Hormone receptors analysis in Chinese patients with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.

Background And Objectives: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a relatively rare skin tumor. Clinical observations indicated that DFSP has a more aggressive behavior during pregnancy, which suggest there might be a hormonal influence on this tumor. We evaluated the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in DFSP patients.

[Clinicopathologic features and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor in adrenocortical tumors].

Objective: To study the clinicopathologic features and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in adrenocortical tumors.

Methods: Forty-two cases of adrenocortical tumors operated at the Beijing Union Medical College Hospital during the period from July, 2001 to July, 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Immunohistochemical study for EGFR and VEGF was carried out.

[Analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in pancreatic cancer by spectral karyotyping].

Objective: to investigate the chromosomal characteristics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas by spectral karyotyping.

Methods: cytogenetic aberrations of pancreatic cancer cell line P2 established from a Chinese patient was investigated by spectral karyotyping (SKY). Chromosomal alterations were further evaluated in 10 cases of pancreatic cancer and 10 cases of chronic pancreatitis by two color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) by using EGFR/CEP7 probe and paraffin embedded tissue samples.

[Fluorescence in-situ hybrydization detection of 18q21 LOH in human pancreatic ductal carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis].

Objective: To investigate 18q21 LOH in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and chronic pancreatitis by fluorescence in-situ hybrydization (FISH) technique, and to analyze the relationship between 18q21 LOH and clinicopathologic characteristics.

Methods: RP11-729G3 and RP11-850A17, the regions on 18q21, were selected as the target fragments, the region RP11-621L6, close to the centromere of chromosome 18, was selected as the reference fragment. The specific BAC clones were used to isolate and purify the corresponding genomic DNA, which were labeled with biotin or DIG by nick translation into dual color probes.

[HER2 status in breast cancer of Chinese women: a study of 1170 cases using fluorescence in-situ hybridization].

Objective: To assess the prevalence of HER2 amplification according to HER2 and chromosome 17 copy numbers and HER2 FISH (fluorescence in-situ hybridization) ratio in breast cancer occurring in Chinese women.

Methods: Eleven hundreds and seventy cases of breast cancer occurring in Chinese women, who would be treated by trastuzumab and/or relevant chemotherapy based on HER2 status, were enrolled into the study. The formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissues were tested by FISH (PathVysion, Vysis).

[Status of gene mutation and copy number of EGFR in 290 cases of non-small cell lung carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate EGFR mutations and gene copy number status in non-small cell lung carcinomas in the Chinese patients.

Methods: Using formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue samples, EGFR mutations were investigated in 290 cases of non-small cell lung carcinomas by microdissection and scorpions amplification refractory mutation system. The status of EGFR gene copy number was investigated by FISH.

[Detection of epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancers by real-time polymerase chain reaction using scorpion amplification refractory mutation system].

Objective: To investigate mutations of EGFR gene in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) using scorpions amplification refractory mutation system (Scorpions ARMS) is in comparing the detection sensitivity with that by PCR-direct sequencing method, and in addition to study the correlation between the mutations and the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients.

Methods: Tumor cells were collected by microdissection from paraffin embedded tumor specimens and adjacent normal lung tissues of 82 NSCLC patients. The genomic DNA was extracted.

[Analysis of 13q14 chromosomal instability in soft tissue tumors by fluorescence in-situ hybridization].

Objective: To investigate the genetic status of 13q and its role in the oncogenesis and progress of soft tissue tumors.

Methods: Forty-one soft tissue tumors, including 9 benign tumors, 9 tumors of malignant potential and 23 sarcomas, were studied by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) using dual color probes. The probes were generated from BAC clones RP11-685I15, RP11-352N7 and RP11-505F3, corresponding to Rb, RFP2, KCNRG and KLF5 genes respectively.

[Protein overexpression and gene copy number of EGFR and HER2 in colorectal carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the protein expression and gene copy number of EGFR and HER2, and the correlation between the two markers in colorectal carcinomas in Chinese.

Method: Total 42 samples of paraffin-embedded colorectal carcinomas in tissue microarray format were studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for EGFR and HER2 protein expression and gene copy number status, respectively.

Results: Among 42 cases evaluated, EGFR scores were 0 in 18 cases, 1+ in 10 cases, 2+ in 5 cases and 3+ in 9 cases.

Endothelial cell chimerism by fluorescence in situ hybridization in gender mismatched renal allograft biopsies.

Background: The blood vessels of a transplanted organ are the interface between donor and recipient. The endothelium in the blood vessels is thought to be the major target for graft rejection. Endothelial cells of a transplanted organ can be of recipient origin after transplantation.

[Topoisomerase IIalpha and HER2/neu gene alterations and their correlation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas].

Objective: To investigate the changes of topoisomerase IIalpha (TOP2A) and HER2/neu genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas of Chinese patients, and to determine their roles during carcinogenesis and tumor progression.

Methods: Expressions of TOP2A and HER2/neu proteins were detected by using immunohistochemistry, while gene amplifications of TOP2A and HER2/neu were assessed by using multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). All the samples were of paraffin embedded and 10% formalin fixed tissue, including 26 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas with adjacent non-neoplastic pancreatic tissues, 10 cases of chronic panreatitis, and 10 cases of normal pancreas.

