Stroke Mimics: A Case of John Cunningham Virus-Induced Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare, often fatal neurological disorder caused by the John Cunningham virus (JCV). It affects immunocompromised individuals, leading to brain demyelination. Diagnosis involves MRI scans and JCV detection in cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid.

Glycemic status underlies increased arterial stiffness and impaired endothelial function in migrant South Asian stroke survivors compared to European Caucasians: pathophysiological insights from the West Birmingham Stroke Project.

Background: The pathophysiology of an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease mortality among South Asians (SA) remains unclear. Indices of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are independent markers of vascular disease, having both prognostic and diagnostic implications. We hypothesized that there are ethnic variations in indices of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction between SA and European Caucasian (EC) stroke patients, which may underline a poorer prognosis in the former, and further investigated promoters of vessel wall abnormalities.

Management of transient ischaemic attacks.

Symptoms compatible with a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) are a common reason to seek medical attention. Most TIAs resolve within an hour and leave no residual symptoms or signs. This can make the diagnosis problematic, but perhaps more importantly, can lead both patient and doctor to underestimate the importance of the event, and the urgency with which it should be addressed.