Racial and ethnic differences in presentation severity and postoperative outcomes in vascular surgery.

Background: We assessed the effect of race and ethnicity on presentation severity and postoperative outcomes in those with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), carotid artery stenosis (CAS), peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and type B aortic dissection (TBAD).

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until December 2020. Two reviewers independently selected randomized controlled trials and observational studies reporting race and/or ethnicity and presentation severity and/or postoperative outcomes for adult patients who had undergone major vascular procedures.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex- and gender-based differences in presentation severity and outcomes in adults undergoing major vascular surgery.

Background: Studies have investigated the effects of gender on vascular surgery care. However, to the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive synthesis of the literature has been performed on the presentation severity and postoperative outcomes for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), carotid artery stenosis (CAS), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and type B aortic dissection (TBAD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the sex and gender differences in the presentation severity and outcomes for patients who had undergone major vascular surgery.

Massive hemoptysis: an unusual presentation of papillary thyroid carcinoma due to tracheal invasion.

A 67-year-man presented to the emergency department with massive hemoptysis, coughing up about 250 mL frank blood in 2-3 hours. Physical examination was significant for tachycardia, tachypnea and blood around the mouth. A CT of the chest did not reveal any aetiology of hemoptysis.

Pulmonary Mucormycosis in a Patient With Uncontrolled Diabetes.

Prompt diagnosis of a patient presenting with rhinocerebral, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and central nervous system manifestations is critical for treatment of this potentially fatal fungal infection.

Nontyphi Salmonella Empyema with Bronchopleural Fistula in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of inoculation with nontyphoid compared to the general population. While nontyphoid commonly manifests as gastroenteritis, bacteremia can be seen in patients with HIV. We present a case of disseminated in a patient with HIV complicated by bronchopleural fistula and secondary empyema.

Dasatinib-Induced T-Cell-Mediated Colitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Dasatinib is a potent inhibitor of the altered tyrosine kinase activity in disease states associated with BCR/ABL1. This agent has been shown to exhibit broad off-target kinase inhibition and immunomodulating properties. These effects may be responsible for dasatinib's unique side effects including a distinctive form of hemorrhagic colitis.

Management of stroke prevention in canadian patients with atrial fibrillation at moderate to high risk of stroke.

Background: Many patients with atrial fibrillation who are at moderate to high risk of stroke do not receive anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in accordance with recommendations.

Objective: To determine (1) why Canadian patients with atrial fibrillation who are potentially eligible for VKA do not receive this therapy, (2) why Canadian primary care physicians discontinue VKA therapy, and (3) why VKA therapy is perceived as difficult to manage.

Methods: The study involved a chart review of 3 cohorts of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at moderate to high risk of stroke: patients who had never received VKA treatment (VKA-naive), those whose treatment had been discontinued, and those whose VKA treatment was considered difficult to manage.

Surgical stabilization of shoulder luxation in a pot-bellied pig.

Case Description-A 4.6-month-old pot-bellied pig was evaluated because of non-weight-bearing lameness (grade 5/5) in the right forelimb of 4 days' duration. Clinical Findings-Clinical and radiographic examination revealed a closed, lateral luxation of the right shoulder joint.

Aspiration lung disorders in bovines: a case report and review.

Lung aspiration disorders in bovines are invariably diagnosed as infectious aspiration pneumonias. There is a distinct differentiation between aspiration pneumonia and aspiration pneumonitis in humans that can be applied to bovines. The nature and quantity of the aspirate can result in differing pathogeneses which can require differing therapeutic approaches.

Inadequate thickness of the weight-bearing surface of claws in ruminants.

The term 'thin soles' refers to the suboptimal thickness of the weight-bearing surface of claws in ruminants. These palmar/plantar surfaces of the claws support the weight of the animal and consist of the distal wall horn, the sole proper, the heel and the minute white line area. The sole should normally only bear weight on uneven or undulating surfaces.

A national survey of the management of atrial fibrillation with antithrombotic drugs in Italian primary care.

The aims of this study were to investigate trends in the incidence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF), and to identify factors associated with the prescription of antithrombotics (ATs) and to identify the persistence of patients with oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment in primary care. Data were obtained from 400 Italian primary care physicians providing information to the Health Search/Thales Database from 2001 to 2004. The age-standardised incidence of AF was: 3.

Rumen management during aphagia.

Ruminants that for any reason are unable to eat enough to survive can be supported via rumen fistulation. To successfully accomplish this task, an understanding of rumen physiology is necessary. Some adaptation and modification of the normal physiological processes will be necessary because the extended time normally required to ingest food will, for obvious practical reasons, be reduced to a few minutes repeated once to three times a day.

