Effect of melatonin on insomnia and daytime sleepiness, in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia (COMISA): A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.

Background: COMISA is a common disorder that results in nighttime awakenings ,daytime sleepiness and PAP intolerance. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is used to improve PAP adherence and no medication has been evaluated in such population yet. Melatonin with its chronobiotic and antioxidant effects may have potential benefits on COMISA consequences at the appropriate dose and time.

A placebo-controlled, crossover trial to investigate the efficacy of tiotropium bromide or placebo added to usual care in stable symptomatic post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS).

Background: Despite the fundamental progress in hematopoietic stem cell transplant, this treatment is also associated with complications. Graft-versus-host disease is a possible complication of HSCT. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the pulmonary form of this syndrome.

A review of the therapeutic potential of the cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist Montelukast in the treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome following lung and hematopoietic-stem cell transplantation and its possible mechanisms.

Lung and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are therapeutic modalities in chronic pulmonary and hematological diseases, respectively. One of the complications in these patients is the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). The efficacy and safety of available treatment strategies in BOS remain a challenge.

Comparison of corticosteroids types, dexamethasone, and methylprednisolone in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: COVID-19 is associated with severe pneumonia lung damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and mortality. In this study, we aimed to compare corticosteroids' effect on the mortality risk in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase, were searched using a predesigned search strategy.

Design and evaluation of a Mobile-Based decision support system to enhance lung transplant candidate assessment and management: knowledge translation integrated with clinical workflow.

Background: Accurate and timely decision-making in lung transplantation (LTx) programs is critical. The main objective of this study was to develop a mobile-based evidence-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) to enhance the management of lung transplant candidates.

Method: An iterative participatory software development process was employed to develop the ImamLTx CDSS.

Vincristine-Induced Seizure from Drug Interactions: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Vincristine (VCR) as a key drug for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with neurotoxicity. We present a young man with a history of controlled childhood seizures who was diagnosed with pre-B-cell ALL and developed generalized tonic-clonic seizures following the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 8811 regimen. The patient also received oral itraconazole to prevent fungal infection initiated by chemotherapy.

Feasibility study and determination of prerequisites of telecare programme to enhance patient management in lung transplantation: a qualitative study from the perspective of Iranian healthcare providers.

Background: Non-adherence to treatment plans, follow-up visits and healthcare advice is a common obstacle in the management of lung transplant patients. This study aims to investigate experts' views on the needs and main aspects of telecare programmes for lung transplantation.

Design: A qualitative study incorporating an inductive thematic analysis.

High-dose Intravenous Vitamin C in Early Stages of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: Based on previous studies in the sepsis population, Vitamin C could prevent injuries when administered in high doses and before the damage is established. This study aimed to evaluate the protective potentials of high-dose Vitamin C in the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted.

Respiratory Bacterial and Fungal Superinfections During the Third Surge of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran.

We characterized bacterial and fungal superinfection and evaluated the antimicrobial resistance profile against the most common superinfection-causing pathogens (, , and ). In a cross-sectional study, 192 respiratory samples were collected from patients with and without SARS-COV-2 admitted to a teaching hospital in Tehran. Superinfection proportions and the antibiotic resistance profile were assessed and compared with demographic, comorbidities, and other clinical factors.

Rapid implementation of telepharmacy service to improve patient-centric care and multidisciplinary collaboration across hospitals in a COVID era: A cross-sectional qualitative study.

Background And Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic forced healthcare systems to apply new technology-based solutions. The main objective of our study was to describe the conceptual model for rapid implementation of telepharmacy service and the main steps that should be considered.

Method: In response to a limited number of on-site clinical pharmacy specialists and a lack of technology infrastructure, a cross-sectional telepharmacy program was established to support major teaching hospitals.

Case series of nebulizing r-tPA for COVID-19 induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Fibrin deposition in the alveolar spaces during pulmonary involvement of COVID-19 impairs the O/CO exchange and leads to respiratory symptoms. In this report, Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator (r-tPA) has been nebulized to 3 critically ill COVID-19 patients in order to resolve the deposited fibrin while avoiding the risk of bleeding. Based on these observations, nebulization of r-tPA may be a potential therapeutic approach and new area of research for future studies.

Pharmacotherapy consideration of thrombolytic medications in COVID-19-associated ARDS.

Background: In late 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), was identified as the new pathogen to lead pneumonia in Wuhan, China, which has spread all over the world and developed into a pandemic. Despite the over 1 year of pandemic, due to the lack of an effective treatment plan, the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 remains high. Efforts are underway to find the optimal management for this viral disease.

