Baricitinib as monotherapy and with topical corticosteroids in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of dose-response.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects millions worldwide, presenting challenges in managing symptoms and quality of life. Current treatments include topical corticosteroids (TCS), but novel approaches, such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, show promise. Baricitinib, a selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, targets cytokines involved in AD and offers potential benefits beyond traditional therapies.

Respiratory Dysfunction in Epileptic Encephalopathies: Insights and Challenges.

Epileptic encephalopathies constitute a group of severe epileptic disorders characterized by intractable seizures and cognitive regression. Beyond the hallmark neurological manifestations, these disorders frequently exhibit associated respiratory dysfunction, which is increasingly recognized as a critical aspect of their pathophysiology. Respiratory abnormalities in epileptic encephalopathies encompass a spectrum of manifestations, ranging from subtle alterations in breathing patterns to life-threatening events such as apneas and hypoventilation.

Cardiac Rehabilitation in the Modern Era: Optimizing Recovery and Reducing Recurrence.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a prominent issue in global health, emphasizing the necessity for efficient cardiac rehabilitation programs. This narrative review provides a detailed analysis of the current state of cardiac rehabilitation, focusing on maximizing recovery and minimizing the likelihood of recurrence. This paper examines the historical progression of cardiac rehabilitation, explores the epidemiological background of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and provides an overview of the many stages of the rehabilitation process.

Holistic Approaches to Arrhythmia Management: Combining Medication, Ablation, and Device Interventions.

This narrative review investigates the severe health issue of arrhythmias, which affects millions of people worldwide. A multifaceted strategy incorporating medicine, catheter ablation, and advanced device interventions is necessary to manage these disorders effectively. Medication is the cornerstone, and as antiarrhythmic medications develop, their efficacy and side effects are reduced.

The Bidirectional Link Between Diabetes and Kidney Disease: Mechanisms and Management.

The complex and mutually influential connection between diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant focal point in the current healthcare landscape. Diabetes, a medical condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from impaired insulin action or secretion, has become a significant global epidemic. It poses considerable challenges to healthcare systems and affects millions of individuals worldwide.

Medical students' perceptions of their learning environment during clinical years at Chitwan Medical College in Nepal.

Background: The educational environment of an institution affects learning and has a significant role in determining students' academic achievement. The objective of the study was to determine the undergraduate medical students' perception about educational environment in clinical years of study utilizing Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among fourth and fifth-year medical students toward the end of their 2016 academic year in Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal.

Increased Transfusion Requirements with Pharmacologic Thromboembolism Prophylaxis During Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exacerbation.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exacerbation requiring hospitalization increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and current guidelines recommend pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis (PVTEP).

Aims: Bleeding risks with PVTEP in this population are poorly defined, and no study has investigated packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion requirements in this population.

Methods: We conducted a chart review of all adult hospitalizations for IBD exacerbation within the Northwell Healthcare system.

Attitude and perception of undergraduate medical students toward the problem-based learning in Chitwan Medical College, Nepal.

Background: Problem-based learning (PBL) was introduced into Basic Medical Sciences early in the 1980s at Tribhuvan University (TU), Nepal, followed by other universities where didactic lecture method was still followed as the main teaching strategy. Despite gaining its popularity worldwide as integrated teaching learning method, PBL is not given importance in Nepal. This study aimed to assess the attitude and perceptions of undergraduate medical students regarding learning outcomes of PBL and to know their views about role and qualities of effective tutors for its successful implementation.

Nerve Conduction Study on Sural Nerve among Nepalese Tailors Using Mechanical Sewing Machine.

Introduction: The use of new technologies and innovations are out of access for people living in a developing country like Nepal. The mechanical sewing machine is still in existence at a large scale and dominant all over the country. Tailoring is one of the major occupations adopted by skilled people with lower socioeconomic status and education level.

Vibration upshot of operating mechanical sewing machine: an insight into common peroneal nerve conduction study.

Background: Most of the people associated with tailoring occupation in Nepal are still using mechanical sewing machine as an alternative of new technology for tailoring. Common peroneal nerves of both right and left legs are exposed to strenuous and chronic stress exerted by vibration and paddling of mechanical sewing machine.

Methods: The study included 30 healthy male tailors and 30 healthy male individuals.

Eye changes among HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in Nepal.

