Prevalence and Determinants of Depression among Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) TB cases registered under National Tuberculosis Elimination Program in Ahmedabad City.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) increases the risk of depression, lowers treatment compliance leading to poor outcomes.

Objectives: To (1) document the prevalence of depression among MDR-TB cases registered at tuberculosis units (TUs) of Ahmedabad city and (2) assess determinants of depression.

Methodology: Adult MDR-TB patients registered at all (23) TUs of Ahmedabad city, were studied using semi-structured questionnaire along with Gujarati translated version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) to assess the severity of depression based on 17 items.

An Outcome-Based Follow-up Study of Cured Category I Pulmonary Tuberculosis Adult Cases from Various Tuberculosis Units under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program from a Western Indian City.

Context: Despite the nationwide implementation of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program in India, adverse outcome after treatment is on rise. Program guidelines propose follow-up of cured patients for 2 years which is rarely done.

Objectives: The main objectives of this study is (1) To find the response of treatment in terms of failure and drug resistance (recurrence of symptoms and mortality experience) and (2) Collect client perspective about the program and suggest the same to program managers.

Evaluation of Skill-oriented Training on Enhanced Syndromic Case Management (ESCM) of Reproductive Tract Infections / Sexually Transmitted Infections (RTI/STIs) of Care Providers from Three-tier Health-care System of Gujarat.

Background: Enhanced syndromic case management (ESCM) deals with reproductive tract and sexually transmitted infections. Capacity building of service providers not only boosts the program but also inputs from them improve the quality of services.

Objectives: To (1) identify problem areas from providers' perspectives and the gaps in knowledge and application and (2) assess the gains (if any) through pre and post-training evaluation.

Preparation and evaluation of sublingual tablets of zolmitriptan.

Aim: Zolmitriptan is a 5-HT receptor agonist (1B/1D). It is used in the acute treatment of migraine having low bioavailability about 40% orally due to hepatic first pass metabolism. The purpose of the present research was to formulate fast acting sublingual tablets of zolmitriptan.

Formulation and evaluation of liquisolid compacts for olmesartan medoxomil.

Olmesartan medoxomil is an angiotensin type II receptor blocker, antihypertensive agent, administered orally. It is highly lipophilic (log P 5.5) and a poorly water-soluble drug with absolute bioavailability of 26%.

Formulation and optimisation of raft-forming chewable tablets containing H2 antagonist.

Purpose: The purpose of this research work was to formulate raft-forming chewable tablets of H2 antagonist (Famotidine) using a raft-forming agent along with an antacid- and gas-generating agent.

Materials And Methods: Tablets were prepared by wet granulation and evaluated for raft strength, acid neutralisation capacity, weight variation, % drug content, thickness, hardness, friability and in vitro drug release. Various raft-forming agents were used in preliminary screening.

Formulation and evaluation of sublingual tablets containing Sumatriptan succinate.

Objective: Sumatriptan succinate is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine-1 receptor agonist effective in the acute treatment of migraine headaches, having low bioavailability of about 15% orally due to first-pass metabolism. The purpose of this research was to mask the intensely bitter taste of Sumatriptan succinate and to formulate fast-acting, taste-masked sublingual tablet formulation.

Materials And Methods: Taste masking was performed by solid dispersion method with mannitol and ion exchange with Kyron T 114 because it releases the drug in salivary pH.

Preparation and Characterization of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Olmesartan Medoxomil for Bioavailability Improvement.

Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) antihypertensive agent administered orally that has absolute bioavailability of only 26% due to the poor aqueous solubility (7.75 μg/ml). The aim of the present investigation was to develop a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to enhance the oral absorption of OLM.

Floating matrix tablets of domperidone formulation and optimization using simplex lattice design.

The purpose of this research was to prepare a floating matrix tablet containing domperidone as a model drug. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were evaluated for matrix-forming properties. A simplex lattice design was applied to systemically optimize the drug release profile.

Development and validation of the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitative estimation of candesartan from human plasma.

Introduction: A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for estimation of candesartan in human plasma using the protein precipitation technique.

Materials And Methods: The chromatographic separation was performed on reverse phase using a Betasil C8 (100 × 2.1 mm) 5-μm column, mobile phase of methanol:ammonium tri-floro acetate buffer with formic acid (60:40 v/v) and flow rate of 0.

Formulation and evaluation of transdermal patch of repaglinide.

Repaglinide has the half life of 1 hour, and bioavailability in the body is 56% due to first-pass metabolism. The total daily dose of Repaglinide is 16 mg (e.g.

Formulation and evaluation of controlled-release tablet of zolpidem tartrate by melt granulation technique.

The present investigation describes the influence of the concentration of PEG 6000 as a melt binder and ratio of HPMC K4M : PVP on Zolpidem tartrate controlled-release tablet formulations using 3(2) full factorial design. The ratio of HPMC K4M and PVP K30 (X(1)) and the concentration of melt binder (X(2)) were selected as independent variables, and drug release at 1 hr (Q(1)), 4 hr (Q(4)), 8 hr (Q(8)), diffusion coefficient (n), and release rate constant (K) were selected as a dependent variable. Tablets were prepared by melt granulation technique and evaluated for various evaluation parameters.

Thermoreversible mucoadhesive ophthalmic in situ hydrogel: Design and optimization using a combination of polymers.

The purpose of the study was to develop an optimized thermoreversible in situ gelling ophthalmic drug delivery system based on Pluronic F 127, containing moxifloxacin hydrochloride as a model drug. A 3(2) full factorial design was employed with two polymers: Pluronic F 68 and Gelrite as independent variables used in combination with Pluronic F 127. Gelation temperature, gel strength, bioadhesion force, viscosity and in vitro drug release after 1 and 10 h were selected as dependent variables.

Gastric floating matrix tablets: design and optimization using combination of polymers.

The purpose of the present study was to develop an optimized gastric floating drug delivery system (GFDDS) containing domperidone as a model drug. Box-Behnken design was employed in formulating the GFDDS with three polymers: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M (HPMC K4M) (X1), Carbopol 934P (X2) and sodium alginate (X3), as independent variables. Floating lag time (FLT), total floating time (TFT), time required to release 50% of the drug (t50) and diffusion exponent (n) were selected as dependent variables.