Developments and future prospects of personalized medicine in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma diagnoses and treatments.

Background: Precision healthcare has entered a new era because of the developments in personalized medicine, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This paper explores the dynamic landscape of personalized medicine as applied to HNSCC, encompassing both current developments and future prospects.

Recent Findings: The integration of personalized medicine strategies into HNSCC diagnosis is driven by the utilization of genetic data and biomarkers.

Carcinogenic Effects of Areca Nut and Its Metabolites: A Review of the Experimental Evidence.

Oral cancers (OC) are among the most frequent malignancies encountered in Southeast Asia, primarily due to the prevalent habit of betel quid (BQ) and smokeless tobacco use in this region. Areca nut (AN), the primary ingredient in BQ, contains several alkaloids, including arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline, and guvacine. These have been associated with both the AN abuse liability and carcinogenicity.