Adherence to practice guidelines for the management of febrile neutropenia in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An observational study in a referral center in Iran.

Introduction: Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are suspected to develop febrile neutropenia (FN) and severe infections. Therefore, appropriate prescription of antibiotics in these patients is crucial to reduce the rates of morbidity, mortality, and antimicrobial resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the physicians' prescription and adherence to the FN clinical guidelines among patients undergoing HSCT.

Efficacy and Safety of Different Dosage of Recombinant Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (rt-PA) in the Treatment of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Reperfusion therapies are recommended for patients with hemodynamic instability or high-risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Lower doses of tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) could be considered to improve bleeding complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a reduced dose of rt-PA for the treatment of acute PE, compared with anticoagulation and standard dose.

Efficacy of Glucocorticoid Administration in Patients with Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies.

Background: The pathophysiology of cardiac arrest (CA) involves over-activation of systemic inflammatory responses, relative adrenal insufficiency, and glycocalyx damage. Corticosteroids have beneficial effects in preventing the perturbation of the endothelial glycocalyx.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of glucocorticoids in patients with cardiac arrest.

Is Inhaler Technique Associated with Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Background: Inhalers are the mainstay of treatment for patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, incorrect inhaler technique is a considerable challenge.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate inhaler technique and its association with quality of life in a sample of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Systematic review of using medical informatics in lung transplantation studies.

Background: Lung transplantation is one of the advanced treatment options performed even in patients suffering from end-stage lung disease. Due to the positive results of medical informatics in other fields of medicine, lung transplant researchers have also conducted remarkable studies to improve transplant outcomes. The main objective of this article was to review the current studies of health information technology used in lung transplantation.

Evaluation of Amikacin Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Patients with Intra-abdominal Sepsis.

Although the current widespread use of amikacin is in intra-abdominal sepsis treatment, its pharmacokinetic changes in the present setting are not yet well known. This study was aimed to evaluate the amikacin pharmacokinetic profile in critically ill patients with intraabdominal sepsis compared to pneumosepsis. Adult septic patients received amikacin therapy were studied.

Therapeutic effects of nebulized verapamil on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized and double-blind clinical trial.

Objectives: In this study, we assessed the clinical effect of inhaled verapamil on hospitalized COPD patients in a randomized and double-blind study.

Method: COPD patients randomly received 10 mg of inhaled verapamil or 4 cc nebulized distilled water (DW) as placebo.

Results: Twenty patients enrolled in each group with no difference in baseline characteristics.

A case of Extrapulmonary intrathoracic hydatidosis with pseudochylothorax.

is a great re-emerging public health issue. Intrathoracic and extra pulmonary hydatid cysts with pseudochylothorax are rare. There is no standard treatment in case of hydatidosis with pseudochylothorax.

The Effect of Dextromethorphan Premedication on Cough and Patient Tolerance During Flexible Bronchoscopy: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Background: Patients undergoing bronchoscopy can experience problems such as anxiety and cough, requiring various doses of sedatives and analgesics. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of premedication with dextromethorphan on patients' cough and anxiety, and the use of analgesics/sedatives during flexible bronchoscopy (FB).

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective study was performed to assess the effect of dextromethorphan premedication on patients who underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy.

The effects of Alkanna tinctoria Tausch on split-thickness skin graft donor site management: a randomized, blinded placebo-controlled trial.

Background: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to compare the healing effectiveness of Alkanna tinctoria (L.) Tausch (Boraginaceae) with standard dressing on wound healing at the donor site after removal of the skin graft.

Methods: Enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive topicalA.

Topical Application of Honey on Surgical Wounds: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of honey and its ability to accelerate wound healing make it an attractive option in surgical wound care. We performed a randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy of honey dressing with conventional dressing regarding the aesthetic outcome.

Patients And Methods: Bilateral symmetric incisions in randomly selected plastic surgical patients were randomly covered postoperatively with conventional dressing and honey dressing for five days.

Evaluation of febrile neutropenia in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and causes of fever as a major problem contributing to transplantation related mortality among patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and evaluation of antibiotic use, according to reliable guidelines.We retrospectively reviewed hospital records of 195 adult patients who underwent HSCT between 2009-2011 at hematology-oncology and bone marrow transplantation research center. Baseline information and also data related to fever and neutropenia, patient's outcomes, duration of hospitalization and antibiotic use pattern were documented.