Early Onset Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Multi-Network Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Psychiatric disease burden in patients with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has risen substantially over the past few decades. However, there is limited data on the relationship between IBD disease activity and the incidence of psychiatric comorbidities. We sought to conduct a population-based study to investigate the impact of early onset disease activity in newly diagnosed IBD patients on psychiatric disease diagnoses and medication usage.

Oxidized phospholipid and transcriptomic signatures of THC-related vaping associated lung injury.

E-cigarette/vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) is strongly associated with vitamin E acetate and often occurs with concomitant tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) use. To uncover pathways associated with EVALI, we examined cytokines, transcriptomic signatures, and lipidomic profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from THC-EVALI patients. At a single center, we prospectively enrolled mechanically ventilated patients with EVALI from THC-containing products (N = 4) and patients with non-vaping acute lung injury and airway controls (N = 5).

CustOmized versus standard fundal-height measuREments for the detection of small-for-gestational age fetuses in low-risk women (CORE study): A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the proportion of small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants detected by routine care versus a growth assessment protocol using customized fundal-height charts in low-risk pregnancies of a developing country.

Methods: An open label randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Fatima Memorial Hospital (NUR International University, Pakistan). Low-risk pregnant women were randomly allocated to routine care (Mcdonald's rule for fundal height measurements followed by referral for scan with discrepancy of 3 cm from gestational age and a contingency third trimester scan) or the growth assessment protocol (GAP) developed by the Perinatal Institute (UK), which consists of the use of gestation-related optimal weight (GROW) customized charts, alongside management protocols for suspected SGA fetuses, audit tools and training.

Qualitative Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life Impacts Associated with Sickle Cell Disease in the United States and United Kingdom.

Introduction: Individuals living with sickle cell disease (SCD) commonly report impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, impacts of SCD on HRQoL and the unmet needs of SCD treatment/management are under-researched. This study characterized the impact of SCD on HRQoL and identified the unmet needs of individuals with SCD.

Chrysophanol attenuates cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress by TLR4/NFκB-Nrf2/HO-1 and BDNF/VEGF signaling in stress-intensified PTZ induced epilepsy in mice.

Background: Stress is among the most common comorbid conditions with epilepsy and a strong factor in the pathophysiology of seizures. An imbalance in neuronal circuits causes recurrent unprovoked seizures in epilepsy. Dysregulation of BDNF/VEGF expression, oxidative stress, increased levels of neuroinflammatory cytokines, and increased expression of apoptotic genes contribute to the underlying cause of the seizure.

Assessment of End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) of Electronic Hospital Management Information System (eHMIS) in Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Pakistan.

Objective: To determine user satisfaction of clinical faculty using Electronic Hospital Management Information System (eHMIS) in Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Pakistan.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Orthopaedic Division Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Pakistan from 15 March 2023 to 15 November 2023.All consultants serving in hospital fulfilling the inclusion criteria and consenting were included in this study.

ArMYB89 and ArCOP1 interaction modulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in Acer rubrum leaves under low-temperature conditions.

Acer rubrum, a famous ornamental tree, produces bright red-coloured leaves because of the temperature decline from summer to autumn. This process's molecular mechanism is elusive, so we have investigated how anthocyanin biosynthesis is induced in A. rubrum leaves under low temperatures.

Insecticidal and Repellent Activity of Essential Oil and Its Pure Compounds Against Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Kunth (Piperaceae) essential oil (EO) was evaluated for its toxicity and repellency against red imported fire ants (RIFA), Buren, and a hybrid (HIFA) of red ( and black ( Forel) imported fire ants. Through bioactivity-guided fractionation, two major components, elemicin and myristicin, were isolated from the EO. Removal of treated sand in a digging bioassay was used as the criterion for repellency.

Exploring Plant-Bacterial Symbiosis for Eco-Friendly Agriculture and Enhanced Resilience.

This review explores the intricate relationship between plants and bacterial endophytes, revealing their multifaceted roles in promoting plant growth, resilience, and defense mechanisms. By selectively shaping their microbiome, plants harness diverse endophytic bacterial strains to enhance nutrient absorption, regulate hormones, mitigate damage, and contribute to overall plant health. The review underscores the potential of bacterial endophytes in self-sustaining agricultural systems, offering solutions to reduce reliance on fertilizers and pesticides.

Toxicity and Repellency of (/)-3-Butylidenephthalide: A Natural Compound Isolated from Root Extract Evaluated Against Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Imported fire ants are pests of significant importance, especially in the southern United States. We tested (/)-3-butylidenephthalide, a natural compound that was isolated from the ethanolic extract of roots, as a repellent and toxicant against workers of imported fire ants. A series of serial concentrations, starting from 156 µg/g until failure, were tested using digging bioassays.

