Racial and Gender Disparities for Glaucoma Treatment Rates in Upstate New York.

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness around the world. Black individuals are two times more likely to be diagnosed with glaucoma compared to White individuals. In 2019, the prevalence of glaucoma in Monroe County was highest amongst older individuals aged 85 and non-Hispanic Blacks.

Functional Outcomes of Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Versus Quadrupled Semitendinosus and Gracilis Autografts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with autografts has been available for decades; however, the choice of graft is still debated. Here, we compared the functional outcomes of the two most widely used autografts, bone-patella tendon-bone (BPTB) and quadruple-stranded semitendinosus/gracilis (ST/G) autografts, at six months following ACLR. Materials and methods This prospective study was performed in the Department of Orthopedics of Yenepoya Medical College and Hospital located in Mangalore, Karnataka, India, a tertiary care institute over a period of 18 months (November 2018 to April 2020).

Analysis of the Functional Outcome of Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using the Central Quadriceps Tendon Graft.

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common, particularly among athletes, and often result in knee instability and decreased functionality. Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction is the standard treatment, typically using a patellar tendon bone graft (PTBG) or hamstring tendon graft (HTG). The central quadriceps tendon graft (QTG) has been proposed as a superior alternative due to its structural properties.

Potential of active learning in dentistry: A comparative study of Jigsaw versus inquired-based learning.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Jigsaw and Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) methods in promoting effective learning outcomes within diverse dental educational settings.

Methods: A total of 188 dental undergraduate students were recruited for the study and divided into Batch A (n = 96) and Batch B (n = 92). Each batch underwent two teaching sessions, one using the Jigsaw method and the other using IBL.

Mining genomic regions associated with agronomic and biochemical traits in quinoa through GWAS.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), an Andean crop, is a facultative halophyte food crop recognized globally for its high nutritional value and plasticity to adapt to harsh conditions. We conducted a genome-wide association study on a diverse set of quinoa germplasm accessions.

An Audit of Orthopaedic Discharge Summaries Comparing Electronic With Handwritten Summaries: A Quality Improvement Project.

Introduction Discharge summaries (DS), which are sent from inpatient to outpatient settings, transmit critical clinical information. DS play a crucial role in the discharge process since they provide critical information about the patients that is simple to remember and help with patient follow-up in the community. This audit sought to determine if a quality improvement (QI) program may have an influence on the severity of mistakes at the moment of discharge and to assess the existing degree of inconsistencies on handwritten DS for orthopaedic patients.

Complications following Breast Augmentation in Transfeminine Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Breast augmentation is the most commonly performed procedure for gender affirmation in transfeminine individuals. Although adverse events among breast augmentation in cisgender women are well described, their relative incidence in transfeminine patients is less elucidated. This study aims to compare complication rates after breast augmentation between cisgender women and transfeminine patients and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of breast augmentation in transfeminine individuals.

Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a ubiquitous pathogen associated with a wide spectrum of human infections. In recent decades, MRSA infections have been increasingly reported in individuals without established risk factors, infecting immunocompetent members of the community. This emergence is attributed to the production of various virulence factors, notably Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL).

Synergistic antimicrobial effect of ascorbic acid and nicotinamide with rifampicin and vancomycin against SCC type IV methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a pathogenic bacteria involved in a wide spectrum of human diseases. Many virulence factors promote this widespread propagation. One important factor is acquiring antibiotic resistance genes, which leads to a reduction in the availability and efficacy of therapy options.

The Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Nicotinamide on Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Cytotoxicity: An Ex Vivo Study.

Background: Panton−Valentine Leukocidin sustains a strong cytotoxic activity, targeting immune cells and, consequently, perforating the plasma membrane and inducing cell death. The present study is aimed to examine the individual effect of ascorbic acid and nicotinamide on PVL cytotoxicity ex vivo, as well as their effect on granulocytes viability when treated with PVL. Materials and Methods: The PVL cytotoxicity assay was performed in triplicates using the commercial Cytotoxicity Detection Kit PLUS (LDH).

Expression of syndecan-1 in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study.

Background: Syndecans are a family of transmembrane proteins, belonging to heparin sulphate proteoglycan family and are localized entirely to the epithelial cells with the stratified squamous epithelia. They are involved in cell-cell adhesion and interaction with the extracellular matrix and play a critical role in cell growth, differentiation, cell morphology, and migration. The down regulation of syndecan-1 indicates loss of cellular adhesion and possibility of invasion.

Genetic networks underlying salinity tolerance in wheat uncovered with genome-wide analyses and selective sweeps.

A genetic framework underpinning salinity tolerance at reproductive stage was revealed by genome-wide SNP markers and major adaptability genes in synthetic-derived wheats, and trait-associated loci were used to predict phenotypes. Using wild relatives of crops to identify genes related to improved productivity and resilience to climate extremes is a prioritized area of crop genetic improvement. High salinity is a widespread crop production constraint, and development of salt-tolerant cultivars is a sustainable solution.

Genomic Regions Associated With Salinity Stress Tolerance in Tropical Maize ().

