2D Temperature Field Reconstruction Using Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry and Machine-Learning Algorithms.

We present experimental results on the reconstruction of the 2D temperature field on the surface of a 250 × 250 mm sensor panel based on the distributed frequency shift measured by an optical backscatter reflectometer. A linear regression and a feed-forward neural network algorithm, trained by varying the temperature field and capturing thermal images of the panel, are used for the reconstruction. In this approach, we do not use any information about the exact trajectory of the fiber, material properties of the sensor panel, and a temperature sensitivity coefficient of the fiber.

Highly Dense FBG Temperature Sensor Assisted with Deep Learning Algorithms.

In this paper, we demonstrate the application of deep neural networks (DNNs) for processing the reflectance spectrum from a fiberoptic temperature sensor composed of densely inscribed fiber bragg gratings (FBG). Such sensors are commonly avoided in practice since close arrangement of short FBGs results in distortion of the spectrum caused by mutual interference between gratings. In our work the temperature sensor contained 50 FBGs with the length of 0.

Retrospective surveillance of antibiotic use in maternity wards and neonatal intensive care units in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Antibiotic overuse in infants is associated with an increased risk of serious adverse events. Development of antibiotic stewardship programs aimed at reducing overall antibiotic consumption requires epidemiological surveillance. Retrospective surveillance and evaluation of all antibiotics provided to every infant admitted to maternal wards or neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) from 01 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 were performed in five medical centers of Saint Petersburg, Russia.

[The contribution of the department of childhood diseases of the S.M.Kirov Military-medical academy to the medical support of students of educational organizations of general education of the Ministry of Defence].

The article is devoted to the 150th anniversary of the department of childhood diseases of the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy and reflects on important activity of the department - creation of the system of medical support for students of general education institutions of the Ministry of Defense.

[Value of probiotic in reducing frequency of infectious complications in premature infants].

Fifty five premature infants with very low body weight were observed as inpatients to assess effectiveness of the nursing. The standard program of the care included: adequate primary resuscitation, respiratory support (use of surfactant), thermal mode, early provision of nutrients with full or partial parenteral nutrition, antimicrobial therapy and if possible early enteral nutrition. The patients of the main group (n = 29) along with the standard therapy (the volume of the enteral nutrition of 5 ml or more) were treated orally with liquid probiotic based on E.

The specific characteristics of DIC syndrome vary with different clinical settings in the newborn.

Abstract Two hundred fourteen newborns with serious perinatal pathology (posthypoxic syndrome, sepsis, surgical intervention, etc.) were examined in progress, according to 27 parameters including coagulative, trombocitic, anti-coagulative and fibrinolitic parts of hemostasis system. It was proved, that neonatal disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) syndrome had different hemostasiological patterns, which were connected with the genesis: sepsis, surgical intervention or posthypoxic syndrome.

[Role of various risk factors in the development and diagnosis of recurrent pain in adolescents--students of cadet corps].

Randomized single-blind case--control study is performed. In total, the cadet corp students with recurrent functional abdominal pain and headaches are examined. The paper shows the role of various risk factors in the occurrence of these states.

[Problems of delivery of health care for children of servicemen and educates of general educational institutions of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation].

On the basis of the legal, instructional-methodological data and evaluation of the organization of medical care for children and adolescents identified the main challenges of pediatric services for the optimization of the Russian Defense Ministry interagency medical personnel accompany the children and adolescents, pre-university students in military educational institutions, at the stage of military reform and optimize the structure of the military medical service. To provide medical assistance to children of servicemen and DVOU pupils in accordance with the standards of health required the integration of interagency efforts of the military-medical institutions and medical institutions of state and municipal health systems.

[Problems of hygiene of children and adolescents in the military health care].

The article presents the current issues hygiene mechanical prevention of disease in the younger generation in re-formation of the Russian Armed Forces, the economy, health, education and ecological trouble.

[Fetal inflammatory response in the development of multiple organ dysfunction in newborn].

The fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) is one of the causes of multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) in critically ill newborn infants. The paper shows a role of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the development of FIRS and MOD in neonates a correlation between the concentration of IL-8 and the number of organs involved in the pathological process and demonstrates the leading role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of the pathological processes concerned.

