Microbes and pathogens associated with shrimps - implications and review of possible control strategies.

Shrimp aquaculture has been growing rapidly over the last three decades. However, high-density aquaculture together with environmental degradation has led to increased incidence of shrimp infections. Thus, devising and implementing effective strategies to predict, diagnose and control the spread of infections of shrimps are crucial, also to ensure biosecurity and sustainability of the food industry.

Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Robotic Versus Conventional Completion Thyroidectomy: A 10-year Experience.

Background: Robotic thyroidectomy is gaining popularity, yet its role in completion thyroidectomy remains unclear. We aimed to compare robotic vs conventional completion thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy from 2010-2020, either by conventional open technique (n = 87) or a robotic remote-access approach (n = 44).

Initial versus Staged Thyroidectomy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Multi-Dimensional Cohort Analysis of Effectiveness and Safety.

The optimal surgical approach for differentiated thyroid cancer remains controversial, with debate regarding the comparative risks of upfront total thyroidectomy versus staged completion thyroidectomy following the initial lobectomy. This study aimed to assess the complication rates associated with these two strategies and identify the optimal timing for completion thyroidectomy using a multi-dimensional analysis of four cohorts: an institutional series ( = 148), the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database ( = 39,992), the TriNetX repository ( > 30,000), and a pooled literature review (10 studies, = 6015). Institutional data revealed higher overall complication rates with total thyroidectomy (18.

Assessing Adequacy: A Meta-Analysis of Rapid Onsite Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules.

Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is the standard form of preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodule cytological status. A significant number FNAs are classified as inadequate for interpretation, requiring a repeat FNA which is potentially avoidable, costly, and delays treatment. To address these concerns and maximize first-time FNA adequacy, rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) of FNA specimens was introduced.

Clinical outcomes and tumor microenvironment response to radiofrequency ablation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) utilizes minimally invasive high-energy current to precisely ablate tumor cells. It has been utilized in many cancer types including thyroid, lung, and liver cancer. It has been shown to provide adequate ablative margins with minimal complications; however, incomplete RFA may lead to recurrence of tumor.

Microvascular surgery using surgical loupes versus operating microscope-A single head and neck reconstructive surgeon's experience.

Background: This prospective randomized study evaluates surgical outcomes of head and neck free tissue transfer surgery performed by a single head and neck reconstructive surgeon comparing the use of surgical loupes and the operating microscope.

Methods: Cases using surgical loupes were performed under ×3.5 magnification, whereas cases using the microscope were done using the standard operating microscope.

Completion thyroidectomy: A safe option for high-volume surgeons.

Background: The risk of complication in patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy (cT) is mixed. Several studies report increased risk in comparison to total thyroidectomy (TT) and still others reporting a comparatively decreased risk. We compared the rates of complication in patients at our institution undergoing thyroid lobectomy (TL), (TT), and cT by a single high-volume surgeon.

From ablation to operation: Unraveling the surgical outcomes and complications of thyroidectomy after radiofrequency ablation.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive treatment for thyroid nodules; however, concerns exist regarding its impact on subsequent thyroid surgery. We compared surgical outcomes and complications between patients undergoing thyroidectomy after radiofrequency ablation (post-radiofrequency ablation thyroidectomy group) and those without prior radiofrequency ablation (non-radiofrequency ablation thyroidectomy group).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed thyroidectomy patients, comparing post-radiofrequency ablation thyroidectomy and non-radiofrequency ablation thyroidectomy groups, examining demographics, nodule characteristics, surgical techniques, and complications.

Bilateral nodule radiofrequency ablation in a single setting: First reported case series.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally-invasive ablative technique with an impressive safety profile used to manage thyroid nodules. Current reports with RFA describe the treatment of a single nodule in a single-setting. We describe the first series of bilateral nodule RFA in a single-setting.

Recommend with caution: A meta-analysis investigating papillary thyroid carcinoma tumor progression under active surveillance.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an indolent disease with favorable outcomes. The non-surgical treatment approach known as active surveillance (AS) has been introduced as an alternative treatment instead of the traditional thyroidectomy. However, 10-15 % of PTC tend to progress.

Modified generalized Weibull distribution: theory and applications.

This article presents and investigates a modified version of the Weibull distribution that incorporates four parameters and can effectively represent a hazard rate function with a shape resembling a bathtub. Its significance in the fields of lifetime and reliability stems from its ability to model both increasing and decreasing failure rates. The proposed distribution encompasses several well-known models such as the Weibull, extreme value, exponentiated Weibull, generalized Rayleigh, and modified Weibull distributions.

