'Cut medicine for me': addressing suboptimal dosing of antimicrobials as a critical issue to combat AMR in Nigeria.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical health challenge in Nigeria as in many other countries in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. Our article describes how the challenges in the regulation and operations of Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendors (PPMVs) in Nigeria provide a blind spot for the underuse of antimicrobials. This article also sheds light on how patients' antibiotic use and seeking behaviour facilitate this unwholesome practice.

Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, pharmacists, despite their vital contributions, have faced significant challenges that have impacted their mental well-being, potentially leading to the development of Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms (PTSS). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of work-related fatigue as a potential moderator in the relationship between pharmacists' resilience and their likelihood of experiencing PTSS during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted online in eight countries from January to December 2021, including Brazil, Lebanon, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Serbia, and Tunisia.

Advances in drug delivery systems, challenges and future directions.

Advances in molecular pharmacology and an improved understanding of the mechanism of most diseases have created the need to specifically target the cells involved in the initiation and progression of diseases. This is especially true for most life-threatening diseases requiring therapeutic agents which have numerous side effects, thus requiring accurate tissue targeting to minimize systemic exposure. Recent drug delivery systems (DDS) are formulated using advanced technology to accelerate systemic drug delivery to the specific target site, maximizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing off-target accumulation in the body.