Objective: To find out eye findings among HIV positive patients in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Method This Hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was carried at B. P.

Change in Visual Function in Uveitis Patients after Treatment: An Experience from Nepal.

Purpose: To assess the change in visual function in uveitis patients after treatment.

Materials And Methods: This one and a half year prospective study was conducted among 180 new uveitis patients. A questionnaire was used to assess the visual function in uveitis cases and analysis of effect size change was also done.

Somatic neural alterations in non-diabetic obesity: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Reports on alterations in somatic neural functions due to non-diabetic obesity, a major risk factor for diabetes, are few and still a matter of debate. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, reports lack any comments on the type of somatic nerve fibers affected in non-diabetic obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the alteration in somatic neural functions in non-diabetic obese persons if any.

A Case of Orbital Myiasis in Recurrent Eyelid Basal Cell Carcinoma Invasive into the Orbit.

Introduction. Orbital myiasis is the infestation of the orbital tissues by fly larvae or maggots. Compromise of periorbital tissues by malignant disease, surgery, ischemia, or infection may predispose the patient to orbital myiasis.

Facebook use and its effects on the life of health science students in a private medical college of Nepal.

Background: Facebook, a popular social networking site, has been used by people of different ages and professions for various purposes. Its use in the field of medical education is increasing dramatically. At the same time, the pros and cons of facebook use among the health science students has attracted the attention of educators.

Role of lupus retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Lupus retinopathy is one of the most common vision-threatening complications of systemic lupus erythematosus. The presence of lupus retinopathy is an accurate guide to the presence of active systemic disease activity.

Results: A prospective study was conducted looking at 91 established cases of systemic lupus erythematosus to evaluate lupus retinopathy.

Nerve conduction studies in lower limb of elite Nepalese football players: an insight into neural adaptations.

Background: The study was aimed to assess somatic neural alterations in lower limbs of elite Nepalese football players by comparing their nerve conduction parameters with non-athletic controls.

Methods: Players (N.=27, age 22.

Subject preferences of first- and second-year medical students for their future specialization at Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal - a questionnaire-based study.

Introduction: The selection of a discipline for future specialization may be an important factor for the medical students' future career, and it is influenced by multiple factors. The interest of students in the early stages can be improved in subjects related to public health or of academic importance, as per need.

Methods: A questionnaire-based study was conducted among 265 first- and second-year medical students of Chitwan Medical College, Nepal to find out their subject of preference for postgraduation and the factors affecting their selection along with their interesting basic science subject.

The treatment of visceral leishmaniasis: safety and efficacy.

Visceral leishmaniasis is the disease of poor; however availability of only expensive treatment of this disease impinges the socioeconomic condition of those affected. If untreated, almost all cases of visceral leishmaniasis are fatal. The demonstration of the leishmania donovani bodies from the tissue aspirates or serological tests confirms the diagnosis of the disease.

Psycho-social impact of visual impairment on health-related quality of life among nursing home residents.

Background: Visual impairment (VI) affects physical, psychological, and emotional well-being, and social life as well. The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess the psycho-social impact of VI on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among nursing home residents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 272 residents of 60 years or older residing in seven nursing homes of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

Impact of visual impairment on vision-specific quality of life among older adults living in nursing home.

Background: Visual impairment (VI) has a significant negative impact on quality of life (QoL) amongst older people living in nursing homes. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of VI and blindness and to explore the association between severity of VI and vision-specific QoL among older people living in nursing homes of Kathmandu, Nepal.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 158 residents aged 60 years or older residing in seven nursing homes of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

Pattern of intraocular pressure fluctuation in uveitic eyes treated with corticosteroids.

Purpose: To determine IOP fluctuation in uveitic eyes treated with corticosteroids.

Design: Prospective Observational Study.

Method: Study of 116 consecutive new uveitis patients visiting Uveitis clinic, BPKLCOS.

Turmeric (curcumin) remedies gastroprotective action.

The purpose of this review is to summarize the pertinent literature published in the present era regarding the antiulcerogenic property of curcumin against the pathological changes in response to ulcer effectors (Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and exogenous substances). The gastrointestinal problems caused by different etiologies was observed to be associated with the alterations of various physiologic parameters such as reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide synthase, lipid peroxidation, and secretion of excessive gastric acid. Gastrointestinal ulcer results probably due to imbalance between the aggressive and the defensive factors.