Introducing sequential partial aortic clamp technique for proximal anastomoses and its advantages in myocardial protection in coronary artery bypass grafting.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a common and potentially lethal cardiovascular disorder. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a standard procedure for treating IHD. This study aims to introduce a novel technique for proximal anastomoses in CABG.

Wafer-Scale 1T' MoTe for Fast Response Self-Powered Wide-Range Photodetectors.

The semimetal-based photodetector possesses the intrinsic advantage of high response speed, low power consumption, and wide-range photoresponse. Here, we report the synthesis and application of 1 inch wafer-scale polycrystalline few layer 1T'-MoTe on the SiO/Si substrate by employing a modified chemical vapor deposition method of predeposition of precursors. A continuous film with seamlessly stitched micrometer scale grains has been realized, and the pure 1T' phase was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy.

Nucleotide detection mechanism and comparison based on low-dimensional materials: A review.

The recent pandemic has led to the fabrication of new nucleic acid sensors that can detect infinitesimal limits immediately and effectively. Therefore, various techniques have been demonstrated using low-dimensional materials that exhibit ultrahigh detection and accuracy. Numerous detection approaches have been reported, and new methods for impulse sensing are being explored.

Characterization of human induced pluripotent stems cells: Current approaches, challenges, and future solutions.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have demonstrated massive potentials for use in regenerative and personalized medicine due to their ability to expand in culture and differentiate into specialized cells with therapeutic benefits. However, in order to industrialize iPSC-derived therapies, it is necessary to address the existing challenges surrounding the analytics implemented in the manufacturing process to evaluate and monitor cell expansion, differentiation, and quality of the final products. Here, we review some of the key analytical methods used as part of identity, potency, or safety for in-process or final product release testing and highlighted the challenges and potential solutions for consideration in the Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls (CMC) strategy for iPSC-based therapies.

The evaluation expression of non-coding RNAs in response to HSV-G47∆ oncolytic virus infection in glioblastoma multiforme cancer stem cells.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive astrocytes brain tumor. Glioblastoma cancer stem cells and hypoxia conditions are well-known major obstacles in treatment. Studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs serve a critical role in glioblastoma progression, invasion, and resistance to chemo-radiotherapy.

Evaluation of high-dose atorvastatin pretreatment influence in patients preconditioning of post coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A prospective triple blind randomized clinical trial.

Context: Atorvastatin is considered as lipid reductive drugs with anti-inflammatory and pleotherapic effects in coronary artery bypass graph (CABG).

Aim: This study is conducted to evaluate the effects of atorvastatin in CABG.

Setting And Design: Patients with a coronary bypass graph procedure in Nemazee hospital in Shiraz were divided into two 50-groups receiving high-dose (80 mg) and low-dose (20 mg) atorvastatin.

Flexible infrared photodetector based on indium antimonide nanowire arrays.

Narrow bandgap semiconductors like indium antimonide (InSb) are very suitable for high-performance room temperature infrared photodetectors, but the fragile nature of the wafer materials hinders their application as flexible/wearable devices. Here, we present a method to fabricate a photodetector device of assembled crystalline InSb nanowire (NW) arrays on a flexible substrate that balances high performance and flexibility, facilitating its application in wearable devices. The InSb NWs were synthesized by means of a vapor-liquid-solid technique, with gold nanoclusters as seeding particles.

The Effect of Melatonin on the Serum Level of Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 9 in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery.

Objective: Cardiopulmonary bypass has been recognized as one of the main causes of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, leading to post-operative complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on the serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-9 in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

Methods: Forty-four patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass surgery were randomly allocated into two study groups of melatonin (n = 23) and placebo (n = 21).

Addressing Manufacturing Challenges for Commercialization of iPSC-Based Therapies.

The development of reprogramming technology to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has tremendously influenced the field of regenerative medicine and clinical therapeutics where curative cell replacement therapies can be used in the treatment of devastating diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and diabetes. In order to commercialize these therapies to treat a large number of individuals, it is important to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of these therapies and ensure that the manufacturing process for iPSC-derived functional cells can be industrialized at an affordable cost. However, there are a number of manufacturing obstacles that need to be addressed in order to meet this vision.

Long-Term Stability and Differentiation Potential of Cryopreserved cGMP-Compliant Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

The clinical effectiveness of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is highly dependent on a few key quality characteristics including the generation of high quality cell bank, long-term genomic stability, post-thaw viability, plating efficiency, retention of pluripotency, directed differentiation, purity, potency, and sterility. We have already reported the establishment of iPSC master cell banks (MCBs) and working cell banks (WCBs) under current good manufacturing procedure (cGMP)-compliant conditions. In this study, we assessed the cellular and genomic stability of the iPSC lines generated and cryopreserved five years ago under cGMP-compliant conditions.

Computational fluid dynamics modeling, a novel, and effective approach for developing scalable cell therapy manufacturing processes.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great potential to generate novel, curative cell therapy products. However, current methods to generate these novel therapies lack scalability, are labor-intensive, require a large footprint, and are not suited to meet clinical and commercial demands. Therefore, it is necessary to develop scalable manufacturing processes to accommodate the generation of high-quality iPSC derivatives under controlled conditions.

Twofold Porosity and Surface Functionalization Effect on Pt-Porous GaN for High-Performance H-Gas Sensors at Room Temperature.

