FAPI PET uptake patterns after invasive medical interventions: a single center retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-inhibitor (FAPI)-PET tracers allow imaging of the FAP-expressing cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) and also the normal activated fibroblasts (NAF) involved in inflammation/fibrosis that may be present after invasive medical interventions. We evaluated [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 uptake patterns post-medical/invasive non-systemic interventions.

Methods: This single-center retrospective analysis was conducted in 79 consecutive patients who underwent [Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT.

Calculation of the estimated glomerular filtration rate using the 2021 CKD-EPI creatinine equation and whole blood creatinine values measured with Radiometer ABL 827 FLEX.

Objectives: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) can be calculated using serum/plasma creatinine measured with automated chemistry analyzers. It is unclear whether eGFR can be calculated using creatinine values measured in whole blood (WB creatinine). The aim of this study is to determine the comparability between the eGFR calculated using WB creatinine and plasma creatinine.

Head-to-Head Comparison of Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and mpMRI with a Histopathology Gold Standard in the Detection, Intraprostatic Localization, and Determination of Local Extension of Primary Prostate Cancer: Results from a Prospective Single-Center Imaging Trial.

The role of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET in comparison to multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in the evaluation of intraprostatic cancer foci is not well defined. The aim of our study was to compare the diagnostic performance of Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (PSMA PET/CT), mpMRI, and PSMA PET/CT + mpMRI using 3 independent masked readers for each modality and with histopathology as the gold standard in the detection, intraprostatic localization, and determination of local extension of primary prostate cancer. Patients with intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer who underwent PSMA PET/CT as part of a prospective trial (NCT03368547) and mpMRI before radical prostatectomy were included.

A novel read methodology to evaluate the optimal dose of Ga-satoreotide trizoxetan as a PET imaging agent in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: a phase II clinical trial.

Background: Ga-satoreotide trizoxetan is a novel somatostatin receptor antagonist exhibiting higher tumour-to-background ratios and sensitivity compared to Ga-DOTATOC. This randomised, 2 × 3 factorial, phase II study aimed to confirm the optimal peptide mass and radioactivity ranges for Ga-satoreotide trizoxetan, using binary visual reading. To that end, 24 patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours received 5-20 µg of Ga-satoreotide trizoxetan on day 1 of the study and 30-45 µg on day 16-22, with one of three gallium-68  radioactivity ranges (40-80, 100-140, or 160-200 MBq) per visit.

Safety of PSMA-Targeted Molecular Radioligand Therapy with Lu-PSMA-617: Results from the Prospective Multicenter Phase 2 Trial RESIST-PC (NCT03042312).

The purpose of this analysis was to report the safety evaluation of Lu-PSMA-617 derived from the cohort of 64 patients exposed to Lu-PSMA-617 in the RESIST-PC trial NCT03042312 RESIST-PC was a prospective multicenter phase 2 trial. Patients with progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after ≥ 1 novel androgen-axis drug, either chemotherapy naïve or postchemotherapy, with sufficient bone marrow reserve, normal kidney function, sufficient PSMA expression by PSMA PET, and no PSMA-negative soft-tissue lesions were eligible. Patients were randomized (1:1) into 2 activity groups (6.

A Randomized, Factorial Phase II Study to Determine the Optimal Dosing Regimen for Ga-Satoreotide Trizoxetan as an Imaging Agent in Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Ga-satoreotide trizoxetan is a novel somatostatin receptor antagonist associated with high sensitivity and reproducibility in neuroendocrine tumor (NET) detection and localization. However, the optimal peptide mass and radioactivity ranges for Ga-satoreotide trizoxetan have not yet been established. We therefore aimed to determine its optimal dosing regimen in patients with metastatic gastroenteropancreatic NETs in a prospective, randomized, 2 × 3 factorial, multicenter phase II study.

Worse prognosis for IDH wild-type diffuse gliomas with larger residual biological tumor burden.