[K-ras mutation analysis in ovarian serous borderline and malignant tumors].

Objective: To investigate the roles of K-ras gene in the tumorigenesis of ovarian serous borderline and malignant tumors.

Methods: Fifty one tissue samples of ovarian serous tumors, including 18 conventional serous borderline tumors, 11 micropapillary serous borderline tumors, 12 invasive micropapillary serous carcinomas, and 10 conventional serous carcinomas were investigated for the presence of K-ras mutation. DNA was extracted after microdissection of the tumor tissue, the exon 1 of K-ras gene was amplified by PCR, and the presence of mutation at the codons 12 and 13 was evaluated by direct sequencing analysis.

[Analysis of HER2 gene status in breast cancer with HER2 protein overexpression].

Objective: To study the HER2 gene status (by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in breast cancer with HER2 protein overexpression, the correlation between gene amplification and protein overexpression, as well as the rate and significance of chromosome 17 aneusomy.

Methods: One hundred and twenty archival cases of breast cancer with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissues with 2+ (42 cases) and 3+ (78 cases) HER2 protein overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC, HercepTest, Dako) were tested by FISH (PathVysion, Vysis) for HER2 gene status. The rate of chromosome 17 aneusomy was also analyzed.

[Relationship between chromosome 8 alterations and Gleason score in prostatic adenocarcinoma].

Objective: To study the gain of chromosome 8 and c-myc gene and lipoprotein lipase gene status in prostatic adenocarcinoma of Chinese patients, and to analyze the relationship between chromosome 8 alterations and Gleason score of prostatic cancer.

Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded prostatic biopsy tissues from 34 Chinese patients with untreated prostatic adenocarcinoma were studied by three-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using ProVysion(TM) probe kit. The materials included 1 case with Gleason score 5, 10 cases with Gleason score 6, 14 cases with Gleason score 7, 4 cases with Gleason score 8 and 5 cases with Gleason score 9.

[EGFR and HER2 gene expression status and their correlation in non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To explore epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 gene status, to assess the correlation between EGFR and HER2 gene status, and to investigate the role of copy number increase and amplification of EGFR gene and HER2 gene in the tumorigenesis and disease progression of non-small-cell lung cancer.

Methods: Using Path Vysion kit and LSI EGFR SpectrumOrange/CEP7 Spectrum Green probes, EGFR gene and HER2 gene status were evaluated by fluorescence insitu hybridization (FISH) using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from 31 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, including 20 adenocarcinomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 large cell carcinoma, 4 bronchoalveolar carcinomas and 3 adenosquamous carcinomas. The correlation between EGFR and HER2 gene status was analyzed.

[Evaluation of HER2 gene expression status in breast cancer by fluorescence in-situ hybridization].

Objective: To deduce the protocol, scoring criteria and interpretive guidelines for assessment of HER2 gene expression status by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) and to compare the results with those obtained by immunohistochemistry.

Methods: The HercepTest kit from Dako Cytomation was employed for immunohistochemistry. FISH for HER2 gene expression status was performed using PathVysion DNA probe kit on the archival paraffin-embedded sections of breast cancer tissues from 28 Chinese female patients with immunohistochemical staining scores of (3 +), (2 +), (1 +) and 0.

Chromosome 1q loss of heterozygosity frequently occurs in sporadic insulinomas and is associated with tumor malignancy.

The pathogenesis of sporadic insulinomas is not clear, and there are no reliable genetic determinants that are useful to distinguish malignant and benign forms of this tumor. It was reported that 1q LOH might contribute to pathogenesis in gastrinomas and was correlated with tumor progression. However, little data are available on 1q LOH in sporadic insulinomas.

[Detection of Y chromosome loss by fluorescence in situ hybridization in pancreatic cancer].

Objective: To investigate the correlation between loss of Y chromosome and development of pancreatic cancer.

Method: The status of Y chromosome was analyzed by two color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. performed on paraffin sections of pancreatic cancer tissues from 15 Chinese males.

[Frequent loss of heterozygosity at MEN-1 gene and chromosome 22q in insulinomas and its significance].

Objective: To detecte whether loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the MEN-1 locus as well as 22q occurs in sporadic insulinoma and if LOH can be used as a genetic marker to differentiate malignant and benign insulinomas.

Methods: MEN-1 gene and 22q allelotyping were performed by PCR with microsatallite markers in DNA from microdissected normal and tumor tissues from archived or frozen insulinomas (8 malignant and 32 benign, from 38 patients). The significance was calculated using t test and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel Statistics, P < 0.

[Distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas].

Objectives: To investigate the differences in morphology, immunohistochemistry, DNA ploidy status, LOH and MSI of 11q13 and 1p between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas, and to find the marker or markers useful in distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytoma or for predicting the malignant potential of this tumor.

Methods: Twenty-two cases of clinically documented benign and malignant pheochromocytomas from the files of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. Aside from histological study, Ki-67, p53, CgA, S-100, PCNA and survivin immunohistochemistry studies were performed.