A novel ultra-performance liquid chromatography detection method development and validation for paclitaxel and its major metabolite in human plasma.

Background: Paclitaxel is a promising anticancer drug for patients with ovarian, breast, lung, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, prostate, and head-and-neck cancers. Paclitaxel follows nonlinear pharmacokinetics. The major metabolite of paclitaxel is 6-alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel, mediated by CYP2C8, while metabolism to two of its minor metabolites, 3'-p-hydroxypaclitaxel and 6a, 3'- p-dihydroxypaclitaxel, is catalyzed by CYP3A4.

Impact of Dapagliflozin Adjunctive Therapy on the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 2-5: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis investigated efficacy of dapagliflozin as adjunctive therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 2-5. A systematic search was conducted of selected databases for randomised controlled trials that reported the mean change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) from baseline. Out of 1,682 identified studies, 9 trials comprising 13,057 patients were included.

Is Sphingosine Kinase 1 Associated with Hematological Malignancy? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is a lipid enzyme whose role in the etiology of cancer has been well explored. Here, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the association of SphK1 expression with hematological malignancy.

Materials And Methods: Relevant studies were identified through electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and OVID) and evaluated based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

S1P Signaling Genes as Prominent Drivers of BCR-ABL1-Independent Imatinib Resistance and Six Herbal Compounds as Potential Drugs for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Imatinib (IM), a breakthrough in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment, is accompanied by discontinuation challenges owing to drug intolerance. Although mutation is a key cause of CML resistance, understanding mechanisms independent of is also important. This study investigated the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling-associated genes ( and ) and their role in BCR-ABL1-independent resistant CML, an area currently lacking investigation.

A Multi-epitope Subunit Vaccine Identification and Development Against Scrub Typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi) Using Immunoinformatics Approaches.

Background The pathogen , which causes scrub typhus, is rapidly spreading throughout the tropics. As a measure to improve public health, the development of a vaccine for human use is essential. Scrub typhus is listed as one of the underdiagnosed and underreported febrile infections.

A Validated Chiral Chromatography Method for Enantiomeric Separation of Pomalidomide in Human Plasma.

In the present work, new chiral stationary phase high-performance liquid chromatography (CSP-HPLC) method was established and validated for the quantification of pomalidomide (PMD) enantiomers in human plasma. The chromatographic enantiomeric separation was achieved on a Daicel-CSP, Chiralpack IA 4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm; because of its advantages of high degree of retention, high resolution capacity, better reproducibility, ability to produce lower back pressure and low degree of tailing.

An observational study of root-cause analysis of medication errors in elderly with methotrexate toxicity.

Introduction: Medication errors are inherent in a healthcare system. This results in both time and cost burdens for both the patient and the health system. The aim of this study was to conduct a root-cause analysis of medication errors in elderly patients with methotrexate toxicity, analyze associated factors, and propose solutions.

Association of depression with disease duration, quality of life and adherence in Parkinson's disease: A cross sectional study.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive motor disorder often accompanied by non-motor symptoms such as depression.

Objectives: The objective was to estimate the prevalence of depression in PD patients, and assess its association with disease duration, quality of life and adherence to treatment.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care centre for patients diagnosed with PD.

Safety and efficacy of Vitamin D supplementation with Imatinib in Chronic Phase- Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: an Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: The study aimed to compare early molecular response (EMR) rates at 3 months of imatinib therapy with and without vitamin D supplementation in patients newly diagnosed with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML-CP). The secondary objective was to assess the effects of vitamin D on complete haematological response (CHR) and its safety.

Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory randomised trial.

Prescribing pattern of anti-diabetic drugs and adherence to the American Diabetes Association's (ADA) 2021 treatment guidelines among patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Glycemic control is the major therapeutic objective in diabetes. Poor glycemic control in diabetes mellitus can be prevented by using rational use of anti-diabetic medication, which needs to be evaluated for effectiveness by prescription pattern studies. The objective of this study was to assess the prescribing pattern and adherence to the American Diabetic Association's (ADA) treatment guidelines in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Uttarakhand, India.

Efficacy of Ferulic Acid in an Animal Model of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: Beneficial or Not?

Background Lamotrigine (LTG) and subconvulsive doses of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) as a model mimic drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), which is a serious unmet medical condition. Previous evidence suggests an imperative role of neuroinflammation in the development of DRE. Various preclinical models of brain injury have reported potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ferulic acid (FA).