Patient-reported treatment satisfaction measures for long-term anticoagulant therapy.

A comprehensive literature search identified seven instruments, of which three had psychometric data available. These were the 'Sawicki instrument', the Duke Anticoagulation Satisfaction Scale (DASS) and Deep Vein Thrombosis Quality of Life (DVTQoL). Sawicki assessed five domains with acceptable internal reliability.

Inhibition of alanyl-aminopeptidase on CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells enhances expression of FoxP3 and TGF-beta1 and ameliorates acute colitis in mice.

Inhibitors of alanyl-aminopeptidase e.g. phebestin increase the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 in mononuclear cells.

Investigating the depth of thermal burns in elephants.

Histological examination of burn injuries in elephants revealed that the depth was not as severe as expected from clinical observation. Although the actual burn depth was deep, the thickness of elephant skin, especially the dermis, resulted in the lesions being classified as less severe than expected. Examination of skin samples from selected areas showed that most lesions were either superficial (1st degree) or superficial partial-thickness (superficial 2nd degree) burns with the occasional deep partial thickness (deep 2nd degree) wound.

A method for determining the extent of thermal burns in elephants.

A practical method was developed to assess the extent of burns suffered by elephants caught in bush fires. In developing this method, the surface areas of the different body parts of juvenile, subadult and adult elephants were first determined using standard equations, and then expressed as a percentage of the total body surface area. When viewed from a distance, the burnt proportion of all body segments is estimated, converted to percentages of total body surface area, and then summed to determine the extent of burns suffered.

Evaluation of a commercially available molybdate formulation and zinc oxide boluses in preventing hepatic copper accumulation and thus enzootic icterus in sheep.

The efficacy of a molybdate formulation and a zinc oxide bolus as prophylactic agents for enzootic icterus was evaluated in sheep. Before copper loading, liver biopsies were performed on 12 male, 6-month-old, Mutton Merino sheep to determine hepatic copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. The animals were restrictively randomised according to liver copper concentrations to 3 treatment groups (n = 4) to achieve similar mean liver copper concentrations per group.

Predictive factors of acute hospitalization in 134 patients with Alzheimer's disease: a one year prospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of and determine predictive factors for acute hospitalization in a prospective study of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Design: A one year prospective study.

Participants: 134 patients recruited from the memory clinic in Toulouse University Hospital, with AD diagnosed using the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria.

Pathology, diagnosis and pathogenesis of AA amyloidosis.

Amyloid is defined as a proteinaceous tissue deposit that shows a typical green birefringence in polarised light after staining with Congo red, the presence of non-branching linear fibrils of indefinite length with an approximate diameter of 10-12 nm and a distinct X-ray diffraction pattern consistent with Pauling's model of a cross-beta fibril. Approximately 45% of generalised amyloidoses are secondary or reactive (AA) amyloidosis. Among the causes of AA amyloidosis are rheumatic diseases, idiopathic diseases, inherited diseases, infectious diseases and malignant tumours.

The incidence of gastroenteritis diagnosis among sick dogs presented to the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital correlated with meteorological data.

The number of sick dogs diagnosed with and without gastroenteritis presented to the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital situated north of Pretoria is reported from counts extracted from the records of the Outpatients clinic for 6 years, 1988 to 1993. The average percentage of sick dogs diagnosed with gastroenteritis was 11.51% and the average percentage of sick dogs that were admitted to the parvovirus isolation hospital ward was 2.

The impact of metrifonate therapy on caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease: results from the MALT clinical trial. Metrifonate in Alzheimer's Disease Trial.

Objective: To assess the impact on burden reported by caregivers of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) who were treated with metrifonate during a randomized double blind clinical trial.

Design: Randomized clinical trial, with a 2-week screening period and a 26-week double blind, placebo controlled, treatment phase. Caregivers were assessed at baseline, at 12 weeks, and at end of trial.

Treatment of heartwater: potential adverse effects of furosemide administration on certain homeostatic parameters in normal sheep.

Diuretics, in particular furosemide, are generally recommended as a supportive treatment in the advanced stages of heartwater in ruminants. However, after what appeared to be possible adverse effects accompanying its use in field cases of heartwater, the effects of this drug on certain blood and urine parameters were investigated in normal sheep at the same dose rates. Diuresis with concomitant natriuresis was significant after furosemide administration, as was the expected plasma volume decrease.