Quantifying peripapillary vessel density and retinal nerve fibre layer in type 1 diabetic children without clinically detectable retinopathy using OCTA.

Aim: To quantify changes in radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (ppVD) and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), providing a basis for early retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. A total of 30 patients (3-14y) with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy (NDR group) were included.

[Distribution Characteristics and Environmental Driving Factors of Cyanobacteria Community in Impounded Lakes and Reservoirs in Shandong on the East Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project].

To investigate the distribution characteristics of the cyanobacteria community and the driving factors in impounded lakes and reservoirs in Shandong on the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, monthly samples of phytoplankton and the aquatic environment from Nansi Lake, Dongping Lake, Datun Reservoir, Donghu Reservoir, and Shuangwangcheng Reservoir were collected from May to November during 2010 to 2019. A total of 44 planktonic cyanobacteria taxa were identified with 23 filamentous cyanobacteria taxa. , and were the dominant harmful cyanobacteria species, with a high detection frequency and abundance in all lakes and reservoirs.

Sensorineural hearing loss induced by gefitinib: A CARE-compliant case report and literature reviews.

Rationale: Gefitinib is a potent and selective orally active growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is commonly used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with activating EGFR mutations. Hearing impairment with gefitinib was sparsely reported. In this report, we describe a case of sensorineural deafness associated with the administration of gefitinib, with a Naranjo score of 7.

First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus infecting in China.

(, Asteraceae) , an annual or biennial herb, is one of the most popular flowers in the world because of the colorful flowers and the long flowering period. However, the ornamental plants belonging to Asteraceae are susceptible to numerous viruses such as cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) (, Bromoviridae) , potato virus Y (, Potyviridae), tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) (, Virgaviridae), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (, Virgaviridae), chrysanthemum virus B (CVB) (, Betaflexiviridae), tomato aspermy virus (TAV) (, Bromoviridae), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (, Tospoviridae), and impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) (, Orthotospovirus) resulting in severe yield loss (Verma et al. 2003; Raj et al.

CdS-Modified TiO Nanotubes with Heterojunction Structure: A Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Glutathione.

The formation of heterojunction structures can effectively prevent the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs in semiconductors and result in the enhancement of photoelectric properties. Using TiO nanotubes (prepared using the hydrothermal-impregnation method) as carriers, CdS-TiONTs were fabricated as a photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor, which can be used under visible light and can exhibit good PEC performance due to the existence of the heterojunction structure. The experimental results show that the prepared CdS-TiONTs electrode had a linear response to 2-16 mM glutathione (GSH).

Ti C T MXene Composite 3D Hydrogel Potentiates mTOR Signaling to Promote the Generation of Functional Hair Cells in Cochlea Organoids.

Organoids have certain cellular composition and physiological features in common with real organs, making them promising models of organ formation, function, and diseases. However, Matrigel, the commonly used animal-derived matrices in which they are developed, has limitations in mechanical adjustability and providing complex physicochemical signals. Here, the incorporation of Ti C T MXene nanomaterial into Matrigel regulates the properties of Matrigel and exhibits satisfactory biocompatibility.

Lanthipeptides from the Same Core Sequence: Characterization of a Class II Lanthipeptide Synthetase from NIES-88.

Class II lanthipeptide synthetases (LanMs) are relatively promiscuous to core peptide variations. Previous studies have shown that different LanMs catalyze identical reactions on the same core sequence fused to their respective cognate leaders. We characterized a new LanM enzyme from NIES-88, MalM, and demonstrated that MalM and ProcM exhibited disparate dehydration and cyclization patterns on identical core peptides.

Biochemical Reconstitution Reveals the Biosynthetic Timing and Substrate Specificity for Thioamitides.

Thioamitides are apoptosis-inducing ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) with substantial post-translational modifications (PTMs), whose biosynthetic details remain elusive. We reconstituted their key PTMs through enzymatic reactions and gene coexpressions in and rigorously demonstrated the order of those modifications. Notably, thioamitide biosynthesis involves N- to C-terminal thioamidations and employs both leader-dependent and leader-independent reactions followed by leader removal by successive degradation.

[Effect of Composite Leaching on Cadmium Removal Efficiency in Plow Layer Soil of Agricultural Land and Its Functional Regulation].

In order to explore the feasibility of soil leaching and the remediation of agricultural land polluted by medium (heavy) cadmium (Cd), the soil column was used to simulate in-situ leaching, and the citric acid (CA)+ferric chloride (FeCl) composite leaching agent was selected. Under the optimal concentration combination and the addition amount of the composite leaching agent, the distribution characteristics of Cd in the plow-layer soil and below were investigated. The influence of the leaching process on soil health and the regulation effect of biochar were also investigated.

Combination of Xuesaitong and Aspirin Based on the Antiplatelet Effect and Gastrointestinal Injury: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial.

Background: Aspirin is the first-line medication for prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, long-term use of aspirin resulting in gastrointestinal mucosal injury and bleeding limits the regularity of medication. Xuesaitong is a marketed Chinese medicine contained main active component in Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), which can significantly inhibit platelet aggregation in patients with CHD.

PLA mediates the innate immune response in Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis.

The eicosanoid signaling pathway mediates insect immune reactions to a wide range of stimuli. This pathway begins with the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid (AA) from the hydrolysis of phospholipids catalyzed by phospholipase A (PLA ). We report here that the PLA inhibitor, dexamethasone (DEX), impaired the innate immune response including nodulation, encapsulation, and melanization in Ostrinia furnacalis larvae, while AA partially reversed these effects of DEX.

Cellulomonas taurus sp. nov., a novel bacteria with multiple hydrolase activity isolated from livestock, and potential application in wastewater treatment.

