Isolated intracholecystic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma: A report of a rare case.

Renal cell carcinomas are known for their unforeseeable metastatic pattern. They are known to have high metastatic potential, thus commonly associated with synchronous or metachronous metastatic presentation. At the time of diagnosis, approximately one-third of patients present with metastatic disease.

A randomised control trial study of early post-operative pain and intraoperative surgeon workload following laparoscopic mesh repair of midline ventral hernia by enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal onlay mesh plus approach.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the peri-operative outcomes, especially intraoperative surgeon workload and early post-operative pain, following midline ventral hernia repair by laparoscopic enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach and laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh plus (IPOM plus) approach.

Patients And Methods: This single-centre randomised control trial study was conducted from January 2020 to June 2022. A total of 60 adult patients undergoing elective ventral hernia surgery with small- and medium-sized midline defects were included.

Effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Quality of Life.

Purpose: The clinical benefits of bariatric surgery are well-established, but the impact of bariatric surgery on psychosocial outcomes such as health-related quality of life (HRQL) is less clear. The aim of this study is to assess the Quality of life (QOL) as a whole and in separate domains in post-bariatric surgery patients.

Methodology: A single unit cross-sectional analysis of a prospective study is done on QOL in 51 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy at tertiary hospital.

Retraction notice to: Sensitization of squamous cell carcinoma to cisplatin induced killing by natural agents.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

Retraction notice to "Notch-1 induces Epithelial-mesenchymal transition consistent with cancer stem cell phenotype in pancreatic cancer cells".

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

Clinico-epidemiological profile of breast cancer patients and the retrospective application of Gail model 2: An Indian perspective.

Aim: To study the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients of breast cancer presenting at our center at New Delhi, India and to evaluate the applicability of Gail model 2 as a means of measuring 5-year and lifetime risk in our already diagnosed cases of breast cancer.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Lady Hardinge Medical College Hospital in New Delhi, India, between January 2011 and July 2014. Two hundred and twenty two diagnosed cases of breast cancer were included.

Comparative Analysis of Differentially Expressed miRNAs and their Downstream mRNAs in Ovarian Cancer and its Associated Endometriosis.

Objective: There is an increased risk of developing ovarian cancer (OC) in patients with endometriosis. Hence, development of new biomarkers may provide a positive clinical outcome for early detection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in biological and pathological process and are currently used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in various cancers.

Differential Expression of MicroRNAs in Tissues and Plasma Co-exists as a Biomarker for Pancreatic Cancer.

Objective: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal disease with disappointing results from current treatment modalities, suggesting that novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) are important player in biology, the clinical utility of miRNAs for designing novel therapeutics is an active area of research. The objective of the present study was to examine differentially expressed miRNAs between normal and tumor tissues, and in plasma samples obtained from PC patients, chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients and healthy subjects (HC).

Identification of Differentially Expressed miRNAs in Appendiceal Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma from Mucinous Cystadenoma.

Objective: Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of appendix is a rare entity. Differentiating mucinous cystadenocarcinoma from mucinous cystadenoma is very challenging and depends on establishing the presence of malignant cells in the appendix wall. The invasion may be very difficult to assess in some cases, especially in early stages of the disease, which could have devastating prognostic effects on patients.

Randomised Controlled Trial of Day-Case Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy vs Routine Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

Many randomised controlled trials conducted worldwide favours for day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but questions have been raised regarding its application in developing country like ours. Hence, considering it a high time to review current practices, we conducted this trial to report our experience with day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to access its feasibility and safety in our set-up. Data from 65 patients with symptomatic gallstone were randomised to perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy either as day-case procedure or as routine (conventional) procedure.

The Role of Cancer Stem Cells in Recurrent and Drug-Resistant Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 20 %. Considering the treatments currently available, this statistics is shocking. A possible explanation for the disconnect between sophisticated treatments and the survival rate can be related to the post-treatment enrichment of Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), which is one of a sub-set of drug resistant tumor cells with abilities of self-renewal, cancer initiation, and further maintenance of tumors.

Giant Retroperitoneal Lymphangioma: a Rare Entity.

