Publications by authors named "Shalini T Reddy"
Introduction: In 2020, roughly 25% of applicants who matched into internal medicine (IM) residencies were international medical graduates (IMGs). We examine 12-year trends in distribution of IMGs among IM training programs and explore differences in program perceptions towards IMG recruitment.
Methods: Since 2007, Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine Annual Surveys have collected data about trainees by medical school graduate type.
Background: The US internal medicine workforce relies on international and osteopathic medical graduates to fill gaps in residency. Little is known about the distribution and impact of IMGs, DOs, and USMDs concentrating in different types of IM programs.
Objective: Determining the extent to which USMDs, DOs, and IMGs concentrate in different types of IM programs and comparing Board pass rates by program concentration.
Background: Geriatric patients account for a growing proportion of dermatology clinic visits. Although their biopsychosocial needs differ from those of younger adults, there are no geriatrics training requirements for dermatology residency programs.
Objective: This study explored the state of geriatrics education in dermatology programs in 2016.
Background: Minimally anchored Standard Rating Scales (SRSs), which are widely used in medical education, are hampered by suboptimal interrater reliability. Expert-derived frameworks, such as the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestones, may be helpful in defining level-specific anchors to use on rating scales.
Objective: We examined validity evidence for a Milestones-Based Rating Scale (MBRS) for scoring chart-stimulated recall (CSR).
Background: Bullying of medical trainees is believed to occur more frequently in medical education than once thought.
Objective: We conducted a survey to understand internal medicine program director (PD) perspectives and awareness about bullying in their residency programs.
Methods: The 2015 Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine (APDIM) annual survey was e-mailed to 368 of 396 PDs with APDIM membership, representing 93% of internal medicine residency programs.
Background: Role models in medical school may influence students' residency specialty choice.
Objective: We examined whether medical students who reported clinical exposure to a role model during medical school would have an increased likelihood of selecting the role model's specialty for their residencies.
Methods: We conducted a 5-year prospective, national longitudinal study (2011-2016) of medical students from 24 US allopathic medical schools, starting from the middle of their third year.
This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Concerns over burnout and other factors may influence whether students pursue hospital medicine as a career.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To establish a baseline overall response rate for surveys of health professions trainees, determine strategies associated with improved response rates, and evaluate for the presence of nonresponse bias.
Method: The authors performed a comprehensive analysis of all articles published in Academic Medicine, Medical Education, and Advances in Health Sciences Education in 2013, recording response rates. Additionally, they reviewed nonresponse bias analyses and factors suggested in other fields to affect response rate including survey delivery method, prenotification, and incentives.
Background: Despite the importance of feedback, the literature suggests that there is inadequate feedback in graduate medical education.
Objective: We explored barriers and facilitators that residents in anesthesiology, emergency medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, and surgery experience with giving and receiving feedback during their clinical training.
Methods: Residents from 3 geographically diverse teaching institutions were recruited to participate in focus groups in 2012.
Background: Although medical school typically lasts 4 years, little attention has been devoted to the structure of the educational experience that takes place during the final year of medical school.
Summary: In this perspectives paper, we outline goals for the 4th year of medical school to facilitate a transition from undergraduate to graduate medical education. We provide recommendations for capstone courses, subinternship rotations, and specialty-specific schedules, and we conclude with recommendations to medical students and medical schools for how to use the recommendations contained in this document.
Purpose: To compare how first-year (MS1) and fourth-year students (MS4) ascribe importance to lifestyle domains and specialty characteristics in specialty selection, and compare students' ratings with their primary care (PC) interest.
Method: In March 2013, MS4s from 11 U.S.
Background: To address the country's most pressing healthcare needs, medical students must choose careers in primary care and commit to working with underserved populations. Involvement in student service organizations has been shown to strengthen leadership, empathy, and commitment to underserved health and may lead students to pursue careers in primary care.
Description: In 2010, the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine developed a novel 1-year longitudinal service-learning elective called SERVE (Service, Education, Reflection, Volunteerism Elective).
Purpose: Medical students are increasingly choosing non-primary-care specialties. Students consider lifestyle in selecting their specialty, but how entering medical students perceive lifestyle is unknown. This study investigates how first-year students value or rate lifestyle domains and specialty-selection characteristics and whether their ratings vary by interest in primary care (PC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The career decisions, practice patterns, and approach to patient care of current female students, who make up close to 50% of medical school classes, will have a profound impact on the profession. This study explores the role gender plays in the mentoring experiences of female medical students.
Method: In 2011, the authors conducted focus groups with 48 third- and fourth-year female medical students at four U.
Purpose: Physicians' exposure to pharmaceutical industry marketing raises concerns about their ability to make unbiased, evidence-based prescription decisions. This exposure begins early in medical education. The authors examined the frequency and context of such exposures for students before matriculation to medical school.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Unprofessional behaviors undermine the hospital learning environment and quality of patient care.
Objective: To quantify perceptions of, and participation in, unprofessional behaviors among hospitalists.
Design: Observational survey study.
Background: Do perceptions of and participation in unprofessional behaviors change during internship?
Method: Interns at three Chicago medicine residencies anonymously reported participation in unprofessional behaviors before and after internship. On the basis of a prior survey, interns rated 28 unprofessional behaviors from 1 (unprofessional) to 5 (professional). Site-adjusted regression examined changes in participation rates and perception scores.
The rising popularity of digital applications, such as social networking, media share sites, and blogging, has significantly affected how medical trainees interact with educators, colleagues, and the public. Despite the increased popularity and use of such applications amongst the current generation of trainees, medical educators have little evidence or guidance about preventing misuse and ensuring standards for professional conduct. As trainees become more technologically savvy, it is the responsibility of medical educators to familiarize themselves not only with the advantages of this technology but also with the potential negative effects of its misuse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Students' perceptions of and participation in unprofessional behaviors may change during clinical clerkships.
Method: Third-year students anonymously reported observation, participation, and perceptions of 27 unprofessional behaviors before and five months after clerkships.
Results: Student observation (21 of 27) and participation (17 of 27) in unprofessional behaviors increased (P < .
Background: Provision of medical education that develops nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy is critical if physicians are to incorporate nutrition in preventive care. We studied the impact of a cardiovascular nutrition module on the knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of fourth-year medical students and the relationship of these attributes to patient care practices.
Methods: Based on national practice guidelines and learner needs, an educational intervention consisting of two web-based cases, pocket reference cards, and classroom discussion was developed and implemented.
Background: Low-carbohydrate high-protein (LCHP) diets are used commonly for weight reduction. This study explores the relationship between such diets and acid-base balance, kidney-stone risk, and calcium and bone metabolism.
Methods: Ten healthy subjects participated in a metabolic study.