Allostatic Load as a Mediator and Perceived Chronic Stress as a Moderator in the Association between Maternal Mental Health and Preterm Birth: A Prospective Cohort Study of Pregnant Women in Pakistan.

Introduction: The complex biopsychosocial pathways linking maternal mental health with preterm birth (PTB) are not well understood. This study aimed to explore allostatic load (AL) as a mediator and perceived chronic stress as a moderator in the pathway linking maternal mental health and PTB.

Methods: A cohort study of pregnant women (n = 1,567) recruited at clinic visits within 10-19 weeks of gestation was assessed for maternal mental health (i.

Molecular Detection of a Pathogenic among Symptomatic Children in Eastern Kurdistan of Iraq.

infects the large intestine of humans, causing a spectrum of clinical appearances ranging from asymptomatic colonization to severe intestinal and extra-intestinal disease. The parasite is identical microscopically to commensal nonpathogenic amoeba. To detect the pathogenic and estimate the precise prevalence of the parasite among the symptomatic pediatric population using molecular techniques.

Highly sensitive nested polymerase chain reaction to improve the detection of species in clinical specimens.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most neglected tropical diseases and an important health problem in many countries. It is an endemic disease in most regions of Iraq, while being non-endemic in the Kurdistan Region. The techniques frequently used for detection of CL are not very sensitive.

Molecular-based assay for genotyping spp. from clinically suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions in the Garmian area, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is highly prevalent in southern Iraq and neighboring countries, but is non-endemic to the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, particularly in the Garmian area. This study aimed to investigate the causative agent of CL at the molecular level by amplifying the small subunit (18S) rRNA and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region. The present study was conducted from December 2019 to December 2020 at Kalar General Hospital, Kalar, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

Residual Refractive Astigmatism following Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation without Consideration of Posterior Corneal Astigmatism during Cataract Surgery with Low Anterior Keratometric Astigmatism upto 2.5 Dioptres.

: To determine the refractive astigmatism following toric intraocular lens (tIOL) implantation without consideration of posterior keratometric astigmatism with a conventional tIOL calculator for eyes with low keratometric astigmatism (0.75D to 2.5D) and to theoretically compare the outcomes with predicted refractive astigmatism using a calculator with Barrett's formula.

Influence of peripheral corneal relaxing incisions during cataract surgery for corneal astigmatism up to 2.5 dioptres on corneal densitometry.

Purpose: To assess the effect of peripheral corneal relaxing incisions (PCRI) for astigmatism between 0.75 and 2.5 dioptres during cataract surgery on corneal densitometry (CD).

Medication Adherence Apps: Review and Content Analysis.

Background: Medication adherence is an expensive and damaging problem for patients and health care providers. Patients adhere to only 50% of drugs prescribed for chronic diseases in developed nations. Digital health has paved the way for innovative smartphone solutions to tackle this challenge.

Toric Intraocular Lenses Versus Peripheral Corneal Relaxing Incisions for Astigmatism Between 0.75 and 2.5 Diopters During Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes after toric intraocular lens (tIOL) or peripheral corneal relaxing incisions (PCRI) for keratometric astigmatism (K) between 0.75 and 2.5 diopters (D) during cataract surgery.

Bengal macrothrombocytopenia is not totally an innocuous condition.

Inherited macrothrombocytopenia is a subgroup of thrombocytopenias, and is characterised by the presence of giant platelets and decreased platelet count with variable bleeding manifestations. Bengal macrothrombocytopenia is a newly described entity, previously called asymptomatic constitutional macrothrombocytopenia (ACMT), presented with variable bleeding tendencies; with mild to severe thrombocytopenia and macro-platelets in their peripheral blood smear and it is not totally an innocuous condition as described previously.

A novel mutation in GP1BA gene leads to mono-allelic Bernard Soulier syndrome form of macrothrombocytopenia.

Inherited macrothrombocytopenia is one of the subgroup of inherited thrombocytopenias with variable bleeding tendencies presenting with low platelet count and giant platelets and different gene mutations are involved in its molecular pathophysiology and affect various cell functions. Herein, we describe a family with an isolated giant platelet disorder with variable bleeding diathesis with autosomal mode of inheritance.

Differential expression of genes involved in Bengal macrothrombocytopenia (BMTCP).

Bengal macrothrombocytopenia (BMTCP) is a giant platelet disorder with mild to moderate thrombocytopenia, clinically characterized by mild bleeding symptoms to totally asymptomatic condition. The pathophysiological mechanism of this condition is not fully understood yet. In the present study, 5 subjects (P1-P5) with BMTCP whose platelet counts ranged between 36140X10(9)/l and mean platelet volume (MPV)13.

The Epidemiology of FVIII Inhibitors in Indian Haemophilia A Patients.

A serious complication of replacement therapy in patients with bleeding disorders is the development of 'inhibitors', particularly FVIII inhibitors in haemophilia A patients. This leads to an increase in the management cost, morbidity and mortality, especially post-operatively. The mechanism of FVIII inhibitor development is quite complex and it is difficult to predict inhibitor development, but a prompt and accurate diagnosis is critical as early therapy can save lives.

Single cell analysis exposes intratumor heterogeneity and suggests that FLT3-ITD is a late event in leukemogenesis.

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 receptor-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) commonly occurs in acute myeloid leukemia and is considered rare in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Acute leukemia has poor prognosis, mainly due to relapse. Standard FLT3-ITD diagnostic techniques are based on genomic polymerase chain reaction and have recently incorporated GeneScan (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) to identify variations of the FLT3 gene.

Novel genetic abnormalities in Bernard-Soulier syndrome in India.

Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is a severe inherited bleeding disorder due to defects in GPIb/IX/V, a platelet receptor that normally functions as a platelet membrane receptor for von Willebrand factor, thrombin and factor XI. BSS results from mutations in GP1BA, GP1BB or GP9 genes. In 15 patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome from Western India, we amplified the entire coding sequences of GP1BA, GP1BB and GP9 genes and directly sequenced them.

Molecular pathology of Bernard-Soulier syndrome in Indian patients.

Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is an extremely rare form of platelet adhesion disorder caused by genetic changes occurring in the glycoprotein genes GPIbα, GPIbβ and GPIX with autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Eight patients from seven unrelated families from Western India were included in this study. Diagnosis of BSS was based on low platelet count, presence of giant platelets in peripheral smear, normal screening coagulation tests, reduced or absence of platelet response to ristocetin in aggregometry studies and reduced or lack of expression of GPIb/IX/V complex on platelet surface in flow cytometry studies.

Invest in diversity.

Eighteen years ago, a young gay man was recruited to an NHS organisation in the north west of England during the initial panic about AIDS. 'We have recruited you because we have to,' he was told. 'But do not come anywhere near us.

Allele frequency distribution for 15 autosomal STR loci in Afridi Pathan population of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Allele frequencies of the 15 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D3S1358, THO1, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D5S818 and FGA were determined in Afridi Pathan population of Uttar Pradesh, India. All the 15 STR loci studied were found to be highly polymorphic with respect to observed heterozygosity values. Adherence to the expectations of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was confirmed for all the loci with an exception of TPOX and FGA.