Multimorbidity in elderly patients with or without T2DM: A real-world cross-sectional analysis based on primary care and hospitalisation data.

Background: Shanghai's high level of ageing has given rise to a considerable number of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who are confronted with the challenge of managing multimorbidity. We aimed to determine the prevalence of multimorbidity in elderly T2DM patients in a representative Pudong New Area community and critically evaluate current guidelines' inclusiveness in addressing major comorbidities.

Methods: Through the Shanghai Health Cloud platform, we extracted medical records of residents in the Huamu community (Pudong New Area, Shanghai) to screen elderly patients with at least three outpatient visits or one hospitalisation per year between 2019 and 2022.

Nephroprotective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a real-world population-based cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension based on real-world clinical data. The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for evidence-based pharmacological treatment of chronic kidney disease in this population.

Methods: The 'Health Cloud' platform of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission was employed to identify and screen elderly patients with T2DM and hypertension.

Impact of infection on healthcare costs and clinical outcomes in elderly hospitalized patients with multimorbidity.

Background: Elderly patients with multimorbidity are at higher risk of greater healthcare costs and poor outcomes due to decreased physical function. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of infection on healthcare costs and poor outcomes in elderly hospitalized patients with multimorbidity.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 264 patients who met the inclusion criteria from the department of geriatrics of a large public hospital in Shanghai, China between January 2020 and December 2020.

Safety and efficacy of umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of patients with aging frailty: a phase I/II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold a great promise for cell-based therapy in the field of regenerative medicine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous infusion of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (HUC-MSCs) in patients with aging frailty.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, participants diagnosed with aging frailty were randomly assigned to receive intravenous administrations of HUC-MSCs or placebo.

Advances in disilylation reactions to access /-1,2-disilylated and -disilylated alkenes.

Organosilane compounds are widely used in both organic synthesis and materials science. Particularly, 1,2-disilylated and -disilylated alkenes, characterized by a carbon-carbon double bond and multiple silyl groups, exhibit significant potential for subsequently diverse transformations. The versatility of these compounds renders them highly promising for applications in materials, enabling them to be valuable and versatile building blocks in organic synthesis.

Protocol for iron-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of aryl chlorides with unactivated alkyl chlorides.

Organochlorides are a crucial class of electrophiles in organic synthesis. Here, we present a protocol for the cross-electrophile coupling of aryl chlorides with unactivated alkyl chlorides, facilitated by an iron/Bpin catalytic system. We describe steps for the coupling of aryl chlorides with alkyl chlorides, followed by purification of products.

Global trends in research related to functional dyspepsia and anxiety or depression over the past two decades: a bibliometric analysis.

Background And Purpose: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent global disorder of the upper digestive tract characterized by functional impairment. It often coexists with anxiety/depression, significantly impairing occupational productivity and overall quality of life. This study aimed to identify emerging patterns and prominent themes within FD and anxiety/depression research through bibliometric analysis to help explore new innovative avenues for investigating this type of FD.

Case-Control Trials on Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The single risk factors of pancreatic cancer (PC) has been extensively studied. We aimed to synthesize results from such studies to identify and estimate multiple independent risk factors of PC.

Methods: Articles published up to Feb 28, 2020 in English or Chinese reporting risk factors of PC were reviewed.

Construction and Effect of the Three-Level and Two-Stage Screening Mode for Age-Related Hearing Loss: A Study Based on the Community in Shanghai, China.

Background: There is a high incidence rate of age-related hearing loss. Severe hearing loss may increase the prevalence of mental illness, cognitive impairment, and even the risk of all-cause death.

Purpose: Construction of the three-level and two-stage screening mode for age-related hearing loss of the community and to evaluate its effectiveness.

Reliability of Risk Assessment for Intra-Hospital Venous Thromboembolism: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: Hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of unintended death in hospitalized patients. Standardized and reasonable prevention measures may reduce its occurrence effectively. This study aims to analyze the consistency of VTE risk assessment by physicians and nurses and its potential causes.

Thioethers as Dichotomous Electrophiles for Site-Selective Silylation via C-S Bond Cleavage.

The development of aryl alkyl sulfides as dichotomous electrophiles for site-selective silylation via C-S bond cleavage has been achieved. Iron-catalyzed selective cleavage of C(aryl)-S bonds can occur in the presence of β-diketimine ligands, and the cleavage of C(alkyl)-S bonds can be achieved by t-BuONa without the use of transition metals, resulting in the corresponding silylated products in moderate to excellent yields. Mechanistic studies suggest that Fe-Si species may undergo metathesis reactions during the cleavage of C(aryl)-S bonds, while silyl radicals are involved during the cleavage of C(alkyl)-S bonds.

Identification of the cuproptosis-related hub genes and therapeutic agents for sarcopenia.

Along with acceleration of population aging, the increasing prevalence of sarcopenia has posed a heavy burden on families as well as society. In this context, it is of great significance to diagnose and intervene sarcopenia as early as possible. Recent evidence has indicated the role of cuproptosis in the development of sarcopenia.

A one-pot protocol for iron-catalyzed decarbonylative borylation of aryl and alkyl carboxylic acids.

We present a protocol for the eco-friendly synthesis of aryl and alkyl boronic esters from aryl and alkyl carboxylic acids. We describe steps for aryl and alkyl carboxylates preparation. We further detail procedures for the synthesis of borylated products using aryl and alkyl carboxylates through iron-catalyzed decarbonylation at 100°C-130°C, followed by purification of the crude products by flash column chromatography.