Being a widely cultivated crop globally under diverse climatic conditions and soil types, maize is often exposed to an array of biotic and abiotic stresses. Soil salinity is one of the challenges for maize cultivation in many parts of lowland tropics that significantly affects crop growth and reduces economic yields. Breeding strategies integrated with molecular approach might accelerate the process of identifying and developing salinity-tolerant maize cultivars.

Orphan Crops: A Best Fit for Dietary Enrichment and Diversification in Highly Deteriorated Marginal Environments.

Orphan crops are indigenous and invariably grown by small and marginal farmers under subsistence farming systems. These crops, which are common and widely accepted by local farmers, are highly rich in nutritional profile, good for medicinal purposes, and well adapted to suboptimal growing conditions. However, these crops have suffered neglect and abandonment from the scientific community because of very low or no investments in research and genetic improvement.

Probiotics: Potential novel therapeutics for microbiota-gut-brain axis dysfunction across gender and lifespan.

Probiotics are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts, present a health benefit for the host. While the beneficial effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal function are generally well recognized, new animal research and clinical studies have found that alterations in gut microbial communities can have a broad range of effects throughout the body. Non-intestinal sites impacted include the immune, endocrine, cardiovascular and the central nervous system (CNS).

Plasma-Initiated Graft Polymerization of Acrylic Acid onto Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide as a Platform for Immobilization of Water-Oxidation Catalysts.

The discovery of new and versatile strategies for the immobilization of molecular water-oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is crucial for developing clean energy conversion devices [e.g., (photo)electrocatalytic cells for water splitting].

Hippocampal monoamine changes in the Flinders sensitive line rat: A case for the possible use of selective α-AR-antagonists in stress and anxiety disorders in companion animals.

Non-selective α-adrenoreceptor (AR) stimulation delivers favourable sedative, analgesic, muscle relaxant and anxiolytic actions in companion animals, but is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory side effects. Anxiety conditions underscore monoamine disturbances amenable to α-AR modulation. We investigated sub-chronic (14 day s.

Application of the PET ligand [C]ORM-13070 to examine receptor occupancy by the α-adrenoceptor antagonist ORM-12741: translational validation of target engagement in rat and human brain.

Background: Availability of the α-adrenoceptor (α-AR) positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [C]ORM-13070, and the α-AR antagonist ORM-12741 allows probing of the roles of this G-protein coupled receptor subtype in brain function, both in healthy humans and in patients with various brain disorders. This translational study employed [C]ORM-13070 autoradiography and PET to determine α-AR occupancy by ORM-12741 in rat and human brain, respectively.

Results: ORM-12741 has high affinity (K: 0.

A patient with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: A diagnostic dilemma.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a usual presentation of pulmonary vasculitis. However, several rare conditions have a similar presentation. We present a 73-year-old man with DAH whose diagnosis only became conclusive near the end of his life.

Barley yield formation under abiotic stress depends on the interplay between flowering time genes and environmental cues.

Since the dawn of agriculture, crop yield has always been impaired through abiotic stresses. In a field trial across five locations worldwide, we tested three abiotic stresses, nitrogen deficiency, drought and salinity, using HEB-YIELD, a selected subset of the wild barley nested association mapping population HEB-25. We show that barley flowering time genes Ppd-H1, Sdw1, Vrn-H1 and Vrn-H3 exert pleiotropic effects on plant development and grain yield.

The Genome Sequence of the Wild Tomato Provides Insights Into Salinity Tolerance.

, a wild relative of cultivated tomato, offers a wealth of breeding potential for desirable traits such as tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Here, we report the genome assembly and annotation of 'LA0480.' Moreover, we present phenotypic data from one field experiment that demonstrate a greater salinity tolerance for fruit- and yield-related traits in compared with cultivated tomato.

Biochemical and Functional Characterization of the Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1) Agonist RO5263397.

Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor, which signals through elevating intracellular cAMP levels, and expressed in most vertebrates, including rodents and humans. In recent years, several lines of evidence indicated the role of TAAR1 in the regulation of dopaminergic system and its importance in physiological processes such as locomotion, control of emotional states and cognition. In our study, we used RO5263397, a selective TAAR1 agonist, as a tool and characterized its pharmacology in HEK293 cells and its effects in tests assessing potential antidepressant and antipsychotic actions.

Evaluation of magnesium levels in blood and saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant disorders by xylidyl blue method.

Background: Cancer is Latinized from Greek word 'karkinos' meaning crab, denoting how carcinoma extends its claws like a crab into adjacent tissues. It has been well established by researchers that virtually all oral cancer are preceded by visible clinical changes in the oral mucosa usually in the form of white or red patch (two-step process of cancer development). Mg is an essential mineral that is needed for a broad variety of physiological functions.

Evaluation of Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oil from Leaves of against Three Mosquito Species.

Background: To study the chemical constituents and larvicidal activity of essential oil extracted from the leaves of against three mosquito species.

Methods: Essential oil was extracted by hydro distillation using clevenger apparatus and was analyzed for chemical constituents by gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Larvicidal activity was recorded after 12 and 24h of post-exposure against three mosquito species, , and .