Silver nanoparticles in plant health: Physiological response to phytotoxicity and oxidative stress.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained significant attention in various fields due to their unique properties, but their release into the environment has raised concerns about their environmental and biological impacts. Silver nanoparticles can enter plants following their exposure to roots or via stomata following foliar exposure. Upon penetrating the plant cells, AgNPs interact with cellular components and alter physiological and biochemical processes.

Agronomic Investigation of Spray Dispersion of Metal-Based Nanoparticles on Sunflowers in Real-World Environments.

In environmental and agronomic settings, even minor imbalances can trigger a range of unpredicted responses. Despite the widespread use of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) and new bio-nanofertilizers, their impact on crop production is absent in the literature. Therefore, our research is focused on the agronomic effect of spray application of gold nanoparticles anchored to SiO mesoporous silica (AuSi-NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), and iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) on sunflowers under real-world environments.

Improving biofortification success rates and productivity through zinc nanocomposites in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop; most of it is consumed in nations where malnutrition is a serious problem, and its enrichment through biofortification can be used to efficiently combat hidden hunger. Here, we studied the effect of two zinc forms, i.

β-Cyclocitral: Emerging Bioactive Compound in Plants.

β-cyclocitral (βCC), a main apocarotenoid of β-carotene, increases plants' resistance against stresses. It has recently appeared as a novel bioactive composite in a variety of organisms from plants to animals. In plants, βCC marked as stress signals that accrue under adverse ecological conditions.

Effect of zinc and iron oxide nanoparticles on plant physiology, seed quality and microbial community structure in a rice-soil-microbial ecosystem.

In this study, we assessed the impact of zinc oxide (ZnO) and iron oxide (FeO) (<36 nm) nanoparticles (NPs) as well as their sulphate salt (bulk) counterpart (0, 25, 100 mg/kg) on rice growth and seed quality as well as the microbial community in the rhizosphere environment of rice. During the rice growing season 2021-22, all experiments were conducted in a greenhouse (temperature: day 30 °C; night 20 °C; relative humidity: 70%; light period: 16 h/8 h, day/night) in rice field soil. Results showed that low concentrations of FeO and ZnO NPs (25 mg/kg) promoted rice growth (height (29%, 16%), pigment content (2%, 3%)) and grain quality parameters such as grains per spike (8%, 9%), dry weight of grains (12%, 14%) respectively.

Antimicrobial therapeutics isolated from algal source: retrospect and prospect.

In the last few decades, attention on new natural antimicrobial compounds has arisen due to a change in consumer preferences and the increase in the number of resistant microorganisms. Algae are defined as photosynthetic organisms that demonstrate a wide range of adaptability to adverse environmental conditions like temperature extremes, photo-oxidation, high or low salinity, and osmotic stress. Algae are primarily known to produce large amounts of secondary metabolite against various kinds of pathogenic microbes.

Modulation of Cellular Redox Status and Antioxidant Defense System after Synergistic Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Salicylic Acid in Rice () Plant under Arsenic Stress.

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and/or salicylic acid (SA) under arsenic (As) stress on rice (). ZnONPs are analyzed for various techniques viz., X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Structural analysis of extrafloral nectaries of Senna occidentalis L.: insights on diversity and evolution.

The extrafloral nectaries of S. occidentalis were studied structurally and anatomically (at secretory and post-secretory developmental stages). Role of extrafloral nectaries as a common plant-adoptive characteristic in context to diversity and phylogenetic pattern was also speculated while exploring other collaborative evolutionary implications of this plant.

Nanopriming with phytosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles for promoting germination and starch metabolism in rice seeds.

The application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in agricultural field is emerging and relatively new. In this work, a simple, cost-efficient, non-toxic and eco-friendly method for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs by Senna occidentalis leaf extract has been described. Techniques used to characterize nanoparticles (NPs) were X-ray diffractometer (XRD), UV visible spectroscopy, Particle size analyzer (PSA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Eco-friendly synthesis of phytochemical-capped iron oxide nanoparticles as nano-priming agent for boosting seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Recently the applications of engineered nanoparticles in the agricultural sector is increased as nano-pesticides, nano-fertilizers, nanocarrier for macro- or micronutrients, nano-sensors, etc. In this study, biocompatible iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) have been synthesized through an environment-friendly route using Cassia occidentalis L. flower extract to act as nano-priming agent for promoting germination of Pusa basmati rice seeds.

A review of CRISPR associated genome engineering: application, advances and future prospects of genome targeting tool for crop improvement.

The Cas9 nuclease initiates double-stranded breaks at the target position in DNA, which are repaired by the intracellular restoration pathways to eliminate or insert pieces of DNA. CRISPR-Cas9 is proficient and cost-effective since cutting is guided by a piece of RNA instead of protein. Emphasis on this technology, in contrast with two recognized genome editing platforms (i.

Identification of drought stress-responsive genes in rice () by meta-analysis of microarray data.

Meta-analysis provides a systematic access to the previously studied microarray datasets that can recognize several commonsignatures of stresses. Three different datasets of abiotic stresses on rice were used for meta-analysis. These microarray datasets were normalized to regulate data for technical variation, as opposed to biological differences between the samples.

A comparative screening of abiotic stress tolerance in early flowering rice mutants.

Oryza sativa L. (Rice) a grain crop grown considerably in areas frequented with abiotic stresses has a higher heat and drought tolerance and is deemed a model crop for tolerance studies. Manifold environment testing facilitates recognition of constant genotypes of rice mutants for adverse abiotic stress conditions.