Prevalence of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in Saudi Arabia and Associated Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in Saudi Arabia and the association between knee OA and modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.

Methods: A self-reported, population-based, cross-sectional survey between January 2021 and October 2021 was conducted. A large, population-representative sample (n = 2254) of adult subjects aged 18 years and over from all regions of Saudi Arabia was collected electronically using convenience sampling.

Clinical and Endocrinological Responses to Different Exercise Training Methods in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aims And Background: The knowledge about the effective implementation of different exercise training methods on clinical and endocrinological responses in soccer players with chronic low back pain (LBP) is lacking. Hence the study is proposed to find the effects of different exercise training methods on clinical and endocrinological responses in soccer players with chronic low back pain.

Methods: Through the three-block randomization method, 60 chronic LBP participants were randomly divided into the isokinetic exercise group (IKE; n = 20), (CSE; n = 20), and conventional exercise group (n = 20).