Endophytic to total tumour volume ratio: An added variable to patients with T1b/T2 renal tumours undergoing partial nephrectomy.

Introduction: Partial nephrectomy is the standard of care to patients with small renal masses. It is still encouraged to larger tumours whenever feasible. The aim of this study is to look for the endophytic to total tumour volume ratio as an added variable to study the complexity of partial nephrectomy to patients with T1b/ T2 renal tumours.

Thulium Fiber Laser Pulse-Modulated Holmium MOSES Laser in Flexible Ureteroscopy for the Management of Kidney Stones: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.

The study's primary objective was to compare the laser efficiency and clinical outcomes of two widely used systems, the holmium MOSES laser and the thulium fiber laser (TFL), in managing kidney stones. The secondary outcomes were to evaluate the impact of stone composition on laser efficacy. We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent flexible ureteroscopy (f-URS) for solitary renal calculi between December 2020 and August 2022 at our institution and had a 3-month postoperative CT scan.

History of infantile BCG immunization did not predict lamina propria invasion and/or high-grade in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of infantile BCG vaccination history in predicting stage and grade of tumours in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients from a single center who were diagnosed with new NMIBC and underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) between 2017 and 2022. We assessed BCG immunization status with various demographics and comorbidities, as well as tumour recurrence, progression, stage, and grade.

Adverse pathological outcomes of patients with de novo muscle invasive bladder cancer in Northern Ontario.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with de novo muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who underwent radical cystectomy in Northern Ontario.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with de novo T2 MIBC who underwent radical cystectomy over a 2-year-period in Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre. Clinical and pathological characteristics of Trans Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumors and cystectomy specimens were analyzed.

Factors Predicting Successful Same-Day Trial of Void (TOV) After Laser Vaporization of the Prostate.

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of same-day urethral catheter removal after laser vaporization of the prostate and to identify factors contributing to a successful trial of void (TOV).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 98 patients who underwent laser vaporization of the prostate using GreenLight or Holmium Xpeeda laser fibers from April 2018 to March 2021. All patients included in the study were offered a same-day TOV and had their catheters removed 3 hours postoperatively.

The value of the apparent diffusion coefficient value in the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018.

Purpose: To assess role of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 for the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 137 hepatic focal lesions in 108 patients at risk of HCC, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the liver. Hepatic focal lesions were classified according to LI-RADS-v2018, and ADC of hepatic lesions was calculated by 2 independent blinded reviewers.

Diagnostic assessment program for prostate cancer: Lessons learned after 2 years and degree of compliance to Canadian guidelines.

Background: In 2018, our Institute launched the Diagnostic Assessment Program (DAP) for prostate cancer. It enabled quick access to a urologist for patients presented to family physician with elevated PSA and allowed fast multidisciplinary patient care. We aim to document our data over 2 years in comparison to data before implementation of DAP and its impact on the degree of adherence to Canadian guidelines.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C-Related Cirrhosis: Are Advanced Glycation End Products a Key Driver?

Background And Purpose: The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in different diseases' pathogenesis, but their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still a matter of debate. This study aims to investigate the association of AGEs with HCC development in patients with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis.

Methods: Only 153 of the 181 non-diabetic patients with cirrhosis were consecutively involved in this pilot cohort prospective study, along with 34 healthy control participants.

Pulsed fluoroscopy in retrograde urethrograms.

Objectives: Retrograde urethrogram (RUG) is one of the corner stones for the reconstructive urologist. With hundreds of RUGs being performed yearly in busy reconstructive center, the concern for radiation exposure to the patient and the medical personnel becomes important. We propose the use of pulsed fluoroscopy to decrease the radiation exposure for patient and medical personnel.

Miniaturized Ambulatory Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Versus Flexible Ureteroscopy in the Management of Lower Calyceal Renal Stones 10-20 mm: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ambulatory mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Mini-PCNL) and flexible ureteroscope (F-URS) in treating 10-20 mm lower calyceal stones using propensity score matching analysis (PSM).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 136 adult patients that underwent Mini-PCNL or F-URS for a single lower calyx calculus. Participants that underwent F-URS were allocated to Group I, while those who underwent Mini-PCNL were assigned to Group II.

