Exploring the dynamic effects of shocks in monetary and fiscal policies on the environment of developing economies: evidence from the CS-ARDL approach.

The literature review of ample body indicates that the majority of the studies rely on a single proxy, while exploring the determinants of environmental quality, that can produce misleading results. To subdue this exigency, the current study extends the literature by deploying three proxies (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions) for assessing the environmental quality. In this context, the current study links macroeconomic policies, economic growth, fossil fuel consumption, and renewable energy consumption with the environmental quality for selected developing countries from 1990 to 2017.