Cadmium (Cd) detoxification and activation of plant defense enzymes in wheat (Triticum aestivum) through the use of endophytic Bacillus thuringiensis and Salix alba root powder.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and a threat to the ecosystem therefore the current investigation was designed to use endophytic bacteria from the Salix alba roots and to investigate its plant growth promoting and Cd detoxification ability with and without Salix alba root powder. In a complete randomized design (CRD), the cadmium sulfate was applied at the rate of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg soil. The Bacillus thuringiensis (Accession # MW979616) was identified from Salix alba roots.

Biomedical Applications of Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide and Magnesium-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Ziziphus Oxyphylla Leaves.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium-doped zinc oxide (Mg-doped ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Ziziphus oxyphylla 's aqueous leaf extract as reducing agent. UV-Vis absorption peaks at 324 nm and 335 nm were indicative of ZnO and Mg-doped ZnO, respectively. FTIR absorption bands observed at 3238, 1043, 1400, 1401, 2186 and 2320 cm suggested the presence of phenols, alcohols, saturated hydrocarbons, and possibly alkynes.

Bioflavonoid-Induced Apoptosis and DNA Damage in Amastigotes and Promastigotes of : Deciphering the Mode of Action.

Natural products from plants contain many interesting biomolecules. Among them, quercetin (Q), gallic acid (GA), and rutin (R) all have well-reported antileishmanial activity; however, their exact mechanisms of action are still not known. The current study is a step forward towards unveil the possible modes of action of these compounds against (the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis).

Natural compounds from plants controlling leishmanial growth via DNA damage and inhibiting trypanothione reductase and trypanothione synthetase: an in vitro and in silico approach.

In the present study, four different natural compounds including quercetin, gallic acid, rutin, and lupeol were studied for their anti-leishmanial potentials with anticipated mechanism of action through in vitro and in silico approaches. Results showed that rutin was exceedingly active (IC; 91.2 µg/ml) against the promastigote form of compared to quercetin (IC; 182.

Comprehensive investigations on anti-leishmanial potentials of Euphorbia wallichii root extract and its effects on membrane permeability and apoptosis.

Clinically available synthetic chemotherapeutics to treat the vector-borne protozoan infection, leishmaniasis, are associated with serious complications such as toxicity and emergence of resistance. Natural products from plants consist of interesting biomolecules that may interfere with DNA or membrane integrity of the parasite and can possibly minimise the associated side effects. In the present study, various fractions of Euphorbia wallichii (EW) root extracts including n-hexane (EWNX), ethyl acetate (EWEA), chloroform (EWCH) and aqueous (EWAQ), were evaluated for their antileishmanial potential against Leishmania tropica followed by investigation of the possible mechanism of action via reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification, membrane permeability (via sytox green dye) and apoptotic assay (via AO/EB method) using fluorescent microscopy.

Plants as Antileishmanial Agents: Current Scenario.

Leishmaniasis is a clinical manifestation caused by the parasites of the genus Leishmania. Plants are reservoirs of bioactive compounds, which are known to be chemically balanced, effective and least injurious as compared with synthetic medicines. The current resistance and the toxic effects of the available drugs have brought the trend to assess the antileishmanial effect of various plant extracts and their purified compound/s, which are summarized in this review.