Synergistic effects of silver nanoparticles in combination with ineffective antibiotics against multidrug resistant .

Objectives: To determine the antimicrobial activity of silver nano-particles(AgNPs) with tetracycline and ampicillin against multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensively-drug resistance (XDR) .

Methods: Cross sectional non-probability purposive study was conducted from September, 2021 to May, 2022 at Microbiology department PNS Shifa, Hospital Karachi. Blood cultures of patients suspicious of typhoid fever were collected and incubated in automated Bact/Alert system.

Detection of Salmonella typhi Isolates and Ceftriaxone Strains Harbouring CTX-M-15 Gene.

Objective: To determine blaCTX-M-15(Cefotaxime-Munich) gene amongst the extensively drug resistant (XDR) Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) isolates by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR).

Study Design: Observational, cross-sectional study.