Negative and positive association rules mining from text using frequent and infrequent itemsets.

Association rule mining research typically focuses on positive association rules (PARs), generated from frequently occurring itemsets. However, in recent years, there has been a significant research focused on finding interesting infrequent itemsets leading to the discovery of negative association rules (NARs). The discovery of infrequent itemsets is far more difficult than their counterparts, that is, frequent itemsets.

Comparison of the BISAP scores for predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis in Chinese patients according to the latest Atlanta classification.

Background: The bedside index of severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) is a new, convenient, prognostic multifactor scoring system. As there were no studies designed to validate this system according to the latest Atlanta classification in China and more data are needed before clinical application, we compared BISAP, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Ranson scoring systems in predicting the severity, pancreatic necrosis and mortality of acute pancreatitis (AP) using the latest 2012 Atlanta classification in a tertiary care center in China.

Methods: The medical records of all patients with AP admitted to our hospitals between January 2010 and June 2013 were reviewed retrospectively.

Protein expression of eIF4E and integrin αvβ6 in colon cancer can predict clinical significance, reveal their correlation and imply possible mechanism of interaction.

Background: Both eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and integrin αvβ6 play an important role in the development and progression of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of eIF4E and Integrin αvβ6, their clinical significance as well as the two proteins' correlation in colonic carcinoma tissues.

Results: The expression levels of eIF4E and integrin αvβ6 were analyzed in colon cancerous and paraneoplastic tissues of 138 cases via tissue microarray (TMA)- immunohistochemistry.

Diagnosis and treatment experience of rectal carcinoid (a report of 312 cases).

Objective: To explore the diagnosis of rectal carcinoid tumors and to adopt the best method of treatment.

Patients And Methods: A group of 312 cases of pathologically confirmed rectal carcinoid were analyzed retrospectively. Data were obtained retrospectively from a database of all colorectal malignancies at Qilu Hospital from January 2004 to December 2012.

Relationship between heavy metals concentrations in egret species, their environment and food chain differences from two Headworks of Pakistan.

Concentration of ten metals (Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were analyzed in the egg contents, prey and soil samples of little egret (Egretta garzetta) and cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from two Headworks to determine habitat and species-specific differences; to assess the importance of prey and habitat contamination as an exposure source for heavy metals. Concentration of Cu, Mn, Cr and Pb in egg contents, Fe, Co, Cu, Mn, Zn in prey and Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Li in surface soils were significantly different (P<0.05).

Heavy metals in eggshells of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) and little egret (Egretta garzetta) from the Punjab province, Pakistan.

Concentrations of nine trace metals were determined to assess site-specific and species-specific differences using Fast Sequential Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Varian FAAS-240) in eggshells of Bubulcus ibis and Egretta garzetta from seven heronries in the Punjab province, Pakistan. Pattern of metal concentration followed the order: Fe > Zn > Pb > Mn > Cd > Cr > Li > Cu > Ni. Greater mean concentrations of Mn(1.

The β6-integrin-ERK/MAP kinase pathway contributes to chemo resistance in colon cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the most widely used chemo drug for the treatment of colon cancer. However, a sub-population of colon cancer patients do not respond to 5-FU and this treatment does not provide survival benefit due to chemo resistance. The mechanisms involved in 5-FU resistance are not fully understood and multiple factors have been involved in the sensitivity of cancer cells to 5-FU.

Copper exposure interferes with the regulation of the uptake, distribution and metabolism of sulfate in Chinese cabbage.

Exposure of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) to enhanced Cu(2+) concentrations (1-10 microM) resulted in leaf chlorosis, a loss of photosynthetic capacity and lower biomass production at > or = 5 microM. The decrease in pigment content was likely not the consequence of degradation, but due to hindered chloroplast development upon Cu exposure. The Cu content of the root increased with the Cu(2+) concentration (up to 40-fold), though only a minor proportion (4%) was transferred to the shoot.