Therapeutic stratagems for vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye.

In this review we discuss insights into therapeutic stratagems that can selectively target the choroid, retinal cells and vitreoretinal space for the treatment of vision-threatening vascular degenerative disorders of the posterior eye. Despite the relative success of these novel drugs, new problems related to its delivery remain. Systems carrying drugs to the target site, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, vectosomes, spanlastics, micelles, dendrimers and implants are also discussed.

Microscopic and spectroscopic evaluation of novel PLGA-chitosan Nanoplexes as an ocular delivery system.

The interaction of PLGA-chitosan Nanoplexes with ocular mucosa was investigated ex vivo and in vivo to assess their potential as ocular delivery system. Fluorescent Rhodamine Nanoplexes (Rd-Nanoplexes) were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. The size and morphology of Nanoplexes was investigated by TEM, SEM and PCS.

Stability-indicating ultra-performance liquid chromatography method for the estimation of thymoquinone and its application in biopharmaceutical studies.

Thymoquinone (THQ) is known for its neuroprotective and anti-convulsant properties in preclinical studies. We herewith describe a simple, rapid, selective, sensitive and stability-indicating UPLC method for the estimation of THQ and its application to biopharmaceutical studies such as in vitro release from nanoparticulate system and in vivo pharmacokinetic study. The method employed gradient elution using a Waters Acquity HSS-T3 C(18) (100 × 2.

Metallic nanoparticles: technology overview & drug delivery applications in oncology.

Importance Of The Field: The targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to tumour cells is a challenge because most of the chemotherapeutic agents distribute to the whole body, which results in general toxicity and poor acceptance by patients and sometimes discontinuation of the treatment. Metallic nanoparticles have been used for a huge number of applications in various areas of medical treatment. Metallic nanoparticles are emerging as new carrier and contrast agents in cancer treatment.

Insights into the novel three 'D's of epilepsy treatment: drugs, delivery systems and devices.

Here, we review three 'D's--drugs, delivery systems and devices--that can selectively target not only brain regions but also abnormal cells in the epileptic nervous system. This review also offers insights into the novel molecular targets that enabled the development of new antiepileptic drugs with improved efficacy. Nanotechnology-based delivery systems and alert, diagnostic, surgical and brain stimulation devices designed for the control and management of epilepsy are also discussed.

Ultra high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay of moxifloxacin in rabbit aqueous humor after topical instillation of moxifloxacin nanoparticles.

The present report describes a rapid and sensitive ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method with UV detection to quantify moxifloxacin in rabbit aqueous humor. After deproteinisation with acetonitrile, gradient separation of moxifloxacin was achieved on a Waters Acquity BEH C18 (50mmx2.1mm, 1.

Quantitative analysis of safranal in saffron extract and nanoparticle formulation by a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method.

Introduction: Safranal is an effective anticonvulsant shown to act as an agonist at GABA(A) receptors. Nose to brain delivery via nanoparticle formulation might improve its brain delivery. A selective and sensitive analytical method is required for evaluation of safranal-based novel drug delivery systems.

CNS drug delivery systems: novel approaches.

The brain is a delicate organ, and nature has very efficiently protected it. The brain is shielded against potentially toxic substances by the presence of two barrier systems: the blood brain barrier (BBB) and the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Unfortunately, the same mechanisms that protect it against intrusive chemicals can also frustrate therapeutic interventions.

Microemulsions: a novel approach to enhanced drug delivery.

Microemulsions are isotropic, thermodynamically stable transparent (or translucent) systems of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a cosurfactant with a droplet size usually in the range of 20-200 nm. They can be classified as oil-in-water (o/w), water-in-oil (w/o) or bicontinuous systems depending on their structure and are characterized by ultra low interfacial tension between oil and water phases. These versatile systems are currently of great technological and scientific interest to the researchers because of their potential to incorporate a wide range of drug molecules (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) due to the presence of both lipophilic and hydrophilic domains.

Buccoadhesive drug delivery systems--extensive review on recent patents.

Peroral administration of drugs, although most preferred by both clinicians and patients has several disadvantages such as hepatic first pass metabolism and enzymatic degradation within the GI tract, that prohibit oral administration of certain classes of drugs especially peptides and proteins. Consequently, other absorptive mucosae are considered as potential sites for administration of these drugs. Among the various transmucosal routes studied the buccal mucosa offers several advantages for controlled drug delivery for extended period of time.