Portal Vein Thrombosis in Non-Cirrhotic Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A 9-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Approximately 30-40% of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) remains of unknown origin. The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and PVT is a matter of debate. This study aimed to investigate the association between PVT and NAFLD.

A Systematic Review of the Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Serum Creatinine and Cystatin C Measurements.

Introduction: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant that can regenerate glutathione and is primarily used for acetaminophen overdose. NAC has been tested and used for preventing iatrogenic acute kidney injury or slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease, with mixed results. There are conflicting reports that NAC may artificially lower measured serum creatinine without improving kidney function, potentially by assay interference.

Pneumatic vs laser lithotripsy for mid-ureteric stones: Clinical and cost effectiveness results of a prospective trial in a developing country.

Objective: To compare the management of large ureteric stones (>10 mm) with ureterorenoscopy (URS) and laser or pneumatic lithotripsy, and their associated costs.

Patients And Methods: Our prospective study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and included 101 patients with large mid-ureteric stones eligible for URS and lithotripsy, and was conducted between January 2018 and August 2019. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 had laser lithotripsy, while the Group 2 had lithotripsy using a pneumatic energy source.

Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor in both conventional and drug eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization for treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV patients.

Objectives: This work aimed to measure serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels before and after Conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) versus drug-eluting beads (DEB)-TACE and evaluate its efficacy in predicting response to therapy and tumor recurrence.

Methods: 114 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma complicating hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis were included. They underwent cTACE (58) or DEB-TACE (56).

Gallbladder Cancer: Imaging Appearance and Pitfalls in Diagnosis [Formula: see text].

Gallbladder cancer is an uncommon malignancy with an overall poor prognosis. The clinical and imaging presentation of gallbladder cancer often overlaps with benign disease, making diagnosis difficult. Gallbladder cancer is most easily diagnosed on imaging when it presents as a mass replacing the gallbladder.

Reproducibility of LI-RADS treatment response algorithm for hepatocellular carcinoma after locoregional therapy.

Purpose: To determine inter-reader agreement in categorizing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with locoregional therapy using the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) treatment response (LR-TR) algorithm.

Materials And Methods: A total of 93 patients with a total of 112 HCC nodules that were treated using thermal ablation or transarterial chemoembolization were prospectively included. There were 79 men and 14 women with a mean age of 55±2.

Prediction of Progression in Polycystic Kidney Disease Using the Kidney Failure Risk Equation and Ultrasound Parameters.

Background: The kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) is a validated risk algorithm for predicting the risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients regardless of etiology. Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (AD-PCKD) experience long disease trajectories and as such identifying individuals at risk of kidney failure would aid in intervention.

Objective: To examine the utility of the KFRE in predicting adverse kidney outcomes compared with existing risk factors in a cohort of patients with AD-PCKD.

Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2018: What Radiologists Need to Know.

In this article, we aim to review Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 18 (LI-RADS v2018). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic malignancy. Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System developed for standardizing interpreting, reporting, and data collection of HCC describes 5 major features for accurate HCC diagnosis and several ancillary features, some favoring HCC in particular or malignancy in general and others favoring benignity.

Percutaneous Image-Guided Biopsy of the Spleen: Experience at a Single Tertiary Care Center.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the complication rate of percutaneous image-guided biopsy of the spleen at our institution and to evaluate for variables associated with complication rate.

Methods: This is a Research Ethics Board approved retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent image-guided biopsy of the spleen at our institution from January 2010 to November 2019. Complications, imaging findings, and pathologic diagnosis were reviewed.

Interobserver Agreement of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2018.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the interobserver agreement of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2018 (LI-RADS v2018).

Subjects And Methods: Retrospective analysis was done for 119 consecutive patients (77 male and 42 female) at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent dynamic contrast MR imaging. Image analysis was done by 2 independent and blinded readers for arterial phase hyperenhancement, washout appearance, enhancing capsule appearance, and size.