Scientific appraisal of Unani concept of islah-e-advia (rectification/purification of drugs) and its importance.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Unani system of medicine uses drugs from plants, minerals and animals (Mawaleed-e-salasa) origin. Most of the drugs used are believed to be safe, but some drugs may have toxins and produce harmful effects, so it is very important to remove the toxins or to minimize their harmful effects before using, so as to increase their therapeutic values and make easy for use.

Aim Of The Study: To explore the concept, aims and objectives of islah-e-advia (rectification/purification of drugs) in Unani system of medicine.

Unani concept of drug substitution (therapeutic interchange) and its validation on scientific parameters.

Background: Unani concept of therapeutic interchange, despite having immense practical aspect, has not been touched upon in a coherent way by most of the Unani scholars except Razi (Rhazes 865-925 AD), who took the concept plausibly and framed rules for alternate drug prescription at the time of unavailability of the drugs of choice.

Objective: The Unani concept of therapeutic interchange is based on similarity in action, temperament and physical properties of drugs mainly botanicals, which are already established and need no further discussion; however, phytochemistry has not been considered a basis for substitution. Therefore, objective of this study was evaluation of the concept on phytochemical parameters as actions of most drugs are due to phytoconstituents.

Effect of L. fruit on ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride induced urolithiasis in male Sprague Dawley rats.

Background: To investigate the antilithiatic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of ( L.) fruit in male Sprague Dawley rats.

Methods: Rats were divided into six groups of six each.

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Habbe Gule Aakh, A polyherbal Unani formulation in animal models.

Background: Habbe Gule Aakh is extensively used in Unani medicine for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.

Objective: To evaluate anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Habbe Gule Aakh on Wistar rats and Swiss mice of either sex.

Materials And Methods: The study was carried out in Wistar rats for anti-inflammatory activity while Swiss mice were used for analgesic activity.

Hajrul yahood (Lapis judaicus): An important mineral drug of Unani system of medicine for the management of urolithiasis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hajrul yahood (Lapis judaicus) is a mineral drug used in different dosage forms in Unani system of medicine and claimed to be effective in the management of urolithiasis.

Aim Of The Study: To explore the role of Hajrul yahood in the management of urolithiasis along with determination of its morphological, ethnomedicinal, physicochemical and pharmacological attributes.

Materials And Methods: A review of literature on Hajrul yahood was undertaken using the bibliographic database viz.

Effect of combination of Dunal and Linn on letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in rats.

Background: To investigate the effect of the combination of hydroalcoholic extract of (WS) and (TT) on letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in rat.

Methods: Twenty four female Wistar rats of regular estrus cycle were divided into four groups of six animals each. The negative control group received 1 mL of 0.

Antilithiatic effect of Peucedanum grande C. B. Clarke in chemically induced urolithiasis in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Duqu (Peucedanum grande C. B. Clarke) has been used by Unani physicians since ancient times in retention of urine, renal and bladder calculi, nephritis and other associated disorders in different dosage forms.