Right ventricular outflow tract stenting in children with tetralogy of Fallot beyond one year of age: indications and immediate outcomes.

Introduction: Right ventricular outflow tract stenting has emerged as a key palliative intervention for infants with tetralogy of Fallot who are not suitable candidates for complete repair. Although the Blalock-Taussig shunt remains the standard palliative approach for tetralogy of Fallot patients over one year of age, the potential of right ventricular outflow tract stenting in this older age group has not been widely explored. In this study, we present our experience with right ventricular outflow tract stenting in children beyond one year of age.

Anomalies Unveiled: A Fascinating Case Study of Type I Pulmonary Artery-to-Left Atrium Fistula.

The pulmonary artery-to-left atrium (LA) fistula is one of the rare and unique structural causes of silent cyanosis. This correctable abnormality can be identified by having a high index of clinical suspicion and appropriate investigations using echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography (CT). We report an eight-year-old child who had worsening exertional dyspnea, long-standing central cyanosis, and recurrent infections.

Double Outlet of Both Ventricles With an Unusual Relationship of the Great Arteries.

Double outlet both ventricles (DOBV) is a rare form of ventriculo-arterial connection wherein the outlet septum is perpendicular to the crest of the apical muscular ventricular septum, thus committing both arterial roots equally to both ventricles. The anomaly has been described in very few reports, with clinical reports being even rarer. We report perhaps the first case of DOBV in which the relationship of the arterial roots themselves is discordant relative to the ventricular topology.

Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defects: preliminary results in children weighing 10 kg or less.

Introduction: Ventricular septal defect is one of the commonest heart defect in children and closure of this defect with devices has seen a rapid progression over a period of time. The availability of new and safer devices has made the transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect a suitable option even in young children.

Aim: The study was done to evaluate the feasibility and complications of device closure of ventricular septal defect in children weighing 10 kg or less with different types of devices.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric cardiac services in India.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted pediatric cardiac services across the globe. Limited data are available on the impact of COVID.19 on pediatric cardiac care in India.

Clinical score to detect congenital heart defects: Concept of second screening.

Introduction: Neonatal screening for congenital heart defects at birth can miss some heart defects, sometimes few critical ones, and the scenario is even worse in those neonates who had never undergone a neonatal checkup (home deliveries). Immunization clinic can serve as a unique opportunity as the second checkpoint for the screening of the children. A history- and examination-based test can serve as an effective tool to screen out children with heart defects.

Common inflammatory markers after cardiac surgery in infants and their relation to blood stream sepsis.

Background: Limited information exists on trends of common inflammatory markers after infant heart surgery and their role in identifying post-operative sepsis.

Methods: 275 consecutive infants undergoing cardiac surgery (231 with and 44 without Cardiopulmonary Bypass) were studied prospectively. Daily trends (0-4 day post-operative) of leucocyte counts, platelet counts and C-reactive protein were recorded.

Profile and risk factors for congenital heart defects: A study in a tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in children representing a major global health burden. It is thus important to determine their prevalence and spectrum and identify risk factors associated with the development of heart defects.

Materials And Methods: A case-control study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics and Center of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, from February 2014 to August 2015.

Evaluation of salivary anti-Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide IgA ELISA for serodiagnosis of typhoid fever in children.

This observational study was conducted to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ELISA for the detection of anti-Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide (LPS) salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies in 37 children with culture confirmed typhoid, 30 febrile controls with an alternative diagnosis and 30 healthy controls. The test was positive in 33/37 (89.2%) cases of typhoid, but negative in all patients in the two control groups.

Changing antibiotic sensitivity pattern and scope of chloramphenicol in the management of hospitalised patients of typhoid fever.

Enteric fever is a global health problem and there is emerging drug resistance with some reports of re-emerging sensitivity to previously used antibiotics eg, chloramphenicol. This study was done to compare the drug sensitivity pattern of enteric fever over a decade period. Twenty-five culture positive patients for S typhi from one study done between October 1993 to February 1995 and 35 positive patients from another study done between September 2005 and August 2006 in the same hospital were taken into account and their sensitivity pattern was compared.