Ectopic gynaecomastia on the inner aspect of the thigh in an otherwise healthy man.

Gynaecomastia is a common examination finding in adult men. Supernumery breasts along the milk line are also identified frequently in the adult population. Here we report a case of ectopic gynaecomastia, away from the milk line.

Patterns of local and distant disease relapse in patients with breast cancer treated with primary chemotherapy: do patients with a complete pathological response differ from those with residual tumour in the breast?

This study aimed to evaluate patterns of local and distant disease recurrence in patients having primary chemotherapy and compared patterns of relapse in patients with a complete pathological response with those who had residual breast disease. This is an observational study using a sequential series of patients treated with primary chemotherapy. They were followed up for a minimum of 5 years.

Guidelines, guidelines and more guidelines: and we still do not know how to follow-up patients with breast cancer.

Background: A major challenge facing us is the provision of health care and appropriate allocation of available resources for the treatment of patients with breast cancer. This is of particular concern in the provision of follow-up care. With the increasing incidence of breast cancer and the improvements in survival which have resulted in up to 75% of patients surviving for more than five years, an increasing resource is required.

The relationship between vascular and metabolic characteristics of primary breast tumours.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between vascular and metabolic characteristics of breast tumours in vivo, using contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI and 2-[(18)F] fluoro-2-deoxy- d-glucose (FDG) PET imaging. Twenty patients with large or locally advanced primary breast cancers were imaged prior to therapy. MRI data were acquired using a dynamic gradient echo sequence and analysed using two pharmacokinetic models.