A Gram-positive, smooth, sub-transparent, faint yellow,0.5-0.7 µm diameter, rod shaped aerobic or facultative aerobic strain P40-2was isolated from livestock farms in Northeast China.

[Effect of Biochar on Changes of the Temperature Sensitivity of Soil Respiration and Bacterial Community Structure].

To explore the effects of biochar on the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration and microbial community structure, the soil was subjected to an indoor culture test under two major treatments which were control (CK) and the addition of 3% (mass ratio) biochar (BC). Each major treatment contained four temperature conditions. We analyzed the changes in soil CO emission, the content of different soil organic carbon, and the characteristics of the soil bacterial community.

Pepsin and Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas.

Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas are common malignant tumors of the head and neck, and the incidence of both is increasing. Laryngopharyngeal reflux refers to the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx, and/or nasopharynx. It remains controversial whether laryngopharyngeal reflux is a risk factor for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.

[Effects of Different Coagulants on Co-manganese Oxides Filter Media for Removing Ammonium and Manganese from Surface Water in Summer and Autumn].

Under high temperatures in summer and autumn, the effects of FeCl, PFC, and PAFC on co-manganese oxides filter media for removing ammonium and manganese from surface water were investigated. The results showed that FeCl can be hydrolyzed easily, thus reducing the pH of the water and the residual iron in the water were not conducive to the removal of ammonium and manganese. Transforming the coagulant FeCl into PFC can effectively recover the removal effect of ammonium and manganese.

Mixed Micellization of Cationic/Anionic Surfactants: Role of Matching Water Affinities between Oppositely Charged Headgroups and That between Oppositely Charged Constituent Counterions.

To explore the role of matching water affinities between the oppositely charged headgroups, the micellization of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr)/sodium dodecanoate (NaL) mixed system and the CTABr/sodium dodecylsulfonate (NaAS) mixed system has been investigated by the surface tension method and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. In comparison with the CTABr/NaL system, the CTABr/NaAS system shows stronger micelle formation ability, smaller critical micelle concentration (cmc), and stronger synergistic effect arising from the higher degree of matching water affinities between the headgroups CTA and AS. To explore the role of matching water affinities between the oppositely charged constituent counterions, the micellization of CTAX/YL mixed systems with various counterions has been investigated.

Low molecular mass chondroitin sulfate suppresses chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behavior in mice.

The present study is aimed at testing the antidepressant--like effects and probable mechanisms of action of low molecular mass chondroitin sulfate (LMMCS) on depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in mice. Four weeks of CUMS exposure resulted in depressive-like behavior, expressed by a significant decrease in the locomotor activity and sucrose consumption and increased immobility time in the forced swim test. Further, there was a significant reduction of 5-HT level in the hippocampus region of depressed mice.

Isoflurane produces antidepressant effects inducing BDNF-TrkB signaling in CUMS mice.

Rationale: The volatile anesthetic isoflurane is suggested to produce a rapid and robust antidepressive effect in preliminary clinical trials. Recently, isoflurane was found to activate the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling which is the underlying mechanism of the rapid antidepressant ketamine.

Objective: Our study investigated the effect of isoflurane anesthesia on chronic unpredictable mild stressed (CUMS) model in mice and verified the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/TrkB/ the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in the antidepressant effect of isoflurane.

Efficacy of robotic radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer compared with that of open and laparoscopic surgery: A separate meta-analysis of high-quality studies.

Background: To perform a meta-analysis of high-quality studies comparing robotic radical hysterectomy (RRH) vs laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH), and open radical hysterectomy (ORH) for the treatment of cervical cancer.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was performed to identify studies that compared RRH with LRH or ORH. The selection of high-quality, nonrandomized comparative studies was based on a validated tool (methodologic index for nonrandomized studies) since no randomized controlled trials have been published.

Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharide on Mechanical Characterization of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells by Atomic Force Microscopy at Nanoscale.

Objective: To study the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), the primary effective component of the Chinese herb medicine Astragalus membranaceus (frequently used for its anti-hepatic fibrosis effects), on nanoscale mechanical properties of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs).

Methods: Using endothelial cell medium as the control, 5 experimental groups were established utilizing different concentrations of APS, i.e.

Characterization of the Transcriptomes of Lgr5+ Hair Cell Progenitors and Lgr5- Supporting Cells in the Mouse Cochlea.

Cochlear supporting cells (SCs) have been shown to be a promising resource for hair cell (HC) regeneration in the neonatal mouse cochlea. Previous studies have reported that Lgr5+ SCs can regenerate HCs both and and thus are considered to be inner ear progenitor cells. Lgr5+ progenitors are able to regenerate more HCs than Lgr5- SCs, and it is important to understand the mechanism behind the proliferation and HC regeneration of these progenitors.

The RopGEF2-ROP7/ROP2 Pathway Activated by phyB Suppresses Red Light-Induced Stomatal Opening.

Circadian rhythm of stomatal aperture is mainly regulated by light/darkness. Blue and red light induce stomatal opening through different mechanisms that are mediated by special receptors. ROP2, a member of Rho GTPase family in Arabidopsis (), has been found to negatively regulate light-induced stomatal opening.

Design, Synthesis, Fungicidal Activity, and Unexpected Docking Model of the First Chiral Boscalid Analogues Containing Oxazolines.

Chirality greatly influences the biological and pharmacological properties of a pesticide and will contribute to unnecessary environmental loading and undesired ecological impact. No structure and activity relationship (SAR) of enantiopure succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) was documented during the structure optimization of boscalids. On the basis of commercial SDHIs, oxazoline natural products, and versatile oxazoline ligands in organic synthesis, the first effort was devoted to explore the chiral SDHIs and the preliminary mechanism thereof.