Nitazoxanide mitigates methotrexate hepatotoxicity in rats: role in inhibiting apoptosis and regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objectives: Hepatotoxicity is a severe outcome of methotrexate (MTX) therapy, limiting its clinical use and contributing to its related morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of nitazoxanide (NTZ), an antiprotozoal drug, against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity and whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-modulation underlies the expected beneficial effects of NTZ.

Methods: Thirty-six rats were allocated to six groups, one control group and five MTX groups, where induction of hepatotoxicity was achieved via injecting MTX (20 mg/kg).

Vitamin D3 mitigates myopathy and metabolic dysfunction in rats with metabolic syndrome: the potential role of dipeptidyl peptidase-4.

Metabolic syndrome is associated with vitamin D3 deficiency. This work aims to examine the efficacy of vitamin D3 in inhibiting MetS-induced myopathy and to determine whether the beneficial effects of vitamin D3 are mediated by the inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). An in silico study investigated the potential effectiveness of vitamin D3 on the inhibition of the DPP-4 enzyme.

Telmisartan ameliorates nephropathy and restores the hippo pathway in rats with metabolic syndrome.

The main objective of this study was to determine if the telmisartan-ameliorative effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS)-evoked nephropathy are attributed to the Hippo pathway. A secondary objective was to investigate the potential of vitamin D3 to enhance telmisartan-favourable effects. A diet composed of 24% fat and 3% salt, along with drinking water containing 10% fructose, was administered for 12 weeks to induce MetS.

Nematocidal activity of chitosan nanoparticles conjugated with albendazole against the enteral and parenteral phases of trichinosis in experimentally infected mice.

Trichinosis is a serious parasitic zoonotic disease caused mainly by The used drugs for treatment of trichinosis showed limited bioavailability and high degree of resistance. Moreover, they have a very poor effect in treatment of encysted larvae. Therefore, there is a need for development of new agents which help in improving the bioavailability of the used drugs and enable them to reach different tissues.

Potential Hepatoprotective Effects of against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury: Integrated Phytochemical Profiling, Target Network Analysis, and Experimental Validation.

Methotrexate (MTX) therapy encounters significant limitations due to the significant concern of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), which poses a significant challenge to its usage. To mitigate the deleterious effects of MTX on hepatic function, researchers have explored plant sources to discover potential hepatoprotective agents. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of the ethanolic extract derived from the aerial parts of (CLAE) against DILI, specifically focusing on MTX-induced hepatotoxicity.

Rosuvastatin, but not atorvastatin, enhances the antihypertensive effect of cilostazol in an acute model of hypertension.

Purpose: Hypertensive emergency, a sudden and severe increase in blood pressure, necessitates immediate intervention to avoid end-organ damage. Cilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase-III inhibitor, has vasodilator effect. Here, we investigated the effect of two commonly used statins, atorvastatin or rosuvastatin, on cilostazol antihypertensive activity in acute model of hypertension.

Mechanistic aspects of ameliorative effects of Eicosapentanoic acid ethyl ester on methotrexate-evoked testiculopathy in rats.

Disrupted spermatogenesis and testicular injury are among the devastating outcomes of methotrexate. A major contributor to methotrexate-induced testiculopathy is oxidative damage which triggers apoptosis and altered autophagy responses. Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) is an antihyperlipidemic derivative of omega-3 fatty acids that exhibited affinity to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) that possesses both antioxidant and autophagy modulating properties.

Anti-helminthic effect of peel extract on worms and muscle larvae: in vitro and in vivo studies.

() is a prevalent foodborne intestinal parasite in many developing countries. Albendazole (ABZ) is the drug of choice for treating trichinosis despite its several drawbacks as its week effect against encapsulated larvae, low bioavailability, and emerging drug resistance. As a result, new anthelmintic agents are required.

Moxonidine ameliorates cardiac injury in rats with metabolic syndrome by regulating autophagy.

Aims: Reduced cardiac autophagy, ischemic injury, sympathetic overactivity, and apoptosis all contribute to metabolic syndrome (MetS)-associated cardiovascular risks. NR4A2, an orphan nuclear receptor NR4A family member, induces autophagy while suppressing apoptosis in myocardial infarction. Moxonidine, a sympathoinhibitor imidazoline1 receptor (I1R) agonist, has beneficial metabolic and hemodynamic effects; however, whether autophagy and/or NR4A2 signaling are involved in moxonidine's cardiovascular effects via I1R activation, is unknown, and is the aim of this study.

Assessment of therapeutic potential of and commercial supplements in experimental giardiasis models.

is one of the most common protozoal parasites in humans, and a major cause of diarrheal illness. Treatment of giardiasis relies on metronidazole (MTZ) and other nitroimidazoles which exhibit some limitations, including variable treatment efficacy and parasite-drug resistance. In this work, we investigated the therapeutic effects of the commercial products of and , alone and in combination with MTZ, on giardiasis in experimentally infected hamsters.

Ameliorative effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on burn-induced hepatic and metabolic derangements in rats.

Aims: The current study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a solo therapy in ameliorating both skin lesions and liver injury induced by cutaneous severe burn injury (SBI) in rats.