The achievement of H detection, up to 25 ppm, at room temperature using sulfur-treated, platinum (Pt)-decorated porous GaN is reported in this study. This achievement is attributed to the large lateral pore size, Pt catalyst, and surface treatment using organic sulfide. The performance of H-gas sensors is studied as a function of the operating temperature by providing an adsorption activation energy of 22 meV at 30 ppm H, confirming the higher sensitivity of the sulfide-treated Pt-porous GaN sensor.

The Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on the Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) protects other organs from subsequent lethal ischemic injury, but uncertainty remains. We investigated if RIPC could prevent acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods: This parallel-group, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was done on adults undergoing elective or urgent on-pump CABG surgery from 2013 to 2017 in Shiraz, Iran.

Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Manufactured Using a Current Good Manufacturing Practice-Compliant Process Differentiate Into Clinically Relevant Cells From Three Germ Layers.

The discovery of reprogramming and generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the field of regenerative medicine and opened new opportunities in cell replacement therapies. While generation of iPSCs represents a significant breakthrough, the clinical relevance of iPSCs for cell-based therapies requires generation of high-quality specialized cells through robust and reproducible directed differentiation protocols. We have recently reported manufacturing of human iPSC master cell banks (MCB) under current good manufacturing practices (cGMPs).

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived lung progenitor and alveolar epithelial cells attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury.

Background Aims: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by disrupted lung growth, is the most common complication in extreme premature infants. BPD leads to persistent pulmonary disease later in life. Alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s), a subset of which represent distal lung progenitor cells (LPCs), promote normal lung growth and repair.

Prognostic value of hemoglobin A1c in nondiabetic and diabetic patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Diabetes is a well-known risk factor for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Some recent studies point to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) may have prognostic value in nondiabetic and diabetic patients with ischemic stroke (IS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of HbA1c on mortality and morbidity in AIS patients with and without diabetic.

Diagnosing Myocardial Contusion after Blunt Chest Trauma.

A myocardial contusion refers to a bruise of the cardiac muscle, the severity of which can vary depending on the severity of the injury and when the injury occurs. It is a major cause of rapid death which happens after blunt chest trauma and should be suspected at triage in the emergency department. We demonstrated that suspected myocardial contusion patients who have normal electrocardiograms (ECGs) and biomarker tests can be safely discharged.

Ultrasound for Localization of Central Venous Catheter: A Good Alternative to Chest X-Ray?

Background: Chest radiography after central venous catheter (CVC) insertion is the main method of verifying the catheter location. Despite the widespread use of radiography for detecting catheter position, x-ray may not always be readily available, especially in the operating room.

Objectives: We aimed to compare contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and chest radiography for detecting the correct location of CVCs.

Cardioprotective Effect of Extended Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in Patients Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Undergoing: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning has been known for many years. Since the temporary ischemia in the heart may cause lethal cardiac effects, the idea of creating ischemia in organs far from the heart such as limbs was raised as remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC). We hypothesized that the extension of RIPC has more cardioprotective effect in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeries.

Indium Antimonide Nanowires: Synthesis and Properties.

This article summarizes some of the critical features of pure indium antimonide nanowires (InSb NWs) growth and their potential applications in the industry. In the first section, historical studies on the growth of InSb NWs have been presented, while in the second part, a comprehensive overview of the various synthesis techniques is demonstrated briefly. The major emphasis of current review is vapor phase deposition of NWs by manifold techniques.

Effects of a New Metabolic Conditioning Supplement on Perioperative Metabolic Stress and Clinical Outcomes: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Insulin resistance is a measure of metabolic stress in the perioperative period. Before now, no clinical trial has determined the summative effects of glutamine, L-carnitine, and antioxidants as metabolic conditioning supplements in the perioperative period.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a new conditioning supplement on perioperative metabolic stress and clinical outcomes in non-diabetic patients.

Incidence and outcome of documented fungal endocarditis.

Background: Fungal endocarditis, the most severe form of infective endocarditis, is characterized by excessive mortality and morbidity.

Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the characteristics of fungal endocarditis to improve the management of these patients.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, vegetations on the mitral or tricuspid valves and embolic material surgically removed from the patients with suspected infective endocarditis between December 2009 and November 2011 were examined for fungal infection by direct smear and culture, and the susceptibility patterns of the isolated species were determined.

High responsivity photoconductors based on iron pyrite nanowires using sulfurization of anodized iron oxide nanotubes.

Iron pyrite (FeS2) nanostructures are of considerable interest for photovoltaic applications due to improved material quality compared to their bulk counterpart. As an abundant and nontoxic semiconductor, FeS2 nanomaterials offer great opportunities for low-cost and green photovoltaic technology. This paper describes the fabrication of FeS2 nanowire arrays via sulfurization of iron oxide nanotubes at relatively low temperatures.

Effect of ranolazine on cardiac microcirculation in normal and diabetic rats.

Unlabelled: Ranolazine is a new antianginal drug that is postulated to act through blocking of cardiac late sodium channels and improvement in cardiac blood flow. The present study has been carried out to investigate its possible effect on microcirculation of normal and diabetic rats’ cardiac muscle.

Methods: Normal and diabetic rats were anesthetized.

Serum Lactate Is not Correlated with Mixed or Central Venous Oxygen Saturation for Detecting Tissue Hypo Perfusion During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objectives: Effective assessment of tissue perfusion is highly important during Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG). Mixed venous O2 saturation (Svo2) is one of the best and routinely used markers of tissue perfusion. However, this method is costly and leads to considerable complications.