Publications by authors named "Shah Nawaz"

Article Synopsis
  • A national guideline for managing peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in England was introduced in August 2012 to assess its impact on hospital revascularization rates and socioeconomic differences in those rates.
  • Analysis over a decade showed a total of 309,839 hospital admissions, with a decline in moderate PAD revascularization rates after the guideline's introduction, while severe PAD showed a plateau.
  • The most socioeconomically deprived patients experienced a significant decrease in moderate PAD rates, with less impact observed in less deprived groups, and no clear changes for severe PAD admissions based on deprivation.
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The present study explored the natural compound Isotelekin isolated from Inula racemose against anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell lines and immune-elevated SRBC-sensitized animal models. Isotelekin in in vitro studies, inhibited the production of Th-1 cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), and Interferon-gamma (INF-γ), and increased Th-2 cytokines Interleukin-10 (IL-10).

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  • Intestinal dysfunction can hinder nutrient digestion and absorption, making polysaccharides (MEP) a potential treatment to reduce damage induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) through changes in gut bacteria.
  • In a study with Kunming mice, the group treated with MEP (PY) showed less weight loss and damage to intestinal villi compared to the LPS-induced group (PM), indicating that MEP helped maintain gut health despite injury.
  • Serum analysis revealed that MEP treatment lowered inflammatory markers and increased antioxidant levels, along with significant differences in gut microbiota between the groups, highlighting its potential role in gut health recovery.
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Introduction: Limited information exists regarding the microbiome composition of yak calves of varying weights. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the microbiomes of mother-calf pairs with different weight profiles.

Methods: Fecal and blood samples were collected from both lower-weight (CB) and higher-weight (HB) yak calves, along with their corresponding female yaks (CA, HA).

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  • Yaks are crucial food animals in China but are commonly affected by bacterial diarrheal diseases with limited treatment options.
  • This study tested the effectiveness of a probiotic and berberine treatment on yak calves, revealing that treated calves showed better weight gain and lower diarrhea scores compared to those infected without treatment.
  • The research also highlighted changes in gut microbiota, showing that the treatment improved the overall gut health of yaks by increasing beneficial bacteria and reducing harmful ones, suggesting potential new therapies for ruminant diarrhea.
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() is an important veterinary pathogen and a noteworthy threat to human and animal health. Recently, there has been a significant rise in the number of moose fatalities caused by this rare, endemic species in China. Currently, there is an increasing trend in conducting whole-genome analysis of strains originating from pigs and chickens, whereas fewer studies have been undertaken on -originating strains at the whole-genome level.

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  • Chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) can cause intestinal mucositis, which negatively impacts cancer treatment and patient comfort.
  • The study investigates the probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus (P. pentosaceus) and its potential protective effects against 5-FU-induced intestinal damage.
  • Findings suggest that P. pentosaceus PP34 reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, and helps restore gut microbiota balance in mice affected by 5-FU, indicating it could be beneficial for managing intestinal mucositis.
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Pasturella multocida (P. multocida), a gram-negative bacterium, has long been a focus of interest in animal health because of its capacity to cause different infections, including hemorrhagic septicemia. Yaks, primarily found in high-altitude environments, are among the several livestock animals affected by these bacteria.

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Gut microbiota are the microbial organisms that play a pivotal role in intestinal health and during disease conditions. Keeping in view the characteristic functions of gut microbiota, in this study, TPC32 ( TPC32) was isolated and identified, and its whole genome was analyzed by the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. The results revealed that TPC32 had high resistance against acid and bile salts with fine in vitro antibacterial ability.

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Objective: The study aims to evaluate the between-day reliability of a proposed test battery for patients with claudication that can be used for monitoring the effectiveness of exercise interventions and other therapeutic strategies tailored to this patient population.

Methods: Twenty-five men with claudication were recruited. The test battery consisted of the Vastus Lateralis muscle thickness (VL-MT), ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI), unilateral isometric knee extension maximal voluntary torque (MVT) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

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Recently attention-based networks have been successful for image restoration tasks. However, existing methods are either computationally expensive or have limited receptive fields, adding constraints to the model. They are also less resilient in spatial and contextual aspects and lack pixel-to-pixel correspondence, which may degrade feature representations.

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Article Synopsis
  • Serial crystallography at synchrotron and XFEL sources generates large data sets, but only a small fraction is useful for analysis, necessitating an efficient data classification system to identify 'hit' (useful) and 'miss' (non-useful) images.
  • The proposed solution includes a real-time feature extraction algorithm called modified and parallelized FAST (MP-FAST), paired with an image descriptor and a machine learning classifier to sort images effectively.
  • Performance testing shows that the MP-FAST-based classification outperforms traditional feature extractors and classifiers by leveraging various processing units for improved speed and accuracy.
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Thiram is a member of the dithiocarbamate family and is widely used in agriculture, especially in low-income countries. Its residues lead to various diseases, among which tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in broiler chickens is the most common. Recent studies have also demonstrated that thiram residues may harm human health.