Has Machine Learning Enhanced the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological condition that limits an individual's capacity for communication and learning throughout their life. Although symptoms of Autism can be diagnosed in individuals of different ages, it is labeled as a developmental disorder because symptoms typically start to show up in the initial 2 years of childhood. Autism has no single known cause but multiple factors contribute to its etiology in children.

A combination of computed tomography scan and ultrasound provides optimal detection of cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is common. This meta-analysis assesses the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), and CT + US in detecting central and lateral LNM.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed by searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for studies published up to April 2022.

Comparison of Medical Management versus Parathyroidectomy in Patients with Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Parathyroidectomy is the definitive cure for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and has an annual prevalence of 0.2-1% in the United States. Some patients with mild disease are medically managed effectively using calcium-lowering medications and drugs against complications such as osteoporosis; however, many maintain a persistently high calcium level that negatively impacts their skeletal, renal, and psychogenic systems over the long term.

Radiofrequency ablation of an intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma with intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring: a case report of a novel technique.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is classically treated by conventional parathyroidectomy, an open neck surgery. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been shown as a safe minimally-invasive alternative to parathyroidectomy for the management of PHPT and has been shown to be effective in 60-90% of cases. Here, we present a patient successfully treated for persistent PHPT by RFA with simultaneous intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring.

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Protective Factor against Recurrence in BRAF-Wild Type Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

A recent work analyzing the concomitant factors BRAF mutation (risk factor) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (protective factor) found that the presence of HT reduced lymph node metastasis in BRAF-mutated papillary thyroid carcinoma. Whether this notion is upheld with respect to disease recurrence and differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), however, is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of underlying HT in DTC patients and its influence on recurrence with a specific emphasis in BRAF-mutated tumors.

The Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Head and Neck Malignancies Presentation and Survival.

Objective: Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), Medicaid expansion became effective in states that have adopted it. We aim to examine its impact on head and neck cancers.

Methods: A retrospective study that utilizes the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, 2010-2016.

Diagnostic Performance of Afirma and Interpace Diagnostics Genetic Testing in Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: A Single Center Study.

Indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITN) represent 20-30% of biopsied nodules, with a 10-60% risk of malignancy. Molecular testing can stratify the risk of malignancy among ITNs, and subsequently reduce the need for unnecessary diagnostic surgery. We aimed to assess the performance of these molecular tests at a single institution.

The beavertail modified radial forearm free flap: Retrospective review of a versatile technique to increase flap bulk in the head and neck.

Objective: Utilization of free tissue transfers in head and neck reconstruction has greatly increased due to their dependability and reliability. Anterolateral thigh (ALT) and rectus abdominus (RA) free flaps may provide too much soft tissue bulk, especially in patients with a large body habitus. A radial forearm free flap (RFFF) may be modified with a "beaver tail" (BT), which provides a flap whose bulk may be tailored to a defect.

Association of BRAF Mutation with the Aggressive Behavior of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of 33 Studies.

An association between the BRAF mutation and the clinicopathological progression of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has been suggested. We aimed to summarize the relevant literature and determine the predictive value of BRAF mutation in predicting clinical outcomes and risk stratification in patients with PTMC. A systematic search using PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase up to February 2020 was performed.

Cardiovascular Health by Graves' Disease Management Modality - Surgery Versus Radioactive Iodine Versus Antithyroid Medications: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland associated with the overproduction of thyroid hormones. Excess secretion of thyroid hormones leads to cardiovascular consequences. Treatment options include antithyroid medications (ATM), radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation, and total thyroidectomy.

Radiologist versus Non-Radiologist Detection of Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Ultrasound: A Meta-Analysis.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer worldwide and is known to spread to adjacent neck lymphatics. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a known predictor of disease recurrence and is an indicator for aggressive resection. Our study aims to determine if ultrasound sonographers' degree of training influences overall LNM detection.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Predicting Extrathyroidal Extension and Its Relation to Body Mass Index in a North American Population.

Detection of extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) influences treatment plan and surgical aggressiveness. Ultrasound (US) is the long-standing preoperative imaging method of choice. Recent literature from Asia suggests US accuracy to be influenced by patient characteristics, such as body mass index (BMI).