Oestrogen And Progesterone Receptors' Expression Pattern In Fibro-Adenoma Of The Female Breast.

Background: Fibro-adenoma is the most common benign condition of the female breast comprising about 68% of all breast lumps. Fibroadenoma is an independent risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Complex fibroadenoma has a 2-3-fold increased risk ratio and simple fibroadenoma has 1.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with leucocytosis.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a high-grade tumour with poor prognosis. Most of the cases are easily diagnosed on cytology and some of these are associated with increased neutrophils in cytology specimen as well as in the blood. The objective of the study is to determine the frequency of neutrophilia with fever in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Leiomyoma: Its Variants And Secondary Changes A Five-Year Study.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common problem encountered by the gynaecologists, leiomyoma being one of the most common causes. An accurate knowledge of the different variants and secondary changes occurring in leiomyoma is essential as some of these may mimic malignancy clinically, radiologically and histologically. Some important examples being atypical, cellular and mitotically active leiomyoma.

Clinical evaluation of carcinoembryonic and carbohydrate antigens as cancer biomarkers to monitor palliative chemotherapy in advanced stage gastric cancer.

Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)-125, CA19-9, and CA72-4 are often found modulated parameters in gastric cancer.

Objective: Our present study is focused to evaluate the synchronization of these biomarkers in response to palliative chemotherapy.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted on 216 gastric cancer patients undergoing first-line cisplatin chemotherapy along with antiangiogenic regimen.

Current and future biomarkers in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is the fourth most common worldwide cause of cancer-related death. Early gastric cancer has no associated symptoms, for this reason, patients come to the attention of the clinicians only in advanced stages. This paper aims to give a global view on the biomarkers for gastric cancer and the therapy in use.

Immunohistochemical Analysis Of Breast Cancer Subtypes And Their Correlation With Ki 67 Index.

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in females including Pakistan. Nowadays immunohistochemistry has revolutionized management of breast cancer. In this study, we determined the frequency of various subtypes of breast cancer on the basis of immunohistochemical staining and their correlation with ki 67 index.