Identification of 8-(2-methyl phenyl)-9H-benzo[f]indeno[2,1-c]quinolin-9-one (C-5635020) as a novel and selective TGFβ RII kinase inhibitor for breast cancer therapy.

Objective And Significance: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) plays a pivotal role in breast development by modulating tissue composition during the developmental phase. The TGFβ type II receptor (TGFβ RII) is implicated in breast cancer and represents a valuable therapeutic target. Due to the off-target side effects of many existing TGFβI/TGFβ RII inhibitors, a more targeted approach to drug discovery is necessary.

Investigating the Mechanisms Involved in Scopolamine-induced Memory Degradation.

In the present study, the mechanisms involved in scopolamine-induced memory impairment have been investigated. The molecular events that take place during memory mostly include mechanisms that are seen in the acquisition phase. Results showed that one of the mechanisms of memory destruction caused by scopolamine, in addition to weakening the cholinergic system, is the indirect effect of scopolamine on other neurotransmitter systems, including the glutamatergic system.

A Systematic Review of the Role of Gummosin in Improving Memory in the Scopolamine Impaired Memory Model.

In this study, the role of gummosin in improving memory in the scopolamine memory impairment model was systematically examined. Memory and learning are the most developed and complex functions of the nervous system. Learning is the acquisition of new information that occurs as a change in behavior, and memory is the ability to store and retrieve learned information.

Al, P-co-doping and interface engineering synergistically boost the electrocatalytic performance of WS/NiS/NiS nanosheet heterostructure for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.

The fabrication of earth-abundant electrocatalysts capable of facilitating hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) is essential for creating sustainable hydrogen fuel by water splitting. Here, we present a one-pot hydrothermal approach for producing aluminum and phosphorus co-doped NiS/NiS/WS heterostructure hybrid frameworks on nickel foam. The optimal Al and Al, P/NiWS-b@NF catalyst exhibits high HER activity with overpotentials of 139 and 227 mV at current densities of 10 and 50 mA cm, respectively, thanks to the synergistic effect of the various constituents of the catalyst.

Hypertension clinical pathway: Experience of Aseer region, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a common chronic health problem with many complications and high morbidity rates. This study aimed to describe the HTN pathway, to assess the performance of screening and registration programs, to explore the challenges and suggest solutions for those challenges.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted in primary care centers in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia, at the end of 2022.

A Selective Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Quantitation of Ethylene and Diethylene Glycol in Paediatric Syrups.

Ethylene Glycol (EG) and diethylene Glycol (DEG) are two contaminants known to cause various human health problems. These glycols might be present in drug syrups that are based on glycerol, sorbitol, or polyethylene glycol. In late 2022, several batches of cough, antipyretics, and antihistamine syrups were reported to contain toxic levels of EG and DEG in multiple countries; this incident concerned the World Health Organization (WHO).

Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Its Correlates among Male Medical Students at the University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Identifying the potential factors of depression among medical students is the first step towards academic excellence and future safe medical practice.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at the University of Bisha, College of Medicine (UBCOM), Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia. Male medical students from year one to year six were involved.

Pioneering a paradigm shift in tissue engineering and regeneration with polysaccharides and proteins-based scaffolds: A comprehensive review.

In the realm of modern medicine, tissue engineering and regeneration stands as a beacon of hope, offering the promise of restoring form and function to damaged or diseased organs and tissues. Central to this revolutionary field are biological macromolecules-nature's own blueprints for regeneration. The growing interest in bio-derived macromolecules and their composites is driven by their environmentally friendly qualities, renewable nature, minimal carbon footprint, and widespread availability in our ecosystem.

Pituitary Apoplexy After a Major Abdominal Surgery: A Case Report.

Pituitary apoplexy is a major complication of pituitary adenoma, and the diagnosis might be challenging if the patient presents with signs of meningeal irritation or electrolyte imbalance. It can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. Apoplexy is the first clinical presentation in the majority of pituitary adenoma cases.

C-5401331 identified as a novel T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) inhibitor to control acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell proliferation.

T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) is a checkpoint protein expressed in exhausted T-cells during cancer scenarios. This exhaustion may end in T-cell effector dysfunction, resulting in suboptimal control of cancers like acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to block checkpoint receptors such as Tim-3 is an emerging, revolutionary concept in the immuno-oncology therapeutic arena; however, ICIs are not effective on myeloid malignancies.

Umbelliprenin via increase in the and attenuation of oxidative stress mitigates the autistic-like behaviors in mouse model of maternal separation stress.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition. Maternal separation (MS) stress is an early-life stress factor associated with behaviors resembling Autism. Both and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathophysiology of Autism.

High-throughput screening and evaluation of CSB-0914; a novel small molecule NF-κB inhibitor attenuating inflammatory responses through NF-κB, Nrf2 and HO-1 cross-talk.

