Indirect determination of hemoglobin A2 reference intervals in Pakistani infants using data mining.

Background: Reference intervals (RIs) are crucial for distinguishing healthy from sick individuals and vary across age groups. Hemoglobinopathies are common in Pakistan, making the quantification of hemoglobin variants essential for screening. Direct RIs are established by measuring values from a healthy reference population, whereas indirect RIs, use statistical analysis of routine lab data to estimate values, making it feasible in settings where direct data is unavailable.

Frequency of Osteoporosis-Related Fractures in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background: Osteoporosis-related fragility fractures are increasing worldwide. An assessment of the prevalence of fragility fractures in Bahrain is needed to determine proper action and preventive strategies. The main objective of this study was to conduct a retrospective cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of fragility fractures in adult Bahraini patients.

Pregnancy-Related Aortic Dissection-A Rare Complication of Pregnancy.

Patients with pregnancy-related aortic dissections should be transferred to high-volume aortic centers for management. Malperfusion syndromes from acute type A aortic dissections appear to have better outcomes with thoracic endovascular repair before definitive surgical repair.

Albizia Procera-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Carbon: A Versatile Material for Energy Conversion, Storage, and Environmental Applications.

This review explores the diverse applications of nitrogen-doped carbon derived from Albizia procera, known as white siris. Native to the Indian subcontinent and tropical Asia, this species thrives in varied conditions, contributing to sustainable development. The nitrogen-rich leaves of Albizia procera are an excellent source for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbon, which possesses remarkable properties for advanced technologies.

Perception of patient safety culture among undergraduate dental students: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Although patient safety has received a lot of emphasis in medicine and nursing, data regarding patient safety perception in dentistry are limited, particularly among dental students. Given the increasing risk of safety hazards, curriculum developers need evidence to guide their implementation in undergraduate studies. This study aimed to determine patient safety culture among undergraduate dental students in Pakistan.

Unraveling non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential.

Breast cancer remains a leading global health challenge requiring innovative, therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This review explores the pivotal roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNA, micro RNA, and circular RNA, in breast cancer biology. We highlight how these molecules regulate critical signaling pathways, influence tumor microenvironments, and contribute to treatment resistance.

Multivariate Divergence in Wild Microbes: No Evidence for Evolution along a Genetic Line of Least Resistance.

AbstractTrait evolution depends both on the direct fitness effects of specific traits and on indirect selection arising from genetically correlated traits. Although well established in plants and animals, the role of trait correlations in microbial evolution remains a major open question. Here, we tested whether genetic correlations in a suite of metabolic traits are conserved between two sister lineages of fungal endophytes and whether phenotypic divergence between lineages occurred in the direction of the multivariate trait combination containing the most genetic variance within lineages (i.

5-years outcomes following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction comparing quadruple hamstring and peroneus longus tendon autografts: a randomized control trial.

Aims: This study presents clinical outcomes, functional results, and return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using quadruple hamstring tendon autograft or peroneus longus tendon autograft in a randomized controlled trial.

Patients And Methods: Between February 2018 and July 2019, patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were randomly assigned to two groups: hamstring and peroneus longus. Patient related outcome measurements and pain intensity were evaluated using IKDC, Lysholm, and visual analog scores at 3 and 6 months, 1, 2, and 5 years after the surgery.

Psychological interventions for patients with delirium in intensive care: A scoping review protocol.

The objective of this scoping review is to investigate psychological interventions developed, evaluated, and considered for patients with delirium in intensive care units (ICU). Data will be extracted from sources of evidence that address interventions for delirium-related distress and/or cognitive impairments in the adult ICU population, suitable for delivery by or under the supervision of a psychological practitioner. ICU delirium is a common and impactful condition that adversely affects patient outcomes, including prolonged hospitalisation and deteriorating mental health.

Pure Biclonal Hairy Cell Leukemia-Apt Diagnosis with Multicolor Flow Cytometry.

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell neoplasm that constitutes around 2 percent of all lymphoid leukemias and occurs more frequently in elderly males. The usual triad of HCL includes pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and hairy cells in the bone marrow. This is a case of an atypical presentation of biclonal HCL diagnosed on flow cytometry; the existence of biclonal HCL is extremely rare with very few case reports.

Understanding the Occurrence and Fate of Atmospheric Microplastics and Their Potential Risks to Human Health: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background: Plastic pollution has reached an alarming magnitude, defining the contemporary era as the "Plastic Age." Uncontrolled plastic production and inadequate recycling processes have led to widespread contamination of the environment with micro and nanoplastics.

Objective: The study aims to assess the environmental and human health consequences of exposure to microplastic particles (MPs) and their additives among plastic recycling workers in Dhaka.

