FFL-IDS: A Fog-Enabled Federated Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System to Counter Jamming and Spoofing Attacks for the Industrial Internet of Things.

The Internet of Things (IoT) contains many devices that can compute and communicate, creating large networks. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) represents a developed application of IoT, connecting with embedded technologies in production in industrial operational settings to offer sophisticated automation and real-time decisions. Still, IIoT compels significant cybersecurity threats beyond jamming and spoofing, which could ruin the critical infrastructure.

Comparison of Direct Trocar Insertion with Other Techniques for Laparoscopy.

Objective: To assess the safety of direct trocar insertion (DTI) before creating pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic procedures.

Study Design: An observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Kohat, Pakistan from November 2013 to January 2015.