Main Methods: In anesthetized male adult Wistar albino rats, 30 % total burn surface area and established hepatic injury was achieved via direct contact of each experimental animal's dorsum with heated metal rod (100 °C) for 10 s. On the next day following burn, human MSCs or mouse MSCs was administered locally around the burn site and intraperitonially (0.

Identifying SARS-CoV-2 Lineage Mutation Hallmarks and Correlating Them With Clinical Outcomes in Egypt: A Pilot Study.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to over 4.9 million deaths as of October 2021. One of the main challenges of creating vaccines, treatment, or diagnostic tools for the virus is its mutations and emerging variants.

Quercetin ameliorated remote myocardial injury induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: Role of Rho-kinase and hydrogen sulfide.

Aims: This study was designated to investigate the means through which quercetin confers its cardioprotective action against remote cardiomyopathy elicited by renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Potential involvement of hydrogen sulfide (HS) and its related mechanisms were accentuated herein.

Main Methods: In anesthetized male Wistar rats, renal I/R was induced by bilateral renal pedicles occlusion for 30 min (ischemia) followed by 24 h reperfusion.

SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity rate and seroprevalence of related antibodies among a sample of patients in Cairo: Pre-wave 2 results of a screening program in a university hospital.

Background: Research has revealed that asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infections are important contributors to the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in populations. In Egypt, the true prevalence of infections is veiled due to the low number of screening tests. The aim of this study was to determine the SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity rate as well the seroprevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies before the ultimate development of a second wave of the epidemic in Cairo, Egypt.

SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion among 4040 Egyptian healthcare workers in 12 resource-limited healthcare facilities: A prospective cohort study.

Background: We examined Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroconversion incidence and risk factors 21 days after baseline screening among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a resource-limited setting.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 4040 HCWs took place at 12 university healthcare facilities in Cairo, Egypt; April-June 2020. Follow-up exposure and clinical data were collected through online survey.

Universal COVID-19 screening of 4040 health care workers in a resource-limited setting: an Egyptian pilot model in a university with 12 public hospitals and medical centers.

Background: The scale of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among health care workers (HCWs), particularly in resource-limited settings, remains unclear. To address this concern, universal (non-symptom-based) screening of HCWs was piloted to determine the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the associated epidemiological and clinical risk factors at a large public health care facility in Egypt.

Methods: Baseline voluntary screening of 4040 HCWs took place between 22 April and 14 May 2020 at 12 hospitals and medical centres in Cairo.

Influenza A (H1N1) virus infection and TNF-308, IL6, and IL8 polymorphisms in Egyptian population: a case-control study.

Background: The importance of influenza is increasing mainly because of the appearance of novel pandemic strains such as swine and avian. Each year, influenza has spread around the world causing about 250,000-500,000 deaths and more than 5 million cases of severe illness.The objective is as follows: evaluating the outcomes of patients with influenza A (H1N1) virus in relation to certain TNF-308, IL6, and IL8 polymorphisms and identifying the associated factors with the severe outcome.

Impact of treatment with a Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (Genistein) on acute and chronic experimental Schistosoma mansoni infection.

Schistosomiasis mansoni is considered one of the most common fibrotic diseases resulting from inflammation and deposition of fibrous tissue around parasitic eggs trapped in the liver, causing morbidity and mortality. Chemotherapy against schistosomiasis is largely dependent on Praziquantel (PZQ). Yet, the huge administration of it in endemic areas and its incompetence towards the immature stages have raised serious alarms against the development of drug resistance.

Restoration of Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Cystathionine- Lyase Activity Underlies Moxonidine-Evoked Neuroprotection and Sympathoinhibition in Diabetic Rats.

We recently demonstrated a fundamental role for cystathionine- lyase (CSE)-derived hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the cardioprotective effect of the centrally acting drug moxonidine in diabetic rats. Whether a downregulated CSE/HS system in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) underlies neuronal oxidative stress and sympathoexcitation in diabetes has not been investigated. Along with addressing this question, we tested the hypothesis that moxonidine prevents the diabetes-evoked neurochemical effects by restoring CSE/HS function within its major site of action, the RVLM.

Diagnostic biomarkers in murine : dose- and age-related infection.

Increasing prevalence of raises the importance to explore different aspects of its infection. In the absence of reproducible in vitro culturing, animal model is the only experimental method to study . Our study evaluated infection using coproscopy, copro-antigen and copro-DNA for early detection of murine cryptosporidiosis.

Atorvastatin repurposing for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in experimentally immunosuppressed mice.

The present study was conducted on 200 male mice for the detection of the effect of Atorvastatin on Cryptosporidium spp. infection versus the commercially used drug Nitazoxanide in experimentally immunosuppressed mice. Atorvastatin was used alone at low dose (20 mg/kg), high dose (40 mg/kg), and combined with Nitazoxanide (1000 mg/kg) with either the low dose or high dose for five consecutive days.

Cystathionine-γ lyase-derived hydrogen sulfide mediates the cardiovascular protective effects of moxonidine in diabetic rats.

Blunted cystathionine-γ lyase (CSE) activity (reduced endogenous H2S-level) is implicated in hypertension and myocardial dysfunction in diabetes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that CSE derived H2S mediates the cardiovascular protection conferred by the imidazoline I1 receptor agonist moxonidine in a diabetic rat model. We utilized streptozotocin (STZ; 55mg/kg i.