Acute Treatment with Fucoidan Ameliorates Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Neurological Damages and Memory Deficits in Rats: Role of BBB Integrity, Microglial Activity, Neuroinflammation, and Oxidative Stress.

There is no acquiesced remedy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI)-associated impairment, especially cognitive decline. The first 24 h after TBI is a golden time for preventing the progress of the impairments. The present study aimed to examine the acute effects of fucoidan on neurological outcomes and memory performance and investigate its potential mechanisms in rats with TBI.

Uncovering the protective potential of vanillic acid against traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive decline in male rats: Insights into underlying mechanisms.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant contributor to global mortality and disability, and there is still no specific drug available to treat cognitive deficits in survivors. Vanillic acid (VA), a bioactive phenolic compound, has shown protective effects in various models of neurodegeneration; however, its impact on TBI outcomes remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the possible role of VA in ameliorating TBI-induced cognitive decline and to reveal the mechanisms involved.

Underlying mechanisms behind the neuroprotective effect of vanillic acid against diabetes-associated cognitive decline: An in vivo study in a rat model.

Hippocampal synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss play critical roles in the pathophysiology of diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD). The study aimed to investigate the effects of vanillic acid (VA), a phenolic compound, against DACD and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Following confirmation of diabetes, rats were treated with VA (50 mg/kg/day; P.

Sesamin mitigates lead-induced behavioral deficits in male rats: The role of oxidative stress.

Lead (Pb) is a well-known toxic pollutant that has negative effects on behavioral functions. Sesamin, a phytonutrient of the lignan class, has shown neuroprotective effects in various neurological disorder models. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the putative protective effects of sesamin against Pb-induced behavioral deficits and to identify the role of oxidative stress in male rats.

LncRNA MALAT1 and Ischemic Stroke: Pathogenesis and Opportunities.

Ischemic stroke (IS) stands as a prominent cause of mortality and long-term disability around the world. It arises primarily from a disruption in cerebral blood flow, inflicting severe neural injuries. Hence, there is a pressing need to comprehensively understand the intricate mechanisms underlying IS and identify novel therapeutic targets.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder whose pathogenesis is not completely understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress have been considered as major causes and central events responsible for the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in PD. Therefore, investigating mitochondrial disorders plays a role in understanding the pathogenesis of PD and can be an important therapeutic target for this disease.

The Protective Effects of Policosanol on Learning and Memory Impairments in a Male Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive performance and memory formation. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of policosanol (PCO) on cognitive function, oxidative-antioxidative status, and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque formation in an AD rat model induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ. Healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups: control, sham (5 μL, ICV injection of phosphate-buffered saline), AD model (5 μL, ICV injection of Aβ), acacia gum (50 mg/kg, 8 weeks, gavage), PCO (50 mg/kg, 8 weeks, gavage), AD + acacia gum (50 mg/kg, 8 weeks, gavage), and AD + PCO (50 mg/kg, 8 weeks, gavage).

Possible mechanisms involved in the protective effects of chrysin against lead-induced cognitive decline: An in vivo study in a rat model.

Lead (Pb) is a highly poisonous environmental pollutant that can induce cognitive decline. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid compound, has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties in different neurodegenerative disorders. The present study was designed to examine the putative effects of chrysin against Pb-induced cognitive impairment and the possible involved mechanisms.

p-Coumaric acid ameliorates cognitive and non-cognitive disturbances in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease: The role of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most progressive form of neurodegenerative disease resulting in cognitive and non-cognitive deficits. Aluminum is recognized as a risk factor for the etiology, pathogenesis, and progression of AD. The present study was designed to determine the effects of p-coumaric acid (p-CA), a phenolic compound, on spatial cognitive ability and non-cognitive functions and to identify the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in an AD rat model induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl).

Sesamin: Insights into its protective effects against lead-induced learning and memory deficits in rats.

Background: Lead (Pb) is one of the most hazardous pollutants that induce a wide spectrum of neurological changes such as learning and memory deficits. Sesamin, a phytonutrient of the lignan class, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective properties. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of sesamin against Pb-induced learning and memory deficits, disruption of hippocampal theta and gamma rhythms, inflammatory response, inhibition of blood δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activity, Pb accumulation, and neuronal loss in rats.

Sesamin alleviates diabetes-associated behavioral deficits in rats: The role of inflammatory and neurotrophic factors.

Neuroinflammation and loss of neurotrophic support have key roles in the pathophysiology of diabetes-associated behavioral deficits (DABD). Sesamin (Ses), a major lignan of sesame seed and its oil, shows anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidative, and neuroprotective effects. The present study was designed to assess the potential protective effects of Ses against DABD and investigate the roles of inflammatory markers and neurotrophic factors in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Chrysin attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced recognition memory decline, and anxiety/depression-like behaviors in rats: Insights into underlying mechanisms.

Rationale: Cortical and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation are associated with behavioral deficits following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Objectives: The present study was designed to investigate the potential protective effects of flavonoid chrysin against TBI-induced vestibulomotor impairment, exploratory/locomotor dysfunctions, recognition memory decline, and anxiety/depression-like behaviors, as well as the verified possible involved mechanisms.

Methods: Chrysin (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg/day; P.

Sesamin: A promising protective agent against diabetes-associated cognitive decline in rats.

Aims: Hippocampal oxidative stress and apoptosis of CA1 neurons play significant roles in the pathophysiology of diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD). The present study was aimed to elucidate the putative effects of sesamin, a major lignan of sesame seed, against DACD, and possible involvement of anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.

Main Methods: Fifty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, control-sesamin (30 mg/kg/day), diabetic, diabetic-sesamin (30 mg/kg/day), and diabetic-insulin (6 IU/rat/day) groups.

Ellagic acid protects against diabetes-associated behavioral deficits in rats: Possible involved mechanisms.

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, is associated with behavioral deficits. It has been suggested that ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenol compound, has potent anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The present study was aimed to explore the potential protective effects of EA against diabetes-associated behavioral deficits and verified possible involved mechanisms.

Aloe vera gel improves behavioral deficits and oxidative status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Oxidative stress has a major role in progression of diabetes-related behavioral deficits. It has been suggested that Aloe vera has anti-diabetic, antioxidative, and neuroprotective effects. The present study was designed to determine the effects of Aloe vera gel on behavioral functions, oxidative status, and neuronal viability in the hippocampus of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

The Aqueous Extract of Portulaca Oleracea Ameliorates Neurobehavioral Dysfunction and Hyperglycemia Related to Streptozotocin-Diabetes Induced in Ovariectomized Rats.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of neuropathy. Although antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of the aqueous extract of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) (AEOP) have been demonstrated before by other researchers, we did not find any study that assessed the psychobiological effects of AEOP in diabetes induced animals. Thirty ovariectomized (OVX) female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of control, Dia and Dia+AEOP.

Induced adverse effects of prenatal exposure to silver nanoparticles on neurobehavioral development of offspring of mice.

Steadily increased use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), has increased the amount of its exposure to humans and animals. Current scarce knowledge about the influences of prenatal exposure to Ag-NPs on postnatal outcomes, motivated us to investigate whether being exposed to it during pregnancy has any effects on neurobehavioral development of the adult offspring. Thirty virgin female NMRI mice were mated and treated subcutaneously once every three days from gestation day 3 until delivery, by 0, 0.

Incidence trends of colorectal cancer in the West of Iran during 2000-2005.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a main leading cause of cancer death in western countries. Although many studies have been conducted on incidence trends all over the world in recent years, information regarding changes in incidence of colorectal cancer in Iran is insufficient. The present study of colorectal cancer in the west of Iran during recent years was therefore performed.