Incidence, Prediction, and Prevention of Fractures After Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review Protocol.

Background: Kidney transplant recipients are uniquely exposed to the disordered bone metabolism associated with chronic kidney disease beginning before transplantation followed by chronic corticosteroid use after transplantation. Previous efforts to synthesize the rapidly accruing evidence regarding estimation and management of fracture risk in kidney transplant recipients are outdated and incomplete.

Objective: To synthesize the evidence informing the overall incidence, patient-specific risk prediction, and methods of prevention of fractures in patient living with a kidney transplant.

Point-of-care ultrasonography in the allergy and immunology clinic.

Objective: To summarize evidence supporting the use of point-of-care ultrasonography as a clinical tool for allergists and immunologists.

Data Sources: Cochrane Library, Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were searched for articles published before December 18, 2018.

Study Selections: We included any retrospective or prospective study that evaluated ultrasonography in allergy and immunology and epinephrine autoinjector (EAI) needle length.