[Cerebral hemodymanics as a criterion for the severity of neonatal posthypoxia and efficiency of its treatment].

Twenty-five full-term neonates with severe posthypoxic syndrome, including 9 (36%) with prior acute moderate asphyxia, 8 (32%) with acute asphyxia, and 8 (32%) with associated acute asphyxia, were examined. The severity of posthypoxia and the efficiency of its treatment were evaluated, by studying cerebral and systemic hemodynamics. In children with moderate and severe asphyxia, artificial ventilation contributed to normalization of acid-base balance and infusion of dopamine in a dose of up to 5 microg/kg x min could achieve adequate cardiac output.

[Optimal therapy of children with bronchial asthma at Pyatigorsk spa].

The study of efficacy of bronchial asthma children's rehabilitation at Pyatigorsk spa with different schemes of treatment has shown that combined treatment with dry air-radon baths and halotherapy is more effective than each of these modalities alone.

[Changes in the system of antioxidant blood defence in newborns with different pathology].

Blood antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ceruloplasmin) were investigated in gestational ages and diseases. Low activity of blood superoxide dismutase and catalase were observed in premature babies and in newborns after acute and chronic hypoxia. In hemolytic disease the activity of antioxidant enzymes of newborns was significantly higher than in healthy infants.

Species, population and age diversity in cell resistance to adhesion of Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B and C.

The variation of cell adherence of meningococci serogroups A, B and C and influenza viruses was investigated in 11 animal species and in humans of different age groups (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th weeks; 2nd-3rd months; 4th-12th months, 2nd-3rd years; and 18th-60th years of life) as well as in women during pregnancy (17th-36th weeks) and childbirth. Red blood cells of all animals tested as well as of human newborns were absolutely resistant to attachment of meningococci. In neonatal and the later periods the human cells become far differently sensitive individually to meningococcal adhesion.

[Antioxidant enzymes activity of erythrocytes and indicators of blood hemodynamics of normal and hypoxic newborns in their first day of life].

The authors have found direct correlating between the enzymatic activity and the values of the total of circulation blood, erythrocytes, plasma and hematocrit. The highest activity of antioxidant-enzymes and values of hemodynamic was observed by the sixth hour of life of healthy newborns. Influenced by simultaneous effect of asphyxia and intrauterine chronic fetal hypoxia SOD, catalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities in erythrocytes remain low during the first 24 hours of life.

[Determination of multiple forms of leucine aminopeptidase in blood plasma].

The methods of evaluation of different forms of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity in human serum were elaborated. It was shown, that there are some forms of LAP in serum which has different pH optimum and different sensitivity to L-methionine and other substrates. It was found, that these forms of LAP have different activity in the blood serum of adults and infants.

[Use of antibiotics in pediatrics].

The problems of an etiotropic approach to the choice of antibiotics in the treatment of infants remain actual and require their solution which is evident from the example of some usual affections: intrahospital pneumonia of newborns, pneumonia of infant outpatients, purulent meningitis, etc. The practice of irrational therapy of some children infections such as streptococcal angina and scarlet fever, whooping cough, intestinal infections, otitis media purulenta, sinusitis is rather common. Attention should be paid to the organization of the bacteriological services and the increase of the physicians qualification in the field of antibiotic therapy and clinical microbiology.

[The action of bilirubin in vitro on the antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation of the plasma and erythrocytes of cord blood].

Plasma and erythrocytes of cord blood were incubated with bilirubin (40-400 mkMol/l) for 30 min. This incubation resulted in reduction of lipid peroxidation both in plasma and erythrocytes. The antioxidant activity increased in erythrocytes after incubation, but decreased in plasma.

[Intrauterine infections: frequency and diagnosis].

Intrauterine infections occupy a considerable place in human pathology--a conclusion drawn on the basis of original and literature data. Herpetic, cytomegalic, mycoplasma and chlamydial infections are the most important among them. Intrauterine infections may be the cause of some diseases considered as somatic ones.