To Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Conscious Sedation with Dexmedetomidine and Propofol Infusion for Endoscopic Discectomy.

Objective: Endoscopic discectomy is a minimally invasive, day care spine surgery. Patient comfort is of utmost importance as it is performed under local anaesthesia and in prone position. Propofol and dexmedetomidine are titrable and short-acting and commonly used for conscious sedation.

Ultrasound-guided adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament repair under general anesthesia.

Background And Aims: Adductor canal block (ACB) is now an established component of multimodal analgesia for knee replacement surgery and is slowly replacing femoral nerve block (FNB). It is also gaining popularity for providing pain relief in knee arthroscopies including anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery (ACLR). Data is lacking from the Indian subcontinent on comparing ACB to the traditional FNB for ACLR.

The Analgesic Efficacy of Dexamethasone Added to Ropivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Transabdominal Hysterectomy under Subarachnoid Block.

Background And Aims: Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been proven as a safe and effective analgesic technique for several lower abdominal surgeries. Various adjuvants have been used to intensify the quality and prolong the local anesthetic effect. We evaluated the analgesic efficacy of dexamethasone addition to ropivacaine in TAP block following open abdominal hysterectomy.

Comparative Pre-Emptive Analgesic Efficacy Study of Novel Antiepileptic Agents Lamotrigine and Topiramate in Patients Undergoing Major Surgeries at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial.

Background: Central nervous sensitization, following surgical injury, leads to postoperative pain hypersensitivity due to lowered pain threshold in peripheral nociceptors and increased excitability of spinal neurons. Pre-emptive analgesia is intended to decrease pain perception and overall analgesic need by use of drug regimen, seizing CNS sensitization before exposure to painful stimuli. Few studies support pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of novel antiepileptic agent Gabapentin.

Comparative pre-emptive analgesic efficacy study of novel antiepileptic agents gabapentin, lamotrigine and topiramate in patients undergoing major surgeries at a tertiary care hospital: a randomized double blind clinical trial.

Background: Surgical injury leads to postoperative pain hypersensitivity preceded by central nervous sensitization, due to lowered pain threshold in peripheral nociceptors and increased excitability of the spinal neurons. Pre-emptive analgesia is intended to decrease pain perception and overall analgesic need by use of drug regimen seizing central nervous system sensitization before exposure to painful stimuli. Earlier, few studies support pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of novel antiepileptic agent gabapentin.

Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing caesarean section.

Background And Aims: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a fascial plane block providing post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing surgery with infra-umbilical incisions. We evaluated analgesic efficacy of TAP block with ropivacaine for 24 h after caesarean section through a Pfannenstiel incision.

Methods: Sixty patients undergoing caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were randomised to undergo TAP block with ropivacaine (n = 30) versus control group (n = 30) with normal saline, in addition to standard analgesia with intravenous paracetamol and tramadol.

A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study to Compare Preemptive Analgesic Efficacy of Novel Antiepileptic Agent Lamotrigine in Patients Undergoing Major Surgeries.

Background: If postoperative acute pain remains unrelieved, it may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Preemptive analgesic initiated before surgery offers premature analgesia even before exposure to an initial noxious stimulus bestowing effective postoperative analgesia. In developed countries, it is regularly practiced as a part of well-defined protocol.

Comparison of clonidine and dexmedetomidine as adjuncts to intravenous regional anaesthesia.

Background And Aims: Intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA) provides reliable and rapid analgesia with good muscular relaxation of the extremity distal to the tourniquet, but tourniquet pain and absence of post-operative analgesia are major drawbacks. α2 agonists, clonidine and dexmedetomidine are known to potentiate peripheral nerve blocks. The aim of this study was to compare clonidine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to IVRA with respect to block characteristics, tourniquet pain and post-operative analgesia.

0.2% ropivacaine with fentanyl in the management of labor analgesia: A case study of 30 parturients.

Background: Epidural infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine is recommended by the manufacturers for labor analgesia.

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the analgesic efficacy, degree of motor blockade, obstetric outcome in the form of incidence of normal vaginal, assisted vaginal and lower segment cesarean section.

Combined spinal and general anesthesia is better than general anesthesia alone for laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Context: Spinal anesthesia (SA) was combined with general anesthesia (GA) for achieving hemodynamic stability in laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Aims: The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of SA combined with GA in maintaining hemodynamic stability in laparoscopic hysterectomy. The secondary outcomes studied were requirement of inhaled anesthetics, vasodilators, and recovery profile.

Dexmedetomidine as an anesthetic adjuvant in laparoscopic surgery: An observational study using entropy monitoring.

Background: Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α(2) agonist with properties of sedation, analgesia and anxiolysis, making it an ideal anesthetic adjuvant. Using an anesthetic adjuvant that decreases requirement of anesthetics and analgesics may predispose the patient to awareness. We monitored the depth of anesthesia (DOA) using entropy to avoid unwanted awareness under anesthesia.

Evaluation of the effect of intrathecal clonidine to decrease shoulder tip pain in laparoscopy under spinal anaesthesia.

Sixty ASA grade I/II patients scheduled for elective short laparoscopic procedures under spinal anaesthesia were divided into two groups of 30 each. The first group (group C) received 3.5 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine with 30 mcg of clonidine.