Objective: The association of overall survival (OS) with tumor burden, including contrast enhanced (CE) volume on CE T1-weighted images, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense volume, and 3, 4-dihydroxy-6-[F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) hypermetabolic volume, in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type gliomas remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between biological tumor burden in pre- and post-operative status and OS in IDH wild-type gliomas, and evaluated which volume was the best predictor of OS.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with treatment-naïve IDH wild-type gliomas (WHO grade II 6, III 15, IV 13) were retrospectively included.

Prospective phase 2 trial of PSMA-targeted molecular RadiothErapy with Lu-PSMA-617 for metastatic castration-reSISTant Prostate Cancer (RESIST-PC): efficacy results of the UCLA cohort.

The objective of this study was to determine prospectively the efficacy profile of 2 activity regimens of Lu-PSMA therapy in patients with progressive metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): 6.0 vs. 7.

Preferential tumor localization in relation to F-FDOPA uptake for lower-grade gliomas.

Purpose: Although tumor localization and 3,4-dihydroxy-6-F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) uptake may have an association, preferential tumor localization in relation to FDOPA uptake is yet to be investigated in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). This study aimed to identify differences in the frequency of tumor localization between FDOPA hypometabolic and hypermetabolic LGGs using a probabilistic radiographic atlas.

Methods: Fifty-one patients with newly diagnosed LGG (WHO grade II, 29; III, 22; isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type, 21; mutant 1p19q non-codeleted,16; mutant codeleted, 14) who underwent FDOPA positron emission tomography (PET) were retrospectively selected.

Differentiating IDH status in human gliomas using machine learning and multiparametric MR/PET.

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a voxel-wise clustering method of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) images using an unsupervised, two-level clustering approach followed by support vector machine in order to classify the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status of gliomas.

Methods: Sixty-two treatment-naïve glioma patients who underwent FDOPA PET and MRI were retrospectively included. Contrast enhanced T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, apparent diffusion coefficient maps, and relative cerebral blood volume maps, and FDOPA PET images were used for voxel-wise feature extraction.

The Impact of F-DCFPyL PET-CT Imaging on Initial Staging, Radiation, and Systemic Therapy Treatment Recommendations for Veterans With Aggressive Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Our purpose was to study the effect of 2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-pentyl}-ureido)-pentanedioic acid (F-DCFPyL) positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) on staging/treatment recommendations of previously untreated prostate cancer. We report here results of a prospective single center single arm imaging trial within Veterans Affairs (Greater Los Angeles): the frequency of patients upstaged to M1 disease (primary endpoint) and the frequency of patients with change in treatment recommendations (secondary endpoint). This is the first report of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET-CT exclusive to U.

Multiparametric MR-PET measurements in hypermetabolic regions reflect differences in molecular status and tumor grade in treatment-naïve diffuse gliomas.

Purpose: To assess whether hypermetabolically-defined regions of interest (ROIs) on 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) could be used to evaluate physiological features and whether there are measurable differences between molecular subtypes and tumor grades.

Methods: Sixty-eight treatment-naïve glioma patients who underwent FDOPA PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were retrospectively included. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense regions (FLAIR) were segmented.

In vivo quantification of lumbar disc degeneration: assessment of ADC value using a degenerative scoring system based on Pfirrmann framework.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a quantitative means to assess the degree of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration contextually within the framework of a widely used Pfirrmann classification rather than in a direct correlation with Pfirrmann grades.

Methods: DWI and T2-weighted (T2w) of lumbar spine were acquired from nine healthy volunteers (age range 27-62 years, mean age 45 years) with a 3T MR scanner. ADC values were obtained from each of the five lumbar discs via a pixel-by-pixel ADC calculation as well as via region of interest-averaged image intensities.

Impact of factors affecting the residual tumor size diagnosed by MRI following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in comparison to pathology.

Background And Objectives: To investigate accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measuring residual tumor size in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: Ninety-eight patients were studied. Several MRI were performed during NAC for response monitoring, and the residual tumor size was measured on last MRI after completing NAC.

