Application of machine learning and neural network models based on experimental evaluation of dissimilar resistance spot-welded joints between grade 2 titanium alloy and AISI 304 stainless steel.

The use of a composite welded joint consisting of titanium and austenitic stainless steel metals is evidently a favourable selection for industrial applications employing the resistance spot welding (RSW) operation. Nevertheless, achieving a high-quality welded joint proved challenging owing to the properties of the diverse range of materials' used. To improve the quality of dissimilar welded joints, the welding parameters should be selected precisely.

Inequalities in geographic barriers and patient representation in lymphoma clinical trials across England.

The distribution of trial site locations may lead to disparities in geographic access and affect patient representativeness in clinical trials. We utilised trial data covering 1993-2022 from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Open Data Platform, 2011 and 2021 English Census and geographic data and English individual-patient cancer registry data for patients diagnosed with lymphoma between 1997 and 2017. To assess representation, we compared patient age and sex between trial participants and the incident population.

Predictors of Unplanned Health Care Utilization Among Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Rural Region of the Southeastern US.

Background: Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) imposes significant healthcare costs and strains emergency services. This study aimed to identify factors associated with unplanned healthcare usage among children with IBD in a rural, medically underserved region in the southeastern United States.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed children (<18 years) with moderate or severe IBD followed at an academic pediatric gastroenterology clinic between 2016 and 2021.

Correction: Shakir et al. Exorbitant Drug Loading of Metformin and Sitagliptin in Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablet: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization in Healthy Volunteers. 2022, , 686.

In the original publication, a mistake was observed in Figure 5 as published [...

Single-Atomic Co-N Sites with CrCo Nanoparticles for Metal-Air Battery-Driven Hydrogen Evolution.

Designing highly active and robust earth abundant trifunctional electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion applications remain an enormous challenge. Herein, we report a trifunctional electrocatalyst (CrCo/CoN@CNT-5), synthesized at low calcination temperature (550 °C), which consists of Co-N single atom and CrCo alloy nanoparticles and exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and oxygen reduction reaction. The catalyst is able to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm in an alkaline electrolytic cell at a very low cell voltage of ∼1.

Comparative Analysis of Strength of Differently Activated Denture Base Materials Including Recent Acetal Resin-Based Biodentaplast.

Aim And Objectives: The aim of this study is to comparatively analyse the compressive and tensile strength of different types of record base materials made of different materials and processing techniques.

Materials And Methodology: The compressive and tensile strength of 4 types of injection moulded materials were compared with a control of conventional compression moulded material. Twenty test specimens (10 tensile and 10 compressive) were fabricated from each material.

CAnceR IN PreGnancy (CARING) - a retrospective study of cancer diagnosed during pregnancy in the United Kingdom.

Background: The incidence of cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is increasing. Data relating to investigation and management, as well as maternal and foetal outcomes is lacking in a United Kingdom (UK) population.

Methods: In this retrospective study we report data from 119 patients diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy from 14 cancer centres in the UK across a five-year period (2016-2020).

Cardiovascular disease incidence rates: a study using routinely collected health data.

Background: There is substantial evidence that systemic anticancer therapies and radiotherapy can increase the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Optimal management decisions for cancer patients therefore need to take into account the likely risks from a proposed treatment option, as well as its likely benefits. For CVD, the magnitude of the risk depends on the incidence of the disease in the general population to which the patient belongs, including variation with age and sex, as well as on the treatment option under consideration.

Seize the Opportunity: Increasing the HIV Screening Rate in Adolescents Presenting to a Community Pediatric Emergency Department.

Objectives: Our objective was to increase human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening in adolescents presenting to our community pediatric emergency department with symptoms suggestive of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) and who were being tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia. Specifically, we aimed to increase the monthly average proportion of adolescents concurrently screened for HIV in this target group from 11% to 50% in 6 months.

Methods: We identified barriers to HIV screening, focusing on physician-related challenges and adolescents' concerns about confidentiality.

Esthetic Rehabilitation of a Young Patient With Immediately Loaded Single-Piece Basal Implants Following a Trauma Involving the Anterior Maxilla: Case Report With Five-Year Follow-Up.

Traumatic injuries to the anterior maxilla usually lead to loss of teeth by means of avulsion or extraction due to fracture. Rehabilitation of such a clinical scenario is complex as it involves various anatomic and esthetic challenges. Single-piece basal implants have been widely used in the rehabilitation of resorbed ridges because they gain adequate anchorage from the basal cortical bone, allowing immediate temporization or loading.

Assessment of Prevalent Gingival Shades in the South Indian Population: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Gingival shade matching, often overlooked, plays an integral role in designing prostheses for patients with high smile lines, gingival defects, and cases where the acrylic flange of removable dentures extends into the aesthetic zone. The purpose of this study was to find the most prevalent gingival shade in a sample of the South Indian population.