Retroperitoneal lymphangiomas are rare benign tumors, and the exact incidence of which is not well known. They usually arise from the developmental abnormalities of retroperitoneal lymphatics or their traumatic rupture. Confusion with other cystic tumors of the retroperitoneum including those arising from the kidney and pancreas is common.

Differential Expression of MicroRNAs in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Their Role in Racial Disparity.

Objective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play important roles in the diagnosis and prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and they are useful in developing targeted therapies. However, there have been no studies on the existence of racial differences in miRNAs expression that could explain differential overall survival of PTC patients. Expression analysis of miRNAs in major racial groups would be important for optimizing personalized treatment strategies.

Contribution of microRNAs in understanding the pancreatic tumor microenvironment involving cancer associated stellate and fibroblast cells.

Understanding of molecular events associated with tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer (PC) is an active area of research especially because of the rich desmoplasia seen in human PC. Desmoplasia is contributed by several cell types including cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) and stellate cells (PSCs), which are believed to play critical roles in conferring aggressiveness to PC. The aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in PSCs and CAF cells appears to play a pivotal role in the development and progression of PC.

Retrorectal cystic hamartoma: a problematic 'tail'.

The retrorectal space is an uncommon seat for neoplastic masses. Retrorectal hamartoma or tailgut cyst (TGC) is an uncommon developmental cystic lesion occurring in this space which mostly occurs in middle-aged females. We recently cared for a 16-year-old girl who presented with vague lower abdominal pain and occasional constipation.

Short and hypertrophic ligament of treitz: a rare cause of superior mesentric artery syndrome.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare form of upper intestinal obstruction in which the third part of the duodenum is compressed between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta, secondary to any condition decreasing the angle between these two arteries. We recently cared for a young male who came with features of proximal small bowel obstruction. On investigation, there was extrinsic duodenal obstruction.

Metformin may function as anti-cancer agent via targeting cancer stem cells: the potential biological significance of tumor-associated miRNAs in breast and pancreatic cancers.

Metformin is one of the most used diabetic drugs for the management of type II diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. Increased numbers of epidemiological and clinical studies have provided convincing evidence supporting the role of metformin in the development and progression of a variety of human tumors including breast and pancreatic cancer. Substantial pre-clinical evidence from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies strongly suggests that metformin has an anti-cancer activity mediated through the regulation of several cell signaling pathways including activation of AMP kinase (AMPK), and other direct and indirect mechanisms; however, the detailed mechanism(s) has not yet been fully understood.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in epidermal inclusion cyst of breast: a diagnostic dilemma.

Epidermal, or inclusion, cysts are frequently seen benign lesions that are lined with stratified squamous epithelium. Malignant transformation of these is rare, occurring in 0.011% to 0.

Deregulation of miR-146a expression in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer affecting EGFR signaling.

Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays important roles in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer (PC). Expression analysis of miR-146a in human PC tissues showed decreased expression in about 80% of samples compared to corresponding non-cancerous tissue. Moreover, expression of miR-146a in eight PC cell lines, and in pancreatic tissues obtained from transgenic mouse models of K-Ras (K), Pdx1-Cre (C), K-Ras;Pdx1-Cre (KC) and K-Ras;Pdx1-Cre;INK4a/Arf (KCI), showed down-regulation of miR-146a expression in KCI mice which was in part led to over-expression of its target gene, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Differentially expressed miRNAs in cancer-stem-like cells: markers for tumor cell aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most deadly cancers. The higher mortality is in part due to treatment resistance and early onset of metastasis. The existence of cancer-stem-like cells (CSLCs) has been widely accepted to be responsible for tumor aggressiveness in PC.

Pancreatic cancer stem-like cells display aggressive behavior mediated via activation of FoxQ1.

Subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) have been identified from most tumors, including pancreatic cancer (PC), and the existence of these cells is clinically relevant. Emerging evidence suggests that CSLCs participate in cell growth/proliferation, migration/invasion, metastasis, and chemo-radiotherapy resistance, ultimately contributing to poor clinical outcome. However, the pathogenesis and biological significance of CSLCs in PC has not been well characterized.