Enhancing environmental sustainability through a household pharmaceuticals take-back program in Jordan.

Most homes have unwanted, discarded, unused, or expired pharmaceuticals. These pharmaceuticals can pose health risks if they are not properly disposed of. Active pharmaceutical ingredients have been detected in water resources at an alarming level globally and recently in Jordanian waters.

Prospects of sustainable waste management in developing countries: A case study from Jordan.

This study examined the key challenges obstructing the sustainable development in the waste management sector in Jordan. A questionnaire was designed and conveyed to stakeholders to collect their perspectives on the key challenges and the waste management data parameters. It was concluded that the most critical challenges are the lack of strict laws and legislation, inefficient management, insufficient financial capacity, the lack of strict laws and regulations, and the lack of public awareness and contribution.

Anti-littering in developing countries: Motivating the people of Jordan.

Littering in developing countries remains a problem that has not been overcome, and past research based on a trial-and-error approach has not solved the problem. In this study, a questionnaire was constructed and distributed to the people of Jordan. People were asked to indicate what motivates them to use the litter bins.

Modeling of dioxin levels in pine needles exposed to solid waste open combustion emissions.

Incomplete open combustion of solid waste produces a range of dioxin compounds which have the ability to accumulate in mediums such as organic soil and leave's wax at levels that are proportional to its ambient concentrations. Biomonitoring of contamination levels in pine needles have been used to assess the severity of atmospheric pollution due to the ability of the needles to store considerable amounts of pollutants including dioxin. Information about the dioxin levels in trees leaves are of an additional value since stored dioxin in leaves can also be conveyed to other animals higher in the food chain, or could migrate to underlying soils because of rain effect.

Evaluating the effect of rain on the fate of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) accumulated in polluted trees in Amman, Jordan.

Open combustion of solid waste is one of the main sources of the emission of dioxin and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). Ambient dioxin will eventually undergo depositions on soils and tree leaves. Pine trees have shown an ability to store dioxin in their needles allowing biomonitoring of dioxin atmospheric concentrations.

Factors influencing spontaneous combustion of solid waste.

Landfill fires create a critical problem for landfill operators and require investigation of its occurrence and the conditions that favor its initiation. Subsurface fires are considered the most significant due to the difficulty in determining their location and extent. These fires are mainly caused by spontaneous combustion, combustion due to high temperature in absence of flame.