Materials And Methods:  A total of 110 participants were included in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Individualised Estimation of Quality-adjusted Survival Benefit and Cost-effectiveness of Proton Beam Therapy in Intermediate-stage Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Aims: Radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma leads to the irradiation of organs at risk (OAR), which may confer excess risks of late effects. Comparative dosimetry studies show that proton beam therapy (PBT) may reduce OAR irradiation compared with photon radiotherapy, but PBT is more expensive and treatment capacity is limited. The purpose of this study is to inform the appropriateness of PBT for intermediate-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (ISHL).

Association of Radiation and Procarbazine Dose With Risk of Colorectal Cancer Among Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Importance: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors have higher rates of colorectal cancer, which may be associated with subdiaphragmatic radiation therapy and/or alkylating chemotherapy. Although radiation dose-response associations with breast, lung, stomach, pancreatic, and esophageal cancer after HL have been demonstrated, the association of radiation therapy with colorectal cancer remains unclear.

Objective: To quantify the rate of colorectal cancer according to radiation dose to the large bowel and procarbazine dose among HL survivors.

Exorbitant Drug Loading of Metformin and Sitagliptin in Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablet: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization in Healthy Volunteers.

The aim of the proposed study is to develop a mucoadhesive buccal delivery system for the sustained delivery of metformin (MET) and sitagliptin (SIT) against diabetes mellitus (DM) with improved bioavailability. Polymeric blend of Carbopol 940 (CP), agarose (AG) or polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP) as mucoadhesive agents in formulations (R1-R15) were compressed via the direct compression technique. Tablets were characterized for solid state studies, physicochemical and in vivo mucoadhesion studies in healthy volunteers.

Validation of a rapid and economical RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of metformin hydrochloride and sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate: Greenness evaluation using AGREE score.

Reported high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods for estimating metformin hydrochloride (MET) and sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate (SIT) are either laborious or contain higher proportions of organic solvents in mobile phase, thus presenting exorbitant procedures. So, a rapid, significantly more economical and eco-friendly HPLC method for synchronized analysis of both drugs was aimed to develop and validate in current study. Analytical evaluation was executed on Shimadzou⌖ C column (250mm × 4.

Informing radiotherapy decisions in stage I/IIa Hodgkin lymphoma: modeling life expectancy using radiation dosimetry.

In recent randomized trials, omitting consolidative radiotherapy (RT) in early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (ESHL) increased relapses. However, decades of follow-up are required to observe whether lower initial disease control is compensated by reduced risk of late effects. Extrapolation beyond trial follow-up is therefore necessary to inform current treatment decisions.

Proton Therapy in Supradiaphragmatic Lymphoma: Predicting Treatment-Related Mortality to Help Optimize Patient Selection.

Purpose: In some patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), proton beam therapy (PBT) may reduce the risk of radiation-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) and second cancers (SC) compared with photon radiation therapy (RT). Our aim was to identify patients who benefit the most from PBT in terms of predicted 30-year absolute mortality risks (AMR) from CVD and SC, taking into account individual background, chemotherapy, radiation, and smoking-related risks.

Methods And Materials: Eighty patients with supradiaphragmatic HL treated with PBT between 2015 and 2019 were replanned using optimal photon RT.

An Enlarged and Infected Prostatic Utricle as a Rare Cause of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Adolescent Males.

Dysuria with lower abdominal pain is a common presentation for a urinary tract infection (UTI), and diagnosis is based on symptoms together with a urinalysis and urine culture suggestive of infection. UTI is uncommon in circumcised males who are not sexually active. When urine culture is negative, alternate diagnoses including, but not limited to, gastroenteritis, severe constipation, appendicitis, or epididymitis need to be considered.

A Cost Utility Analysis of Minimally Invasive Surgery with Thrombolysis Compared to Standard Medical Treatment in Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhagic Stroke.

Objectives: Standard medical management of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and surgical hematoma evacuation starkly differ, and whilst landmark randomised control trials report no clinical benefit of early surgical evacuation compared with medical treatment in supratentorial ICH, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with thrombolysis has been neglected within these studies. However, recent technological advancements in MIS have renewed interest in the surgical treatment of ICH. Several economic evaluations have focused on the benefits of MIS in ischaemic stroke management, but no economic evaluations have yet been performed comparing MIS to standard medical treatment for ICH.

Brucellosis.

Brucellosis is a common Zoonosis affecting half a million people annually. The most common mode of infection is by consuming unpasteurized milk or milk products. The general manifestations are those of fever with generalized symptoms.