Exosome-bearing hydrogels and cardiac tissue regeneration.

Background: In recent years, cardiovascular disease in particular myocardial infarction (MI) has become the predominant cause of human disability and mortality in the clinical setting. The restricted capacity of adult cardiomyocytes to proliferate and restore the function of infarcted sites is a challenging issue after the occurrence of MI. The application of stem cells and byproducts such as exosomes (Exos) has paved the way for the alleviation of cardiac tissue injury along with conventional medications in clinics.

Study of LncRNA BANCR Expression in Tumor Tissues and Adjacent Normal Tissues in Gastric Cancer Patients.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators in various biological processes, including cancer development and progression. This study aimed to investigate the expression differences of the BRAF-activated non-coding RNA (BANCR) gene in GC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. The potential diagnostic significance of BANCR in GC was explored, with the aim of improving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this global health burden.

Promoter methylation levels of and genes are associated with lung cancer in Iranian patients.

Objectives: Epigenetic alterations like methylation of tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, in respiratory epithelium have been associated with lung cancer. Hypermethylation of genes promoter is an epigenetic event, and is responsible to tumor suppressor genes inactivation as well as oncogenes activation. This study aimed to assess the role of methylation status in promoter of and genes their potential implication in the pathogenesis of lung tumor in Iranian patients.

MiR-146a Restoration Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Migration: A Bioinformatic and Study.

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed types of cancer worldwide. This cancer is treated with various methods like mastectomy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiotherapy. Among them, targeted therapy, like microRNA (miRNA) replacement therapy, is considered a new approach to treating breast cancer.

The effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on PD-L1 gene expression in breast cancer cell lines.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in terms of prevalence and mortality, and chemotherapy is one of the most effective treatments at higher stages. However, resistance to chemotherapy is the main obstacle in the treatment of this cancer. Accumulated evidence identified the PD-L1 protein as an essential protein in the development of different cancers.

Expression profiles of miR-196, miR-132, miR-146a, and miR-134 in human colorectal cancer tissues in accordance with their clinical significance : Comparison regarding KRAS mutation.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most widespread malignancies in the world. MicroRNA (miRNA) has been identified as an important modulator of the biological processes of the cells. This group of noncoding RNAs also has a pivotal function in the growth and development of human cancers, including CRC.

An Examination of the Putative Role of Melatonin in Exosome Biogenesis.

During the last two decades, melatonin has been found to have pleiotropic effects via different mechanisms on its target cells. Data are abundant for some aspects of the signaling pathways within cells while other casual mechanisms have not been adequately addressed. From an evolutionary perspective, eukaryotic cells are equipped with a set of interrelated endomembrane systems consisting of intracellular organelles and secretory vesicles.

A giant splenic hydatid cyst: Why calcified cysts should not be considered as a dead cyst.

Our case report showed that peripheral wall calcification of the hydatid cyst does not mean inactivation of the cyst and calcification of cyst wall may occur in all stages of disease.

Moonlight human ribosomal protein L13a downregulation is associated with p53 and HER2/neu expression in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females worldwide. Recent studies have shown extra-ribosomal roles of the moonlight ribosomal proteins in the development of human cancers. Accurate quantification of the gene expression level is based on the selection of the reference genes whose expression is independent of cancer properties and patient's characteristics.

Cytoprotective and cytofunctional effect of polyanionic polysaccharide alginate and gelatin microspheres on rat cardiac cells.

This study investigated the cyto-functional effect of Alginate-Gelatin microspheres on rat cardiomyoblasts after 7 days. Rat cardiomyoblasts were encapsulated inside Alginate-Gelatin microspheres via application of high voltage rate and dropping in a stirring CaCl solution. The swelling rate, biodegradation, and mechanical features were measured.

Overexpression and Clinicopathological Correlation of Long Noncoding RNA TMPO-AS1 in Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been identified as an important modulator of gene expression and other activities of the cells. This kind of genes also has a significant role in the growth and development of human cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Among lncRNAs, thymopoietin (TMPO)-antisense RNA 1 (TMPO-AS1) is of particular significance and might have a role in CRC regulation.

Evaluating pre- and post-operation plasma miRNAs of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients in comparison to benign nodules.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrinology cancer that its incidence has increased in recent decades. miRNAs are new biomarkers in recent studies in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.

Methods: Blood and thyroid tissue samples were obtained from two groups of included patients (PTC and benign nodules), pre- and post-operation.

Effect of N-acetylcysteine on liver and kidney function tests after surgical bypass in obstructive jaundice: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: It has been shown that N-acetylcysteine may be useful in correcting postoperative hepatic and renal function in many pathological conditions. The present study aimed to examine the effect of N-acetylcysteine on liver and kidney function tests after surgical bypass in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Methods: & Materials: A total of 30 patients with obstructive jaundice who were candidates for bypass surgery were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial.

Cardioprotective role of extracellular vesicles: A highlight on exosome beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles, released from many cell types including cardiac cells, have recently emerged as intercellular communication tools in cell dynamics. EVs are an important mediator of signaling within cells that influencing the functional behavior of the target cells. In heart complex, cardiac cells can easily use EVs to transport bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs to the regulation of neighboring cell function.

Aberrant hypermethylation of OGDHL gene promoter in sporadic colorectal cancer.

Background: Aberrant methylation patterns of certain genes including tumor suppressors, a major epigenetic event, contribute mainly to tumorigenesis. Promoter CpG island methylation in Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase like (OGDHL) gene has been reported to reduce gene expression and hence apoptosis induction. This gene has been shown to be involved in colorectal cancer progression.

Evaluation of microsatellite instability in tumor and tumor marginal samples of sporadic colorectal cancer using mononucleotide markers.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a unique molecular alteration that is due to a defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. Approximately, 15-20 % of sporadic colorectal cancers (CRC) display MSI. Determination of MSI status in CRC has prognostic and predictive implications.

Transcript Level of MicroRNA Processing Elements in Gastric Cancer.

Background: Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been implicated in the etiopathogenesis and development of various cancers. Drosha and Dicer are the main components of the miRNA biosynthesis machine. Another enzyme, DGCR8, is the assistant of Drosha in the processing complex.

Urtica dioica extract suppresses miR-21 and metastasis-related genes in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer has a high prevalence among women worldwide. Tumor invasion and metastasis still remains an open issue that causes most of the therapeutic failures and remains the prime cause of patient mortality. Hence, there is an unmet need to develop the most effective therapeutic approach with the lowest side effects and highest cytotoxicity that will effectively arrest or eradicate metastasis.

Aberrant methylated EDNRB can act as a potential diagnostic biomarker in sporadic colorectal cancer while KISS1 is controversial.

Cancers are among the most serious threats of human health worldwide. Survival and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) strongly depend on the early diagnosis. The aberrant methylation pattern of genes as a diagnostic biomarker can serve as a practical option for timely detection and contribute subsequently to the enhancement of survival rate in CRC patients, since methylation changes are not only frequent but also can occur in initial tumorogenesis stages.

Detection of aberrant methylated SEPT9 and NTRK3 genes in sporadic colorectal cancer patients as a potential diagnostic biomarker.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, and the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Timely detection of CRC in patients with earlier stages provides the highest rate of survival. Epigenetic alterations are important in the occurrence and progression of CRC, and represent the primary modifications of cancer cells.

Determination of safe margin in the surgical pathologic specimens of non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Background And Aim: Local recurrences of the tumor at the surgical margin are serious problems in pulmonary resections for lung cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the involved margins and safe distances of the resection sites from tumor for prevention of local recurrences.

Material And Methods: In this prospective study, 66 patients operated for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) from Jan 2006 to Sep 2008 were evaluated.

Ectopic Cushing's syndrome secondary to pulmonary carcinoid tumor.

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) overproduction within the pituitary gland or ectopically leads to hypercortisolism. In this study a case of Cushing's syndrome caused by an ectopic ACTH-secreting carcinoid tumor in lung is discussed, as are the available diagnostic procedures. The patient was a 28-year-old woman with clinical features starting about 6 months previously.

Diagnostic peritoneal lavage in hemodynamically stable patients with lower chest or anterior abdominal stab wounds.

Background: Managing hemodynamically stable patients with thoracoabdominal stab wounds is still under dispute. This study aimed at discussing cut-off points of red blood cell (RBC) count in diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) effluent in these patients.

Methods: Three hundred and eighty-eight patients with thoracoabdominal stab wounds and hemodynamically stable status were enrolled.