Clinical and biologic profiles of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome by prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema; a cohort study.

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by diffuse lung injury. The impact of pre-existing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or emphysema on ARDS pathogenesis is not well characterized.

Methods: Secondary analysis of ARDS patients enrolled in the Acute Lung Injury Registry and Biospecimen Repository at the University of Pittsburgh between June 2012 and September 2021.

Effect of Bacillus clausii in attenuating symptoms of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by modulating NFkB pathway and oxidative stress in mice.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a condition characterized by inflammation and ulcer formation in the colon and rectum due to genetic and environmental factors. It is a common condition, with a global prevalence rate exceeding 0.3%.

Clinical Burden and Health Care Resource Utilization Associated With Managing Sickle Cell Disease With Recurrent Vaso-occlusive Crises in England.

Purpose: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited red blood cell disease caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the β-subunit of adult hemoglobin that leads to hemolysis, anemia, vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), morbidity, and mortality. This study provides a real-world assessment of the clinical burden and health care resource utilization (HCRU) associated with SCD with recurrent VOCs in England.

Methods: This retrospective study linked primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database with secondary care records from the Hospital Episode Statistics database to identify patients with SCD with recurrent VOCs between July 1, 2008, and June 30, 2018.

Clinical Burden and Healthcare Resource Utilization Associated With Managing Transfusion-dependent β-Thalassemia in England.

Purpose: Patients with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) have reduced levels of β-globin, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis and iron overload. Patients with TDT depend on regular red blood cell transfusions (RBCTs) and iron chelation therapy for survival and management of disease- and treatment-related clinical complications. This study describes the clinical and economic burden in patients with TDT in England.

Core-shell tablets designed for modified and sequential release of ibuprofen and rabeprazole.

In this study, core-shell tablets comprising an ibuprofen (IBU) enteric-coated core for modified release and a rabeprazole (RAB) shell for immediate release were developed using wet granulation method. The primary aim was to produce a sequential release of RAB and IBU with pharmacokinetic profiles comparable to those of the respective single tablets, thereby reducing the potential for IBU-associated gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. The composition of the IBU/RAB core-shell tablets was finalized on a comparative basis by evaluating various trial formulations.

Chemical Bonds Formed in Solid Wood by Reaction with Maleic Anhydride and Sodium Hypophosphite.

The reaction of wood with maleic anhydride (MA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) has been identified as a viable modification method, with macroscopical properties indicating formation of cross-linking to explain the results. However, the chemical reaction between wood and the modification reagents has not been studied yet. To resolve this, the reaction was studied with solid-state C cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning (CP-MAS) and P MAS nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to reveal the formation of bonds between wood components, MA and SHP during the treatments to explain the formation of cross-linking and the possible fixation of phosphorus in wood.

Nanoconfinement effects on the dynamics of an ionic liquid-based electrolyte probed by multinuclear NMR.

The measurement of ion diffusivity inside nanoporous materials by Pulsed-Field Gradient (PFG) NMR is not an easy task due to enhanced NMR relaxation. Here, we employed multinuclear (H, P, and Li) NMR spectrometry and diffusometry to probe ion dynamics of a fluorine-free battery electrolyte comprising the [P][MEEA] ionic liquid (IL) and LiMEEA salt in a 7 : 3 molar ratio, confined in three different nanoporous SiO glasses with pore diameters of 3.7, 7 and 98 nm.

Agomelatine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers alleviate neuropathic pain in rats by Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway.

Neuropathic pain arises from impairments or malfunctions within the nervous system, resulting in atypical transmission and interpretation of pain signals. In the present study, we examined the neuroprotective effects of agomelatine (AGM) and agomelatine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (AGM-NLCs) in neuropathic animal models induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven experimental groups to compare the effects of AGM and AGM-NLCs, which were administered at 20 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days after CCI.

Understanding the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Lung Endothelial Cells: Brief Mechanisms Unveiled.

As the world grapples with the coronavirus-19 (COVID) pandemic, more reports are coming in regarding Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in endotheliopathy. It is a vascular condition in which endothelial cell injury or damage inflicts anatomical and functional changes in the endothelium, significantly impacting the physiological process and function. Previously, it was assumed that SARS-CoV-2 infects respiratory epithelial cells via spike glycoproteins present on the surface of the virus.

pH-Sensitive Tacrolimus loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is the chronic tissue inflammation of the lower part of the Gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Conventional therapeutic approaches face numerous challenges, often making the delivery system inadequate for treating the disease. This study aimed to integrate a pH-sensitive polymer and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to develop a hybrid nanocarrier system.