Development and validation of a novel chiral chromatographic method for separation of lenalidomide enantiomers in human plasma.

Lenalidomide (LND) is an analogue of thalidomide that is second generation immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs). LND contains asymmetric carbon atom and exist R and S enantiomer. S (-) form of enantiomer are considered to be more potent and biologically active in tumor cell.

Identification and in-vitro analysis of potential proteasome inhibitors targeting PSMβ5 for multiple myeloma.

The proteasome subunit β5 (PSMβ5) is a chief target of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) for treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). The relevance of PSMβ5 mutations and their functional impact on the development of resistance to PIs have been demonstrated recently. Therefore, this present study deals with an in-depth E-pharmacophore based screening and repurposing of FDA-approved drugs that could target PSMβ5 for MM.

Dimethyl Fumarate Ameliorates Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats.

Background Paclitaxel (PTX)-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is nonresponsive to the currently available analgesics. Previous studies have shown the role of oxidative stress and central sensitization in the development of peripheral neuropathy. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) acts as a nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator with neuroprotective benefits and is approved for use in multiple sclerosis.

Molecular docking analysis of piperlongumine with different apoptotic proteins involved in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Numerous signalling pathways are involved in hepatocellular carcinoma. Piperlongumine is a potential candidate for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Drug related adverse pregnancy outcomes at a tertiary care hospital from the foothills of Himalayas: A Prospective observational study.

Context And Aim: Safety of drug usage during pregnancy is of utmost importance. Unrestricted usage of drugs may lead to undesirable and unpredictable pregnancy outcomes. This study was designed to detect drug-related adverse pregnancy outcomes, perform prescription audit and develop a pregnancy drug registry.

Piperlongumine inhibits diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Piperlongumine (PL) has been claimed to have cytotoxic and HCC inhibitory effects in various cancer cell lines and xenograft models, but the chemopreventive potential of PL has not been studied in experimentally induced HCC yet.

Research Design: Twenty-four Wistar male rats were divided into four groups of six each, Group A: untreated control; Group B: Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) control (200 mg/kg), Group C: DEN + PL 10 mg/kg; and Group D: DEN + PL 20 mg/kg.

Antiviral Combination Clinically Better Than Standard Therapy in Severe but Not in Non-Severe COVID-19.

Purpose: Definitive antiviral treatment is not available for COVID-19 infection, with the exception of remdesivir, which still evokes many doubts. Various monotherapy or combination therapies with antivirals or other agents have been tried. The present study aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir-ritonavir in combination with ribavirin in mild-severe COVID-19.

Host Cell and SARS-CoV-2-Associated Molecular Structures and Factors as Potential Therapeutic Targets.

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus, referred to as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to the realm , order , family , genus and the species . This viral disease is characterized by a myriad of varying symptoms, such as pyrexia, cough, hemoptysis, dyspnoea, diarrhea, muscle soreness, dysosmia, lymphopenia and dysgeusia amongst others. The virus mainly infects humans, various other mammals, avian species and some other companion livestock.

A prospective study to evaluate antimicrobial prescribing pattern among admitted patients in hilly Himalayan region of northern India.

Background And Aim: Global scenario of antimicrobial (AM) utilization depicts 20-50% inappropriateness. Majority of the hospital admissions are due to unwanted effects because of non-judicial usage of these drugs. The present study focuses on utilization pattern of antimicrobials (AMs) in a tertiary care hospital in northern India.

Role of Structural and Non-Structural Proteins and Therapeutic Targets of SARS-CoV-2 for COVID-19.

Coronavirus belongs to the family of Coronaviridae, comprising single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome (+ ssRNA) of around 26 to 32 kilobases, and has been known to cause infection to a myriad of mammalian hosts, such as humans, cats, bats, civets, dogs, and camels with varied consequences in terms of death and debilitation. Strikingly, novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), later renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and found to be the causative agent of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), shows 88% of sequence identity with bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, 79% with SARS-CoV and 50% with MERS-CoV, respectively. Despite key amino acid residual variability, there is an incredible structural similarity between the receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV.

A Review on Potential Footprints of Ferulic Acid for Treatment of Neurological Disorders.

Ferulic acid is being screened in preclinical settings to combat various neurological disorders. It is a naturally occurring dietary flavonoid commonly found in grains, fruits, and vegetables such as rice, wheat, oats, tomatoes, sweet corn etc., which exhibits protective effects against a number of neurological diseases such as epilepsy, depression, ischemia-reperfusion injury, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.