Lifestyle-based oxidative balance score and its association with cardiometabolic health of the community-dwelling elderly: A cross-sectional secondary analysis.

Background: Cardiometabolic diseases, the main disease burden in older adults, are largely caused by oxidative stress resulting from lifestyle factors. This study investigated the relationship between lifestyle-based oxidative balance scores and cardiometabolic health among the community-dwelling elderly.

Methods: This work conducted a secondary analysis of previous cross-sectional research data and constructed a lifestyle-based oxidative balance score (LOBS) including 4 components (higher scores were considered more antioxidant).

Advances in silylation and borylation of fluoroarenes and -difluoroalkenes C-F bond cleavage.

Organoboron and organosilane compounds are widely used in organic synthesis and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the C-F bond functionalization is a useful tool for the construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. In particular, the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules through defluoroborylation and defluorosilylation reactions will provide good opportunities for the development and diversification of new medicinal compounds.

Experimental and Computational Studies of the Iron-Catalyzed Selective and Controllable Defluorosilylation of Unactivated Aliphatic gem-Difluoroalkenes.

The first iron-catalyzed defluorosilylation of unactivated gem-difluoroalkenes was developed, delivering gem-disilylated alkenes and (E)-silylated alkenes with excellent efficiency. This protocol features good functional group compatibility and excellent regio- and stereoselectivity, enabling the late-stage silylation of biologically relevant compounds, thus providing good opportunities for applications in medicinal chemistry. Preliminary mechanistic studies and DFT calculations reveal that a nucleophilic addition and elimination of the second C-F bond might be involved in the disilylation catalytic system, demonstrating unusual reactivity characteristics of iron catalysis.

Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Potential Adjuvant Therapy for COVID-19.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative pathogen for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which has posed an increasing serious public health threat. However, still there are no approved antiviral agents or vaccines available yet. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as a novel promising adjuvant therapy for the attenuation of COVID-19 based on its putative pathogenesis.

Association between ambulatory blood pressure variability and frailty among older hypertensive patients.

Frailty and hypertension often coexist and are increasingly prevalent with advancing age. Although hypertension is independently associated with frailty, whether high blood pressure variability affecting frailty is unclear. In this retrospective study, we consecutively enrolled elderly patients with essential hypertension undergoing 24-hour ABPM.

Development and Mechanistic Studies of Iron-Catalyzed Construction of Csp-B Bonds via C-O Bond Activation.

Herein we describe an iron-catalyzed borylation of alkenyl and aryl carbamates through the activation of a C-O bond. This protocol exhibits high efficiency, a broad substrate scope, and the late-stage borylation of biorelevant compounds, thus providing potential applications in medicinal chemistry. Moreover, this method enables orthogonal transformations of phenol derivatives and also offers good opportunities for the synthesis of multisubstituted arenes.

Iron-Catalyzed Borylation of Aryl Ethers via Cleavage of C-O Bonds.

Herein, we report the iron-catalyzed borylation of aryl ethers and aryl amines via cleavage of C-O and C-N bonds. This protocol does not require the use of Grignard reagents and displays a broad substrate scope, which allows the late-stage borylation. It also provides facile access to multisubstituted arenes through C-H functionalization using 2-pyridyloxy as the directing group.

C-O Bond Silylation Catalyzed by Iron: A General Method for the Construction of Csp-Si Bonds.

The iron-catalyzed construction of Csp-Si bonds via unreactive C-O bonds possesses a challenging topic in organic chemistry. Herein we report an iron-catalyzed silylation of aryl and alkenyl carbamates via C-O bond activation. This protocol features high efficiency and a broad substrate scope, enabling the late-stage silylation of biorelevant compounds and thus providing a good method to access valuable motifs in medicinal chemistry.

Circular RNA expression profiles in extracellular vesicles from the plasma of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their contents are involved in the development of human malignancies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), enriched in EVs, can regulate diverse cellular processes by acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges or through other mechanisms. In the present study, we explored the potential roles of circRNAs in EVs in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Thiyl radical promoted iron-catalyzed-selective oxidation of benzylic sp C-H bonds with molecular oxygen.

A ligand-free iron-catalyzed method for the oxygenation of benzylic sp3 C-H bonds by molecular oxygen (1 atm) using a thiyl radical as a cocatalyst has been developed. This transformation provides a facile access to amides, esters and ketones from readily accessible corresponding amines, ethers and alkanes. It features high regioselectivity, mild oxidative conditions and excellent functional group compatibility, providing good opportunities to the site-selective functionalization of complex molecules.

Association of Blood Pressure Variability and Intima-Media Thickness With White Matter Hyperintensities in Hypertensive Patients.

: Ambulatory blood pressure variability (ABPV), ABP, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) are closely associated with white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and few studies focused on establishing effective models based on ABP, ABPV, and IMT to predict the WMH burden. We aimed to evaluate the value of a predictive model based on the metrics of ABP, ABPV, and IMT, which were independently associated with the WMH burden. : We retrospectively enrolled 140 hypertensive inpatients for physical examinations in Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine between February 2018 and January 2019.

Exploration and practice of the "1 + 10 + 1100000" model.

The exploration and practice of the "1 + 10 + 1100000" model of local medical consortium includes three aspects: graded diagnosis and treatment, two-way referral, and dynamic flow; seamless connection between general practice and specialty to realize health management; and establishment of the "community health center-East Hospital-Tongji University" teaching platform.