Advancements in Autophagy Modulation for the Management of Oral Disease: A Focus on Drug Targets and Therapeutics.

Autophagy is an intrinsic breakdown system that recycles organelles and macromolecules, which influences metabolic pathways, differentiation, and thereby cell survival. Oral health is an essential component of integrated well-being, and it is critical for developing therapeutic interventions to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the maintenance of oral homeostasis. However, because of the complex dynamic relationship between autophagy and oral health, associated treatment modalities have not yet been well elucidated.

Enhanced near-infrared absorption in Au-hyperdoped Si: interplay between mid-gap states and plasmon resonance.

Detecting near-infrared (NIR) light with high efficiency is crucial for photodetectors that are applied in optical communication systems. Si hyperdoped with deep-level impurities provides a monolithic platform for infrared optoelectronics with room-temperature operation at telecommunication wavelengths. In this work, we present strongly enhanced NIR absorption via the hybridization between plasmon resonance and mid-gap states in Au-hyperdoped Si layers, prepared by ion implantation and pulsed laser melting.

Mapping epilepsy biomarkers: a bibliometric and content analysis.

Epilepsy, a complex global neurological disorder, has spurred extensive research efforts focused on enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, with a growing emphasis on the identification of biomarkers. This bibliometric study examines 1,774 publications from 2000 to 2023, revealing a notable increase in research activity, particularly in the past decade. The US, China, and the UK lead contributions, with Asian countries exhibiting growing potential.

Neoteric Predictors for Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Tumor Budding and Worst Pattern of Invasion.

Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers seen in the Indian subcontinent. Its primary treatment is surgery with or without adjuvant treatment. Despite advances in science, prognosis and overall survival has not yet chanced over the past two decades.

Catalase activity deficiency sensitizes multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the ATP synthase inhibitor bedaquiline.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to the first-line drugs isoniazid and rifampin, is a growing source of global mortality and threatens global control of tuberculosis disease. The diarylquinoline bedaquiline has recently emerged as a highly efficacious drug against MDR-TB and kills Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting mycobacterial ATP synthase. However, the mechanisms underlying bedaquiline's efficacy against MDR-TB remain unknown.

Toward a Trauma-Informed Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program: Specifying Feasible Practices Across the School Day.

Background: Many students would benefit from trauma-informed physical activity (PA); however, there is a lack of systematic guidance on incorporating trauma-informed practices across school-based PA opportunities. The purpose of this study was to generate a feasible framework for trauma-informed school-based PA.

Methods: Framework development was guided by a modified Delphi approach, including an exploration phase and an evaluation phase.

A classification system based on improved global exploration and convergence to examine student psychological fitness.

Anxiety is an important issue that affects their academic performance, mental health, and overall educational journey. To address this issue, it is important to accurately assess anxiety levels and provide evidence-based techniques. However, due to the complexity of anxiety and individual differences, analyzing clustering algorithms to efficiently classify psychological levels is challenging.

Exploring newly isolated thermotolerant, halotolerant and antimicrobial resistant Bacillus subtilis ProNTL1 from tannery waste and its alkaline protease production.

Background: A hydrolytic enzyme called protease from microbial sources has expansive applications in leather as well as tannery industries and thus leaves no choice but to discover a potential candidate for efficient yield of protease with eccentric characteristics.

Methods And Results: In the current study, using skim milk agar medium, three bacterial strains (Pro SS14, Pro NTL1, Pro SM) were identified for protease production out of thirty tannery waste samples. The bacterial isolates were identified through morphological, biochemical and molecular basis and the highest protease producer (134 U/mL) having the paramount protein content (8.

Innovative hybrid grey wolf-particle swarm optimization for calculating transmission line parameter.

Transmission line (TL) parameters, particularly capacitance, are important for ensuring the efficient and reliable operation of power systems. As power networks become increasingly complex, accurately determining TL parameters faces certain challenges, particularly capacitance, which involves overcoming computational challenges due to bundling configurations. The interconnected nature of modern TL and the use of advanced technologies further add to the complexity.

Low-energy magnetic states of Tb adatom on graphene.

Electronic structure and magnetic interactions of a Tb adatom on graphene are investigated from first principles using combination of density functional theory and multiconfigurational quantum chemistry techniques including spin-orbit coupling (SOC) . We determine that the six-fold symmetry hollow site is the preferred adsorption site and investigate electronic spectrum for different adatom oxidation states including Tb, Tb, Tb, and Tb. For all charge states, the Tb4f8configuration is retained with other adatom valence electrons being distributed over5dxy,5dx2+y2, and6s/5d0single-electron orbitals.