Early clinical PET imaging results with the novel PHF-tau radioligand [F18]-T808.

Aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau (PHF-tau), such as neurofibrillary tangles, are linked to the degree of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. We have recently reported early clinical results of a novel PHF-tau targeting PET imaging agent, [F18]-T807. Since then, we have investigated a second novel PHF-tau targeting PET imaging agent, [F18]-T808, with different pharmacokinetic characteristics, which may be favorable for imaging Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies.

Effect of taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy on fibroglandular tissue volume and percent breast density in the contralateral normal breast evaluated by 3T MR.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of breast density in the normal breast of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Forty-four breast cancer patients were studied. MRI acquisition was performed before treatment (baseline), and 4 and 12 weeks after treatment.

Optical imaging correlates with magnetic resonance imaging breast density and reveals composition changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Introduction: In addition to being a risk factor for breast cancer, breast density has been hypothesized to be a surrogate biomarker for predicting response to endocrine-based chemotherapies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a noninvasive bedside scanner based on diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI) provides quantitative metrics to measure and track changes in breast tissue composition and density. To access a broad range of densities in a limited patient population, we performed optical measurements on the contralateral normal breast of patients before and during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Early clinical PET imaging results with the novel PHF-tau radioligand [F-18]-T807.

Aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau (PHF-tau), such as neurofibrillary tangles, are linked to the degree of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a novel PHF-tau targeting positron emission tomography imaging agent, [F-18]-T807, which may be useful for imaging Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Here in, we describe the first human brain images with [F-18]-T807.

Diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging for assessing tumor response in patients with HER2-negative breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with molecular biomarker profile.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of hormone receptor (HR) and Ki-67 proliferation markers in predicting the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measuring residual tumor size in patients with HER2-negative (HER2(-)) breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Patients And Methods: Fifty-four women were studied. Patients received AC (doxorubicin (Adriamycin)/cyclophosphamide) and/or taxane-based regimens.

Comparison of breast density measured on MR images acquired using fat-suppressed versus nonfat-suppressed sequences.

Purpose: To investigate the difference of MR percent breast density measured from fat-suppressed versus nonfat-suppressed imaging sequences.

Methods: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without fat suppression was acquired from 38 subjects. Breasts were divided into subgroups of different morphological patterns ("central" and "intermingled" types).

Breast cancer: evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 3.0-T MR imaging.

Purpose: To assess how the molecular biomarker status of a breast cancer, including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), hormone receptors, and the proliferation marker Ki-67 status, affects the diagnosis at 3.0-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board and was HIPAA compliant.

Spatial shrinkage/expansion patterns between breast density measured in two MRI scans evaluated by non-rigid registration.

Breast MRI acquires many images from the breast, and computer-aided algorithms and display tools are often used to assist the radiologist's interpretation. Women with lifetime risk greater than 20% of developing breast cancer are recommended to receive annual screening MRI, but the current breast MRI computer-aided-diagnosis systems do not provide the necessary function for comparison of images acquired at different times. The purpose of this work was to develop registration methods for evaluating the spatial change pattern of fibroglandular tissue between two breast MRI scans of the same woman taken at different times.

Decrease in breast density in the contralateral normal breast of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy: MR imaging evaluation.

Purpose: To investigate the change of breast density with quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the contralateral normal breast of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board and was HIPAA compliant. Informed consent was obtained.

Pharmacokinetics and antihypertensive effects of candesartan cilexetil in patients undergoing haemodialysis: an open-label, single-centre study.

Background And Objective: In patients with endstage renal failure (ERF), activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in the onset and maintenance of arterial hypertension. This study aimed to elucidate the antihypertensive effect, pharmacokinetics and safety of candesartan cilexetil in patients with ERF undergoing haemodialysis.

Methods: In 14 anuric hypertensive patients undergoing haemodialysis (mean+/- SD 24-hour systolic [SBP]/diastolic [DBP] blood pressure [BP] 142.