Is endoscopic third ventriculostomy a viable treatment option for normal pressure hydrocephalus? A systematic review.

Background: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is considered an alternative treatment for hydrocephalus and has become a standard of care for obstructive hydrocephalus. Recent studies have also explored its role in normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). We conducted a systematic review aiming to assess the outcomes of this minimally invasive endoscopic technique as a viable treatment option for NPH.

Human amniotic membrane as a dural substitute in neurosurgery: A systematic review.

Background: Several studies have highlighted the use of human amniotic membrane (HAM) in neurosurgical procedures as an effective dural substitute. HAM has inherent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties and exhibits immunomodulatory effect that makes it an ideal dural substitute. Other advantages including easy availability, low cost of procurement, and storage also render it a promising dural substitute especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Multifocal oligodendroglioma with callosal and brainstem involvement.

Background: Oligodendrogliomas are generally low-grade glial neoplasms commonly occurring in a cortical or subcortical location and frequently contain coarse calcifications. Tumors with 1p and 19q codeletions behave atypically and are more likely to have ill-defined margins and tend to have calcification. Very rarely, diffuse pattern and gliomatosis type of infiltrative nature of oligodendrogliomas have been described in sporadic case reports.

Case report: Primary ependymoma of the trigeminal nerve presenting as trigeminal neuralgia.

Background: Ependymomas are usually found in the posterior fossa originating from the fourth ventricle. Primary ependymomas arising from cranial nerves are rare with only a handful of reported cases. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is rarely due to space occupying lesions.

Deep learning applications in neuro-oncology.

Deep learning (DL) is a relatively newer subdomain of machine learning (ML) with incredible potential for certain applications in the medical field. Given recent advances in its use in neuro-oncology, its role in diagnosing, prognosticating, and managing the care of cancer patients has been the subject of many research studies. The gamut of studies has shown that the landscape of algorithmic methods is constantly improving with each iteration from its inception.

Management of symptomatic disc herniation in pregnancy: A case report and literature review.

Background: Lower back pain with radiculopathy due to a disc herniation occurs in about 0.01% of pregnant females. Surgical intervention is seldom required unless there is intractable pain, and for a significant neurological deficit.

Acute cerebellitis successfully managed with temporary cerebrospinal fluid diversion using a long tunnel external ventricular drain: a long-term radiological follow-up of two cases.

Acute cerebellitis (AC) is a rare inflammatory childhood disorder. Although there is no consensus on standard treatment for cerebellitis, its outcome is usually favourable. We report two cases of AC in the paediatric age group, successfully managed with long tunnel external ventricular drain (EVD).

Splenic injury after blunt abdominal trauma: an unusual presentation.

Background: The spleen is the most commonly injured viscus in blunt abdominal trauma. Abdominal pain with left upper quadrant tenderness or signs of peritonitis in a patient with history of trauma is the most common presentation of this condition.

Objective: To describe an unusual presentation of splenic rupture in a patient with history of motor vehicle crash and blunt abdominal trauma.

Surgically treated rectal prolapse: experience at a teaching hospital.

Objective: To analyze our results regarding the surgical treatment of complete rectal prolapse performed at the Aga Khan University Hospital, from January 1988 to December 2003.

Methods: Files were retrieved from our medical records and data was reviewed for all adult patients admitted and operated upon for complete rectal prolapse during our study period. Long-term follow-ups were obtained through these files and also by contacting patients through telephone and letters.