A review on biofilm-based reactors for wastewater treatment: Recent advancements in biofilm carriers, kinetics, reactors, economics, and future perspectives.

Industrialization plays an important role in the growth of a nation. But it is also added to the deteriorating condition of our ecosystem. Pollution, be it aquatic, terrestrial, or airborne, has affected our environment drastically and the surge of industries and growing population plays a major role in it.

Enhanced biodegradation of hydrocarbons in petroleum tank bottom oil sludge and characterization of biocatalysts and biosurfactants.

Petroleum hydrocarbon removal from tank bottom oil sludge is a major issue due to its properties. Conventional physicochemical treatment techniques are less effective. Though the bioremediation is considered for the hydrocarbon removal from tank bottom oil sludge, the efficiency is low and time taking due to the low yield of biocatalysts and biosurfactants.