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Thiram, a commonly used agricultural insecticide and fungicide, has been found to cause tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in broilers, leading to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of leucine in mitigating thiram-induced TD and leucine effects on gut microbial diversity. Broiler chickens were randomly divided into five equal groups: control group (standard diet), thiram-induced group (thiram 80 mg/kg from day 3 to day 7), and different concentrations of leucine groups (0.

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Due to technological and economic limitations, waste products such as sewage and manure generated in livestock farming lack comprehensive scientific and centralized treatment. This leads to the exposure of various contaminants in livestock wastewater, posing potential risks to both the ecological environment and human health. This review evaluates the environmental and physical health risks posed by common pollutants in livestock wastewater and outlines future treatment methods to mitigate these risks.

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Cryptosporidiosis is the leading cause of life-threatening diarrheal infection, especially in infants. Oocysts contaminate the environment, and also, being a zoonotic disease, cryptosporidiosis is a threat to One Health. Nitazoxanide is the only FDA-approved drug, effective only in immunocompetent adults, and is not safe for infants.

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Background: Although postoperative complications of lower limb amputations and complications related to prosthetics are well known, complications before prosthetic fitting are less often emphasized in literature. There are no Saudi studies documenting the complications before prosthetic fitting where there is high rise in dysvascular amputation, and early prosthetic provision remains a challenge.

Objectives: To investigate the complications following major lower limb amputations (MLLAs).

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Background: Above and below knee amputation (AKA, BKA) are treatments of last resort for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The aim was to examine amputation rates, AKA:BKA ratios, previous revascularization and minor amputation, lengths of stay in hospital, mortality following amputation, and regional variation in people with and without diabetes in England.

Methods: The study used population-based ecological and cohort study designs, 31 672 census areas, hospital admissions from 2006 to 2018 and Poisson, logistic and Cox regression.

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Article Synopsis
  • The Bcl-2 protein is crucial for regulating programmed cell death, but its expression in chondrocytes and its role in related disorders is not yet fully understood, prompting interest in Chlorogenic acid (CGA) as a potential therapeutic agent.
  • In experiments, researchers observed that reducing Bcl-2 levels led to increased cell death and dysfunction, while enhancing Bcl-2 expression decreased these effects, highlighting its importance in apoptosis and inflammation pathways in chondrocytes.
  • CGA treatment was found to mitigate the negative effects of decreased Bcl-2, promoting cell proliferation by preventing the release of pro-apoptotic factors and ultimately improving chondrocyte health.
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Several studies have reported the effects of DJ-1 gene and miR-199a/b-3p on HCC development. However, whether miR-199a/b-3p regulates HCC progression through a novel compensatory signaling pathway involving DJ-1, Ras, and PI3K/AKT remains unknown. We used (TCGA, HPA, miRWalk and Target scan) databases, cancer and para-tissue HCC patients, dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis, proteomic imprinting, qPCR, cell proliferation, scratch, transport, and flow cytometry to detect the molecular mechanism of DJ-1 and miR-199a/b-3p co-expression in HCC cell lines.

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Background: Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of Arylsulfatase A (ARSA) enzyme activity. Its clinical manifestations include progressive motor and cognitive decline. ARSA gene mutations are frequent in MLD.

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Precise coupling of two fundamental mechanisms, chondrogenesis and osteogenesis via angiogenesis, plays a crucial role during rapid proliferation of growth plates, and alteration in their balance might lead to pathogenic conditions. Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is characterized by an avascular, non-mineralized, jade-white "cartilaginous wedge" with impaired endochondral ossification and chondrocyte proliferation at the proximal end of a tibial bone in rapidly growing poultry birds. Developing vascular structures are dynamic with cartilage growth and are regulated through homeostatic balance among pro and anti-angiogenic proteins and cytokines.

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Avian tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a skeletal disease affecting fast growing chickens, resulting in non-mineralized avascular cartilage. This metabolic disorder is characterized by lameness and reduced growth performance causing economic losses. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of baicalin against TD caused by thiram exposure.

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Gut microbiota (GM) contributes to the production of immune-regulatory molecules and cytokines. However, our understanding regarding intricate relationship between Lactobacillus plantarum and GM on regulation of immune function remained limited. To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on an immunosuppressed mouse model, we employed cyclophosphamide treatment and conducted various analysis including H&E (hematoxylin-eosin staining), immunohistochemistry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and RT-PCR.

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