Objectives: Seizures are changes in the electrical activity of the brain. These changes can cause significant or otherwise asymptomatic symptoms. Phenobarbital and phenytoin are known drugs for treating neonatal seizures, but little clinical experience exists using other drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although infrequent, Sydenham's chorea (SC) may occur as a result of injury to the basal ganglia in children with acute rheumatic fever (ARF) secondary to group A Streptococcal infection. Certain hallmarks of SC, such as movement disorders, could be utilized as a predictive marker for carditis. The present study aimed to investigate neurologic and cardiologic symptoms in children with suspected SC after ARF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of mortality worldwide. There are several potential risk factors responsible for the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer, including age, family history, a history of inflammatory bowel disease, and lifestyle factors such as physical activity and diet. For decades, there has been a vast amount of study on treatment approaches for colorectal cancer, which has led to conventional therapies such as chemotherapy, surgery, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Given that deficiency in B vitamins can lead to the accumulation of homocysteine (Hcy), and hyperhomocysteinemia may have a role in migraine pathogenesis, the present prospective randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin B-complex supplementation on the alleviation of migraine in children through a possible reduction in Hcy levels.
Materials & Methods: Ninety children under 15 years of age suffering from typical migraine were included in the present trial. They were randomly assigned into two groups (forty-five patients in each group) to receive either vitamin B-complex or a matching placebo for six months.
Recurrent seizures in epilepsy may lead to progressive neuronal damage, which can diminish health-related quality of life. Evaluation and control of pathological processes in the brain is valuable. It seems imperative that new markers and approaches for seizure alleviation be discovered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeoplasms are a worldwide recognized non-contagious disease which has the most mortality rate after cardiovascular diseases. For decades, there has been a vast amount of study on treatment methods of cancer which has led to conventional therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery and so on. Clinicians and researchers believed that there is an urgent need, considering the high rate of incidence and prevalence, for an alternative treatment option which is more efficacious and has less adverse effects than the above-mentioned treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are specific sensors that directly recognize various molecules derived from viral or bacterial pathogens, senescent cells, damaged cells, and apoptotic cells. These sensors act as a bridge between nonspecific and specific immunity in humans. PRRs in human innate immunity were classified into six types: toll-like receptors (TLR), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-like receptors (ALRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the past fifteen years, it has been clear that tumor-associated p53 mutations can cause behaviors distinct from those brought on by a simple loss of p53's tumor-suppressive function in its wild-type form. Many of these mutant p53 proteins develop oncogenic characteristics that allow them to encourage cell survival, invasion, and metastasis. But it is now understood that the immune response is also significantly influenced by the cancer cell's p53 status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne of the most prevalent cancers impacting women worldwide is breast cancer. Although there are several risk factors for breast cancer, the p53 gene's function has recently received much attention. The "gatekeeper" gene, or p53, is sometimes referred to as such since it is crucial in controlling cell proliferation and preventing the development of malignant cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Computed tomography (CT) scans are used more frequently in medical centers, increasing unnecessary requests for it as a first-line evaluation. This study aimed to investigate the rate and prevalence of abnormal findings in a brain CT scan in children at the Children's Hospital of Tabriz, Iran.
Materials &methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study that included all children under 15 years old undergoing a brain CT scan at the Children's Hospital of Tabriz, Iran.
This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and febrile seizure (FS). Our study was registered with the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021259944). Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest Central were searched, and finally, 17 studies were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, TRIP, Google Scholar, and ProQuest up to the 8th of August 2022. This was done to retrieve eligible studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of different types, causes, and abnormal findings of brain computed tomography scan (CT scan) and ultrasonography (US) and multichannel- electroencephalography (EEG) in neonates with seizure. The ability of brain CT scan was also compared with US in terms of detecting the underlying causes of neonatal seizures.
Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the medical records of 90 neonates younger than 28 days with the definite diagnosis of seizure were reviewed.
In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the role of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS). The most recent update to the search was on July 18, 2022, through the databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment of included studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn light of the growing emphasis on classifying stroke patients for different levels of monitoring intensity and emergency treatments, we conducted a systematic review of a wide range of clinical studies, according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, with no restrictions on the language or publication date, to analyze the potential of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an early neurological deterioration (END) risk predictor. A comprehensive search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from the inception to March 13, 2022. Nine articles were included in our study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPompe disease (PD) is a rare autosomal recessive multi-systemic lysosomal storage disorder, caused by mutations in the acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) gene located on 17q25.2-q25.3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Adverse effects of VPA were studied in many reports, however, a dose-response relationship between VPA and its metabolites in epilepsy patients are extremely limited. In this paper, a high efficient method was developed for the preconcentration and determination of VPA and its main metabolite in plasma.
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