Unpleasant side effects of standard inflammatory drugs urges search for novel therapeutic candidates. This study aims in identifying novel anti-inflammatory NF-κB inhibitor by high-throughput computational and in-vitro pre-clinical approaches. Lead candidate selection was conducted by the use of computational docking molecular-dynamic simulations.

Identification of potential inhibitors targeting Ebola virus VP35 protein: a computational strategy.

Ebola virus (EBOV) poses a severe threat as a highly infectious pathogen, causing devastating hemorrhagic fever in both humans and animals. The EBOV virus VP35 protein plays a crucial role in viral replication and exhibits the ability to suppress the host interferon cascade, leading to immune system depletion. As a potential drug target, VP35 protein inhibition holds promise for combating EBOV.

Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) Orders' Awareness and Perception Among Physicians: a National Survey.

Background: The concept of do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders began when medical and surgical interventions increased the possibility of resuscitation in dying patients. Healthcare providers should start to care more about the quality of life rather than quantity. The acceptance of signing DNR orders varies among physicians owing to different reasons and conceptions.

Possible role of NO/NMDA pathway in the autistic-like behaviors induced by maternal separation stress in mice.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder. Maternal separation (MS) stress is an established model of early-life stress associated with autistic-like behaviors. Altered glutamatergic and nitrergic neurotransmissions may contribute to the pathophysiology of ASD.

Identification by molecular dynamic simulation and in vitro validation of SISB-A1, N-[1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-2-[(2-oxo-4-phenyl-2H-chromen-7-yl) oxy], as an inhibitor of the Abl mutant kinase to combat imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia.

The discovery of imatinib, a specific inhibitor of Abl kinase, revolutionized the therapeutic approach to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); however, its efficacy can be impeded by the emergence of novel mutations within the kinase domain, particularly Abl, that lead to the development of drug resistance. It therefore remains necessary to identify specific inhibitors that can effectively target imatinib-resistant CML harboring the Abl mutation. A natural product library sourced from the ZINC database was screened against the experimental structure of Abl kinase to identify compounds that selectively target the mutated kinase.

Telogen effluvium and COVID-19: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: COVID-19 is a febrile infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus affects several organs, including the skin. Acute telogen effluvium (TE) is a non-scarring hair loss characterized by diffuse hair shedding that begins three months after a stressful event and can last up to six months.

Comparing Thyroidectomy Techniques, Surgical Loupe and Neuromonitoring Between ENT and Endocrine Surgeons-an Observational Study.

Thyroid surgery is performed by ENT head and neck (ENT-HNS), endocrine (ES) and general surgeons (GS). Each modality adopts different surgical techniques causing difference in outcome, operative time and postoperative complication. A retrospective chart review of thyroid surgeries performed by two ENT-HNS, three ES of a single tertiary center was conducted.

Association of serum leptin and resistin levels among obese Saudi patients with acute myocardial infarction in Asir region.

In the current scenario, the importance of cardiac biomarkers in diagnosing, assessing, and managing people with cardiovascular discomfort is required. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between serum leptin and resistin levels among obese people with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with varying body mass index (BMI). The cardio and diabetic biomarkers among the 77 Saudi patients with hypoxia who lived in the Asir region were analyzed in the study.

The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Academic Stress among Medical Students of King Khalid University: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.

Medical students are the category of academic population with the highest levels of stress. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of academic stress among medical students in Saudi Arabia and to identify its associated factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine at King Khalid University, Abha.

Anticancer efficacy of 3-(4-isopropyl) benzylidene-8-ethoxy, 6-methyl, chroman-4-one (SBL-060), a novel, dual, estrogen receptor-Akt kinase inhibitor in acute myeloid leukemia cells.

Estrogen receptor (ER) α is expressed in a subset of patient-derived acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, whereas Akt is predominantly expressed in most types of AML. Targeting AML with dual inhibitors is a novel approach to combat the disease. Herein, we examined a novel small molecule, 3-(4-isopropyl) benzylidene-8-ethoxy,6-methyl, chroman-4-one (SBL-060), capable of targeting AML cells by inhibiting ERα and Akt kinase.

Protective effects of vanillic acid on autistic-like behaviors in a rat model of maternal separation stress: Behavioral, electrophysiological, molecular and histopathological alterations.

Compounds derived from herbs exhibit a range of biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. However, the exact mechanism of action of these compounds in various neurological disorders is not fully discovered yet. Herein, the present work detected the effect of Vanillic acid (VA), a widely-used flavoring agent derived from vanillin, on autistic-like behaviors to assess the probable underlying mechanisms that mediate behavioral, electrophysiological, molecular, and histopathological alterations in the rat model of maternal separation (MS) stress.

Neuroprotective properties of Betulin, Betulinic acid, and Ursolic acid as triterpenoids derivatives: a comprehensive review of mechanistic studies.

Cognitive deficits are the main outcome of neurological disorders whose occurrence has risen over the past three decades. Although there are some pharmacologic approaches approved for managing neurological disorders, it remains largely ineffective. Hence, exploring novel nature-based nutraceuticals is a pressing need to alleviate the results of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders.