Discovery of a broad-spectrum monoclonal antibody recognizing a conserved, linear epitope WFYDGYPT on VP1 protein of Enterovirus A species.

Background: The hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) was caused by species of Enterovirus A and Enterovirus B in the Asian-Pacific region. Broad-spectrum monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that can bind multiple serotypes of enteroviruses have gradually become a research hotspot in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of HFMD.

Methods: In this study, a mAb 1H4 was obtained using monoclonal antibody technology by immunizing purified virus particles of Coxsackievirus A5 (CV-A5).

Identification of Critical Amino Acids of Coxsackievirus A10 Associated with Cell Tropism and Viral RNA Release during Uncoating.

Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is a prevailing causative agent of hand-foot-mouth disease, necessitating the isolation and adaptation of appropriate strains in cells allowed for human vaccine development. In this study, amino acid sequences of CV-A10 strains with different cell tropism on RD and Vero cells were compared. Various amino acids on the structural and non-structural proteins related to cell tropism were identified.

Identification of a Conserved, Linear Epitope on VP3 of Species Recognized by a Broad-Spectrum Monoclonal Antibody.

Outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) have occurred frequently in the Asian-Pacific region over the last two decades, caused mainly by the serotypes in species. High-quality monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are needed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the diagnosis of enteroviruses associated HFMD. In this study, a mAb 1A11 was generated using full particles of CV-A5 as an immunogen.

Humoral and cellular immunogenicity and efficacy of a coxsackievirus A10 vaccine in mice.

Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) has become one of the major pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and studies on the vaccine and animal model of CV-A10 are still far from complete. Our study used a mouse-adapted CV-A10 strain, which was lethal for 14-day-old mice, to develop an infected mouse model. Then this model was employed to establish an actively immunized-challenged mouse model to evaluate the efficacy of a formaldehyde-inactivated CV-A10 vaccine, which was prepared from a Vero cell-adapted strain.

Associations between dietary fiber intake and cardiovascular risk factors: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Although several meta-analyses have revealed the beneficial effects of dietary fiber intake on human health, some have reported inconsistent findings. The purpose of this work was to perform an umbrella meta-analysis to evaluate the relevant evidence and elucidate the effect of dietary fiber intake on glycemic control, lipid profiles, systematic inflammation, and blood pressure. Eligible studies were searched in several electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, up to March 2022.

Emergence of a novel recombinant of CV-A5 in HFMD epidemics in Xiangyang, China.

Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by a variety of enterovirus serotypes and the etiological spectrum worldwide has changed since a large scale of outbreaks occurred in 1997.

Methods: A large number of clinical specimens of HFMD patients were collected in Xiangyang and genotyping was performed by qRT-PCR, conventional PCR amplification and sequencing. Among the 146 CV-A5 detected cases, the complete genome sequences of representative strains were determined for genotyping and for recombination analysis.

Efficacy of a coxsackievirus A6 vaccine candidate in an actively immunized mouse model.

Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) has been emerging as a major pathogen of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Study on the pathogenesis of CV-A6 infection and development of vaccines is hindered by a lack of appropriate animal models. Here, we report an actively immunized-challenged mouse model to evaluate the efficacy of a Vero-cell-based, inactivated CV-A6 vaccine candidate.

Efficacy of Coxsackievirus A5 Vaccine Candidates in an Actively Immunized Mouse Model.

Coxsackievirus A5 (CV-A5) has recently emerged as a main hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) pathogen. Following a large-scale vaccination campaign against enterovirus 71 (EV-71) in China, the number of HFMD-associated cases with EV-71 was reduced, especially severe and fatal cases. However, the total number of HFMD cases remains high, as HFMD is also caused by other enterovirus serotypes.

Determination and analysis of harmful components in synthetic running tracks from Chinese primary and middle schools.

In China, incidences involving pupils suffering health problems caused by synthetic running tracks have attracted the public's attention. However, the existence of known and unknown harmful chemicals in the tracks have not yet been explored. Here, the levels of 16 known harmful ingredients were firstly analyzed in 167 school running tracks.

Detection and quantification analysis of chemical migrants in plastic food contact products.

Plastic food contact materials (FCM)-based products were widely used in everyday life. These products were normally imposed to strict regulations in order to pass the enforcement tests of compliance as a prefix condition. However, even in these "qualified" materials, unknown chemical substances, not involving in legislation lists, could migrate from FCM.

Two Lysin-Motif Receptor Kinases, Gh-LYK1 and Gh-LYK2, Contribute to Resistance against in Upland Cotton.

Lysin-motif (LysM) receptor kinases (LYKs) play essential roles in recognition of chitin and activation of defense responses against pathogenic fungi in the model plants and rice. The function of LYKs in non-model plants, however, remains elusive. In the present work, we found that the transcription of two LYK-encoding genes from cotton, and , was induced after infection.

Capped antigenomic RNA transcript facilitates rescue of a plant rhabdovirus.

Background: Recovery of recombinant negative-stranded RNA viruses from cloned cDNAs is an inefficient process as multiple viral components need to be delivered into cells for reconstitution of infectious entities. Previously studies have shown that authentic viral RNA termini are essential for efficient virus rescue. However, little is known about the activity of viral RNAs processed by different strategies in supporting recovery of plant negative-stranded RNA virus.

Rescue of a Plant Negative-Strand RNA Virus from Cloned cDNA: Insights into Enveloped Plant Virus Movement and Morphogenesis.

Reverse genetics systems have been established for all major groups of plant DNA and positive-strand RNA viruses, and our understanding of their infection cycles and pathogenesis has benefitted enormously from use of these approaches. However, technical difficulties have heretofore hampered applications of reverse genetics to plant negative-strand RNA (NSR) viruses. Here, we report recovery of infectious virus from cloned cDNAs of a model plant NSR, Sonchus yellow net rhabdovirus (SYNV).

[Establishment of a One-Step Real-Time RT-PCR Method for the Detection of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus].

Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) complex. This disease has not yet been reported in China, and it is therefore essential to establish a rapid and accurate method for detection of the virus in order to prevent and control this disease. In this study, a one-step real-time quantitative RT-PCR method was developed for the detection of the VEEV complex.

Diversity of HIV/AIDS epidemic in China: a result from hierarchical clustering analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis.

Objective: To find out the diversity of HIV/AIDS epidemic among different areas in China according to their varied epidemic characteristics.

Design And Methods: Seventeen provincial variables, generated from original HIV/AIDS epidemic data and socioeconomic indicators to indicate HIV/AIDS epidemic characteristics, were introduced to hierarchical clustering analysis to form subepidemic areas. Then spatial autocorrelation analysis was applied to show the clustering distribution of cases from different most-at-risk populations.

[Spatial analysis on the HIV/AIDS infection status among injecting drug users in China, from 2005 to 2011].

Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of HIV/AIDS epidemics among injecting drug users(IDUs) in China from 2005 to 2011 and to understand its changing trend.

Methods: Using data on people living with HIV and AIDS through injecting drug between 2005 and 2011 to analyze the demographic characteristics of injecting drug users. Analysis on spatial correlation (provincial level and country level) and median center of hot spots(country level)were conducted by Arcgis software.

The HIV, syphilis, and HCV epidemics among female sex workers in china: results from a serial cross-sectional study between 2008 and 2012.

Background: Studies on the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases in female sex workers (FSWs) have been limited primarily to inferences drawn by focusing on defined geographical areas.

Methods And Findings: This serial cross-sectional study was conducted in mainland China from 2008 through 2012. Data for 827 079 participants was analyzed.

HIV/AIDS epidemic among older adults in China during 2005-2012: results from trend and spatial analysis.

Background: Recent studies have indicated an increasing burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS among older adults.

Methods: All identified people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) recorded through the Chinese HIV/AIDS CRS during 2005-2012 were included in the study, except for the cases that lacked specific spatial information. Trend tests and spatial analyses were conducted.

Construction of a Sonchus Yellow Net Virus minireplicon: a step toward reverse genetic analysis of plant negative-strand RNA viruses.

Reverse genetic analyses of negative-strand RNA (NSR) viruses have provided enormous advances in our understanding of animal viruses over the past 20 years, but technical difficulties have hampered application to plant NSR viruses. To develop a reverse genetic approach for analysis of plant NSR viruses, we have engineered Sonchus yellow net nucleorhabdovirus (SYNV) minireplicon (MR) reporter cassettes for Agrobacterium tumefaciens expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Fluorescent reporter genes substituted for the SYNV N and P protein open reading frames (ORFs) exhibited intense single-cell foci throughout regions of infiltrated leaves expressing the SYNV MR derivatives and the SYNV nucleocapsid (N), phosphoprotein (P), and polymerase (L) proteins.

The association between hsa-miR-499 T>C polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and were involved in diverse biological and pathological processes. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) which is located in the pre-miRNA may affect the processing and then influence the expression of mature miRNA. Previous studies yielded conflicting results as to the association of a common polymorphism in pre-miRNAs (i.

[Association study on the microRNA-1 target gene polymorphism and the risk of premature coronary artery disease].

Objective: To investigate the association between the genetic variant of miRNA-1 target gene COG6 rs9548934 C→T and the risk of premature coronary artery disease (pCAD).

Methods: This study included 226 pACD patients and 275 gender and age matched pCAD-free controls hospitalized in our hospital, diagnosis was made based on coronary angiography (CAG) results. The genotypes of miRNA-1 target gene COG6 rs9548934 C→T were detected by PCR-RFLP.