Identification of Lytic Phages Against Multidrug-Resistant : Illuminating Hope on Antimicrobial-Resistance.

Background: Lytic phages have been considered as a solution to mitigate the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Nevertheless, finding phages capable of targeting a broad host-range remains a significant challenge.

Materials And Methods: Our study introduces two lytic phages isolated from hospital effluent, which are active against extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant .

Complete genome sequence of phage iGC_PHA_EC001.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria poses a global health emergency due to limited treatment options. Here, we report a lytic bacteriophage belonging to family against an AMR (ST2089). phage iGC_PHA_EC001 is of genus and 148,445 bp in length, encoding 269 predicted protein-coding sequences and 10 tRNAs.

Proteome Exploration of To Identify Novel Therapeutics: a Hierarchical Subtractive Genomics and Reverse Vaccinology Approach.

Legionella pneumophila is the causative agent of a severe type of pneumonia (lung infection) called Legionnaires' disease. It is emerging as an antibiotic-resistant strain day by day. Hence, identifying novel drug targets and vaccine candidates is essential to fight against this pathogen.

Immunoinformatics and molecular dynamics approaches: Next generation vaccine design against West Nile virus.

West Nile Virus (WNV) is a life threatening flavivirus that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. No preventive therapeutics including vaccines against WNV are available for human use. In this study, immunoinformatics approach was performed to design a multi epitope-based subunit vaccine against this deadly pathogen.

Characterization of an Endolysin Targeting That Affects Spore Outgrowth.

is a spore-forming enteric pathogen causing life-threatening diarrhoea and colitis. Microbial disruption caused by antibiotics has been linked with susceptibility to, and transmission and relapse of, infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutics that are effective in preventing growth, spore germination, and outgrowth.

Bacteriophage endolysins as a potential weapon to combat infection.

is the leading cause of health-care-associated infection throughout the developed world and contributes significantly to patient morbidity and mortality. Typically, antibiotics are used for the primary treatment of infections (CDIs), but they are not universally effective for all ribotypes and can result in antibiotic resistance and recurrent infection, while also disrupting the microbiota. Novel targeted therapeutics are urgently needed to combat CDI.

Reduced Genome of the Gut Symbiotic Bacterium " Benitsuchiphilus tojoi" Provides Insight Into Its Possible Roles in Ecology and Adaptation of the Host Insect.

Diverse animals, including insects, harbor microbial symbionts within their gut, body cavity, or cells. The subsocial parastrachiid stinkbug is well-known for its peculiar ecological and behavioral traits, including its prolonged non-feeding diapause period and maternal care of eggs/nymphs in an underground nest. harbors a specific bacterial symbiont within the gut cavity extracellularly, which is vertically inherited through maternal excretion of symbiont-containing white mucus.

Secretome analysis of Strongyloides venezuelensis parasitic stages reveals that soluble and insoluble proteins are involved in its parasitism.

Background: Parasites excrete and secrete a wide range of molecules that act as the primary interface with their hosts and play critical roles in establishing parasitism during different stages of infection. Strongyloides venezuelensis is a gastrointestinal parasite of rats that is widely used as a laboratory model and is known to produce both soluble and insoluble (adhesive) secretions during its parasitic stages. However, little is known about the constituents of these secretions.

Genome analysis of new Blattabacterium spp., obligatory endosymbionts of Periplaneta fuliginosa and P. japonica.

The successful adaptation of cockroaches is, in part, dependent of the activity of their obligatory endosymbionts, Blattabacterium spp., which are involved in uric acid degradation, nitrogen assimilation and nutrient provisioning. Their strategic localization, within bacteriocytes in the proximities of uric acid storage cells (urocytes), highlights their importance in the recycling of nitrogen from urea and ammonia, end-products not secreted by their host insects.

Study of intra-inter species protein-protein interactions for potential drug targets identification and subsequent drug design for Escherichia coli O104:H4 C277-11.

Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and host-pathogen interactions (HPI) proteomic analysis has been successfully practiced for potential drug target identification in pathogenic infections. In this research, we attempted to identify new drug target based on PPI and HPI computation approaches and subsequently design new drug against devastating enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O104:H4 C277-11 (Broad), which causes life-threatening food borne disease outbreak in Germany and other countries in Europe in 2011. Our systematic in silico analysis on PPI and HPI of E.

Genes essential for the morphogenesis of the Shiga toxin 2-transducing phage from Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2), one of the most important virulence factors of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), is encoded by phages. These phages (Stx2 phages) are often called lambda-like. However, most Stx2 phages are short-tailed, thus belonging to the family Podoviridae, and the functions of many genes, especially those in the late region, are unknown.

Identification of potential drug targets by subtractive genome analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7: an in silico approach.

Bacterial enteric infections resulting in diarrhea, dysentery, or enteric fever constitute a huge public health problem, with more than a billion episodes of disease annually in developing and developed countries. In this study, the deadly agent of hemorrhagic diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome, Escherichia coli O157:H7 was investigated with extensive computational approaches aimed at identifying novel and broad-spectrum antibiotic targets. A systematic in silico workflow consisting of comparative genomics, metabolic pathways analysis, and additional drug prioritizing parameters was used to identify novel drug targets that were essential for the pathogen's survival but absent in its human host.

The Shiga toxin 2 production level in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 is correlated with the subtypes of toxin-encoding phage.

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) causes diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis with life-threatening complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. Their major virulence factor is Shiga toxin (Stx), which is encoded by bacteriophages.

Computer based screening for novel inhibitors against Vibrio cholerae using NCI diversity set-II: an alternative approach by targeting transcriptional activator ToxT.

Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae and remains as a major health risk in developing countries. The emergence and spread of multi-drug resistant V. cholerae strains during the past two decades is now a major problem in the treatment of cholera and have created the urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic agents.

Computational identification of miRNA and targets from expressed sequence tags of coffee (Coffea arabica).

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the group of ∼22 nucleotides long noncoding small endogenous and evolutionary conserved post-transcriptional regulatory RNAs, which show an enormous role in various biological and metabolic processes in both animals and plants. To date not a single miRNA has been identified in coffee (Coffea arabica), which is an economically important plant of Rubiaceae family. In this study a well-developed, powerful and comparative computational approach, EST-based homology search is applied to find potential miRNA of coffee.

MiRANN: a reliable approach for improved classification of precursor microRNA using Artificial Neural Network model.

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a special class of short noncoding RNA that serves pivotal function of regulating gene expression. The computational prediction of new miRNA candidates involves various methods such as learning methods and methods using expression data. This article has proposed a reliable model - miRANN which is a supervised machine learning approach.

Envelope Proteins Pertain with Evolution and Adaptive Mechanism of the Novel Influenza A/H1N1 in Humans.

The novel swine-origin influenza A/H1N1 virus (S-OIV) first detected in April 2009 has been identified to transmit from human to human directly and is the cause of currently emerged pandemic. In this study, nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of the S-OIV and other influenza A viruses were analyzed through bioinformatic tools for phylogenetic analysis, genetic recombination and point mutation to investigate the emergence and adaptation of the S-OIV in human. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HA comes from triple reassortant influenza A/H1N2 and the NA from Eurasian swine influenza A/H1N1 indicating HA and NA to descend from different lineages during the genesis of the S-OIV.