Human-derived Tumor-On-Chip model to study the heterogeneity of breast cancer tissue.

One of the leading causes that complicate the treatment of some malignancies, including breast cancer, is tumor heterogeneity. In addition to inter-heterogeneity and intra-heterogeneity of tumors that reflect the differences between cancer cell characteristics, heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in tumor progression and could be considered an overlooked and a proper target for the effective selection of therapeutic approaches. Due to the difficulty of completely capturing tumor heterogeneity in conventional detection methods, Tumor-on-Chip (TOC) devices with culturing patient-derived spheroids could be an appropriate alternative.

Measurement protocols and determinants of peak oxygen consumption in adults with Down syndrome: a systematic review.

This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of test protocols used to measure peak oxygen uptake (VOpeak) in adults with Down syndrome (DS) and to determine how generalisable the outcomes are for the entire population of adults with DS by describing the sample characteristics of these studies and their impact on VOpeak. A literature search (PROSPERO CRD42022309560) was performed (18 July 2023) using the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase and SPORTDiscus. For articles to be included, they had to be peer-reviewed pubications, reporting VOpeak or VOmax for individuals with DS separately, with a sample of n ≥ 5 and a mean age ≥18 years.

Understanding the genomic selection for crop improvement: current progress and future prospects.

Although increased use of modern breeding techniques and technology has resulted in long-term genetic gain, the pace of genetic gain must be sped up to satisfy global agricultural demand. However, marker-assisted selection has proven its potential for improving qualitative traits with large effects regulated by one to few genes. Its contribution to the improvement of the quantitative traits regulated by a number of small-effect genes is modest.

Evaluation of p21 expression and related autism-like behavior in Bisphenol-A exposed offspring of Wistar albino rats.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, may be involved in the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD); however, the mechanism of neuronal and astrocytic damage remains ambiguous. A possible role of altered expression of p21 in autistic-like behavior in rat offspring was examined with prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure.

Methods: Wistar albino dams were exposed to BPA (5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally throughout pregnancy and until the third postnatal day (PND).

Transcriptomic and proteomic approaches reveal biological basis of intraoperative radiotherapy-treated tumor bed modification in breast cancer patients: A pilot study.

Aim: Intraoperative electron Radiotherapy, herein referred to, as IOeRT is a novel approach in breast cancer (BC) treatment. This study designed to investigate short-term molecular effects of 12Gy as Boost versus 21Gy as Radical dose of IOeRT using high throughput approaches.

Materials And Methods: Six BC patients as a pilot study were treated with IOeRT following two separate strategies, including Boost and Radical doses.

Acute renal failure due to IgA nephropathy in sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder affecting multiple organs. We presented a 56-year-old woman with renal impairment who was diagnosed with sarcoidosis accompanied by IgA nephropathy. Treatment with methylprednisolone was started for the patient.

Epigenetic effects of bisphenol A administration: Diabetogenic and atherogenic changes in mice offspring.

Objectives: Bisphenol A (BPA) that is a monomer of plastic products may possibly interfere with epigenetics and be involved in onset and progression of several diseases. This study was aimed to detect the epigenetic effects of BPA exposure in mice offspring.

Materials And Methods: All experiments were performed according to the national guidelines for laboratory animals and after ethical approval.

Male Infertility, Precision Medicine and Systems Proteomics.

Precision medicine (PM) is an approach that has the power to create the best effect and safety of medicine and treatment with the least side effects for each person. PM is very helpful as sometimes due to inaccurate or late diagnosis or toxicities of the drugs irreversible side effect for patient's health are generated. This seemingly new and emerging science is also effective in preventing disease, due to differences in the genes, environment, and lifestyles of any particular person.

Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats.

Introduction: The effects of electromagnetic fields on biological organisms have been a controversial and also interesting debate over the past few decades, despite the wide range of investigations, many aspects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF/EMFs) effects including mechanism of their interaction with live organisms and also their possible biological applications still remain ambiguous. In the present study, we investigated whether the exposures of ELF/EMF with frequencies of 3 Hz and 60 Hz can affect the memory, anxiety like behaviors, electrophysiological properties and brain's proteome in rats.

Methods: Male rats were exposed to 3 Hz and 60 Hz ELF/EMFs in a protocol consisting of 2 cycles of 2 h/day exposure for 4 days separated with a 2-day interval.

The effects of the DDS-1 strain of lactobacillus on symptomatic relief for lactose intolerance - a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial.

Background: Lactose intolerance is a form of lactose maldigestion where individuals experience symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramping, flatulence, vomiting and bowel sounds following lactose consumption. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a species of bacteria known for its sugar fermenting properties. Preclinical studies have found that Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation may assist in breaking down lactose; however, no human clinical trials exist evaluating its efficacy in alleviating symptoms related to lactose intolerance.

Glucose and fluoxetine induce fine structural change in human serum albumin.

Human serum albumin has been used as a model protein for protein folding and ligand binding studies over many decades. Due to its long life period and high concentration in plasma, HSA is highly sensitive to glycation. It is reported that 175 mg/dL glucose concentration is a threshold of kidney activity for the beginning of excretion of glucose.

The novel heterozygous Thr377Arg MYOC mutation causes severe Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma in a large Pakistani family.

Glaucoma is one of the major causes of blindness worldwide with characteristic optic disc changes and elevated intraocular pressure. It is subcategorized into Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma (JOAG) depending upon age of the disease onset. Myocilin (MYOC) is the frequently mutated gene in familial cases of glaucoma.

Comparison of antimicrobial substantivity of root canal irrigants in instrumented root canals up to 72 h: an in vitro study.

Disinfection of the root canal system is one of the primary aims of root canal treatment. This can be achieved through the use of various antimicrobial agents in the form of irrigants and medicaments. The antimicrobial substantivity of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, 1% povidone iodine, 2.

Modified nasal alveolar molding appliance for management of cleft lip defect.

Nasal alveolar molding is used effectively to reshape the nasal cartilage and mold the maxillary arch before cleft lip repair and primary rhinoplasty. It provides aesthetic and functional benefits of nasal tip and alar symmetry and improved dental arch form. At The Craniofacial Center at the University of Illinois at Chicago, the authors have developed a modification of a nasal alveolar molding appliance previously described in the literature.

Long-latency spinal reflexes in humans.

Stretching human muscles with a mechanical device gave rise to multiple peaks in the rectified and averaged electromyogram. In the first dorsal interosseous the latency of the first peak (M1) was 32.4 +/- 2.

Neuropathy in tetanus.

Thirty-four cases of severe tetanus were studied. On clinical examination weakness and sensory loss compatible with peripheral neuropathy was found in 27. The pattern was usually asymmetrical, the commonest nerves affected being ulnar, median and lateral popliteal, although occasionally circumflex, musculocutaneous, femoral and facial nerves were also involved.

Cephalic tetanus: demonstration of a dual lesion.

A clinical and electrophysiological study of 15 cases of cephalic tetanus is reported. This condition is a form of local tetanus which commonly follows an injury to the face or head. It is characterised by muscle paralysis which is maximal close to the site of injury, while spasm is evident at mroe distant sites.