Network-based investigation of petroleum hydrocarbons-induced ecotoxicological effects and their risk assessment.

Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) are compounds composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen, originating from crude oil and its derivatives. PHs are primarily released into the environment through the diffusion of oils, resulting from anthropogenic activities like transportation and offshore drilling, and accidental incidents such as oil spills. Once released, these PHs can persist in different ecosystems and cause long-term detrimental ecological impacts.

Leveraging integrative toxicogenomic approach towards development of stressor-centric adverse outcome pathway networks for plastic additives.

Plastics are widespread pollutants found in atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems due to their extensive usage and environmental persistence. Plastic additives, that are intentionally added to achieve specific functionality in plastics, leach into the environment upon plastic degradation and pose considerable risk to ecological and human health. Limited knowledge concerning the presence of plastic additives throughout plastic life cycle has hindered their effective regulation, thereby posing risks to product safety.

An integrative data-centric approach to derivation and characterization of an adverse outcome pathway network for cadmium-induced toxicity.

Cadmium is a prominent toxic heavy metal that contaminates both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Owing to its high biological half-life and low excretion rates, cadmium causes a variety of adverse biological outcomes. Adverse outcome pathway (AOP) networks were envisioned to systematically capture toxicological information to enable risk assessment and chemical regulation.

A review of mesocosm experiments on heavy metals in marine environment and related issues of emerging concerns.

Mesocosms are real-world environmental science tools for bridging the gap between laboratory-scale experiments and actual habitat studies on ecosystem complexities. These experiments are increasingly being applied in understanding the complex impacts of heavy metals, ocean acidification, global warming, and oil spills. The insights of the present review indicate how metals and metal-bound activities impact on various aspects of ecological complexities like prey predator cues, growth, embryonic development, and reproduction.

Effect of sublethal gradient concentrations of nickel on postlarvae of Penaeus monodon, Perna viridis and Terapon jarbua: Enzyme activities and histopathological changes.

The present study evaluates the enzyme activities and histopathological changes in the post larvae (PL) of shrimp (Penaeus monodon), green mussel (Perna viridis) and fingerlings of crescent perch (Terapon jarbua) exposed to sublethal gradient concentrations of Nickel (Ni). The median lethal concentration (LC) values were 2.49, 66.

Effect of selenium on Penaeus monodon and Perna viridis: Enzyme activities and histopathological responses.

The study was carried out to evaluate enzyme activities and histopathological changes due to the effect of acute and chronic definitive toxicity of selenium (Se) on the post larvae (PL) of giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), and green mussel (Perna viridis). The 96-h Median Lethal concentration (LC) for the PL of shrimp was 3.36 mg L and the chronic value for the long-term survival endpoint in a 21-d exposure was 0.

Toxicity of Nickel on the Selected Species of Marine Diatoms and Copepods.

Toxicity values for nickel on marine diatoms and copepods were derived based on bioassay tests. The 96 h IC of nickel on diatoms, Odontella mobiliensis and Coscinodiscus centralis were 0.31 ± 0.